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Plastics industry
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<h2 id="companies">Companies</h2> <p class="note">Further information: Category:Plastics companies</p> <h2 id="markets">Markets</h2> <p>According to PlasticsEurope, the top three markets for plastics are <a href="/facts/Packaging_industry/QGRXJLjq">packaging</a>, building and <a href="/facts/Construction_industry/58eqDhy9">construction</a>, and <a href="/facts/Automotive_industry/fGFKUIlA">automotive</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a> </p> <p class="note">See also: <a href="/facts/Plastics_in_the_construction_industry/UuYsGrHE">Plastics in the construction industry</a></p> <h2 id="production">Production</h2> <p>Plastics production has been growing globally. The numbers include <a href="/facts/Thermoplastics/5KJB8dwN">thermoplastics</a> and <a href="/facts/Polyurethanes/qNo2KSXA">polyurethanes</a>, as well as <a href="/facts/Thermosets/EagnsydT">thermosets</a>, <a href="/facts/Adhesives/shTfIJ0E">adhesives</a>, <a href="/facts/Coatings/fGt3R3VC">coatings</a>, <a href="/facts/Sealants/WY22bcvE">sealants</a>, and <a href="/facts/Polypropylene/HM9PvoCz">PP</a>-fibers.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a> Data was gathered by PlasticsEurope (PEMRG) and Consultic, or the nova-institute.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> </p> World plastics production in Mt<table><tbody><tr><th scope="col">year</th><th scope="col"><a href="/facts/Megatonne/gMymLmWv">Megatonnes</a></th></tr><tr><td>2002</td><td>204</td></tr><tr><td>2007</td><td>257</td></tr><tr><td>2009</td><td>250</td></tr><tr><td>2011</td><td>279</td></tr><tr><td>2012</td><td>288</td></tr><tr><td>2013</td><td>299</td></tr><tr><td>2018</td><td>370.5</td></tr><tr><td>2022</td><td>400.3</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>However, in 2020 the COVID-19 pandemic has had a <a href="/facts/Financial_market_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic/nFWGt4Xq">devastating effect on the fossil fuel and petrochemical industry</a>. Natural gas prices have dropped so low that gas producers were <a href="/facts/Flaring/8fILYdxp">burning if off on-site</a> (not being worth the cost to transport it to <a href="/facts/Ethane/BGCzc6yh">cracking facilities</a>). In addition, bans on single-use consumer plastic (in China, the European Union, Canada, and many countries in Africa), and bans on plastic bags (in several states in the USA) has reduced demand for plastics considerably. Many cracking facilities in the USA have been suspended. The petrochemical industry has been trying to save itself by attempting to rapidly expand demand for plastic products worldwide (i.e. through pushbacks on plastic bans and by increasing the number of products wrapped in plastic in countries where plastic use is not already as widespread (i.e. developing nations)).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="history">History</h2> <p class="note">Further information: <a href="/facts/Timeline_of_plastic_development/T0FaP3r2">Timeline of plastic development</a></p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Alexander_Crum_Brown/14K2CVU4">Alexander Crum Brown</a> discovered the carbon double bond in ethylene</li> <li><a href="/facts/James_Swinburne/xgbfgryH">James Swinburne</a>, the Father of British Plastics, revolutionized the plastics industry in Europe.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Leo_Baekeland/yBfquTWH">Leo Baekeland</a>, whom created the first plastic, Bakelite.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Hermann_Staudinger/UWTzb4Ad">Hermann Staudinger</a>, who received the Nobel Prize for his discoveries of Macromolecules and Polymers, the chemical backbone of plastics.</li></ul> <h2 id="associations">Associations</h2> <h3>United States</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/American_Plastics_Council/d1ERtQ3G">American Plastics Council</a> (<a href="/facts/Trade_association/emPa7AJG">trade association</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Society_of_the_Plastics_Industry/ftok30cR">Society of the Plastics Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/American_Chemistry_Council/JxxR4aTD">American Chemistry Council</a></li></ul> <h3>Europe</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/European_Polymer_Federation/JRkNjKXv">European Polymer Federation</a> (scientific)</li></ul> <h3>United Kingdom</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/British_Plastics_Federation/boYCHk9x">British Plastics Federation</a> (trade association)</li></ul> <h3>India</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Plastindia/VIollElI">Plastindia</a></li></ul> <h3>International</h3> <ul><li>International Association of Plastics Distributors</li> <li><a href="/facts/Society_of_Plastics_Engineers/VKYYNhx7">Society of Plastics Engineers</a></li></ul> <h2 id="countries-and-sites">Countries and sites</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Beccles/VLS3EXLt">Beccles</a> is a town in England which is a center of the plastics industry</li> <li><a href="/facts/Erie,_Pennsylvania/mwuQGr3c">Erie, Pennsylvania</a> is a center of the plastics industry in the United States</li> <li><a href="/facts/Oyonnax/zxG0Ga59">Oyonnax</a> is called Plastic Valley in France</li> <li><a href="/facts/Stenungsund/kXXPey4A">Stenungsund</a> is a town in Sweden which is considered to be a centre for the plastic industry in Scandinavia</li></ul> <h2 id="initiatives">Initiatives</h2> <ul><li>Plastics 2020 Challenge</li> <li>Plastics Free July</li></ul> <h2 id="journals-and-conferences">Journals and conferences</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Plastics_News/lpCIBuBQ">Plastics News</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Plastics_News_Global_Group/TsNXDzAg">Plastics News Global Group</a></li></ul> <h2 id="trade-shows">Trade Shows</h2> <ul><li>NPE – National Plastics Expo (USA)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Chinaplas/f7m1pxbq">Chinaplas</a> (China)</li> <li>K (Germany)</li> <li>Plastimagen (Mexico)</li> <li>Plastindia and Plastivision (India)</li> <li>Plastpol (Poland)</li> <li>Interplas (United Kingdom)</li> <li>Interplastica (Russia)</li></ul> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Economics_of_plastics_processing/5sKlg6MI">Economics of plastics processing</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Plastic_pollution/oLNNHQrG">Plastic pollution</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Dedicated_bio-based_chemical/YDkEWAMN">Dedicated bio-based chemical</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Drop-in_bioplastic/YDkEWAMN">Drop-in bioplastic</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Thermoplastic/5KJB8dwN">Thermoplastic</a></li></ul> <ul><li> Media related to Plastics industry at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"Plastics – the fast Facts 2023; An analysis of European plastics production, demand and waste data". www.plasticseurope.org. <a href="https://plasticseurope.org/knowledge-hub/plastics-the-fast-facts-2023/" target="_blank">https://plasticseurope.org/knowledge-hub/plastics-the-fast-facts-2023/</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"Plastics – the fast Facts 2023; An analysis of European plastics production, demand and waste data". www.plasticseurope.org. <a href="https://plasticseurope.org/knowledge-hub/plastics-the-fast-facts-2023/" target="_blank">https://plasticseurope.org/knowledge-hub/plastics-the-fast-facts-2023/</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>"consultic – consultic". www.consultic.de. Retrieved 17 April 2018. <a href="http://www.consultic.de/en/" target="_blank">http://www.consultic.de/en/</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Chinthapalli, Raj; Skoczinski, Pia; Carus, Michael; Baltus, Wolfgang; de Guzman, Doris; Käb, Harald; Raschka, Achim; Ravenstijn, Jan (2019-08-01). "Biobased Building Blocks and Polymers—Global Capacities, Production and Trends, 2018–2023". Industrial Biotechnology. 15 (4): 237–241. doi:10.1089/ind.2019.29179.rch. ISSN 1550-9087. <a href="https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/ind.2019.29179.rch" target="_blank">https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/ind.2019.29179.rch</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Will coronavirus be the death or salvation of Big Plastic ? <a href="https://time.com/5831005/coronavirus-plastic-industry/" target="_blank">https://time.com/5831005/coronavirus-plastic-industry/</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>