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<h2 id="events">Events</h2> <h3>January–December</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/March_14/psCU0ha1">March 14</a> – <a href="/facts/Chioggia/hP1dV4vg">Chioggia</a> concludes an alliance with <a href="/facts/Zadar/04x7kTo2">Zadar</a> and <a href="/facts/Trogir/zMWVWJFq">Trogir</a> against <a href="/facts/Venice/Xzc2uVDg">Venice</a>, which becomes changed in 1412 in <a href="/facts/%C5%A0ibenik/57Wxsahl">Šibenik</a>.</li> <li><a href="/facts/June_12/TA9W2nuf">June 12</a> – <a href="/facts/Peasants%27_Revolt/LygDBLHR">Peasants' Revolt</a>: In <a href="/facts/Kingdom_of_England/1VqdIuFc">England</a>, rebels from <a href="/facts/Kent/aYfQI6Fc">Kent</a> and <a href="/facts/Essex/cuUqAlzH">Essex</a>, led by <a href="/facts/Wat_Tyler/nJfTrUnB">Wat Tyler</a> and <a href="/facts/Jack_Straw_(rebel_leader)/j4UL1FMV">Jack Straw</a>, meet at <a href="/facts/Blackheath,_London/RvGKcIeL">Blackheath</a>. There the rebels are encouraged by a sermon, by renegade priest <a href="/facts/John_Ball_(priest)/88vmhNuz">John Ball</a>.</li> <li><a href="/facts/June_14/lh9kkXn2">June 14</a> – <a href="/facts/Peasants%27_Revolt/LygDBLHR">Peasants' Revolt</a>: Rebels destroy <a href="/facts/John_of_Gaunt/aNXAMWt3">John of Gaunt</a>'s <a href="/facts/Savoy_Palace/kcREUIsR">Savoy Palace</a> in London and storm the <a href="/facts/Tower_of_London/D80dKXrh">Tower of London</a>, beheading <a href="/facts/Simon_Sudbury/6sEkHz5n">Simon Sudbury</a>, who is both <a href="/facts/Archbishop_of_Canterbury/x3H2z6bI">Archbishop of Canterbury</a> and <a href="/facts/Lord_Chancellor/2rbLTEs6">Lord Chancellor</a>, and also <a href="/facts/Robert_Hales_(knight)/VSoos8WU">Robert Hales</a>, <a href="/facts/Lord_High_Treasurer/Dm0knfx3">Lord High Treasurer</a>. King <a href="/facts/Richard_II_of_England/SEdNjV5U">Richard II of England</a> (age 14) meets the leaders of the revolt and agrees to reforms such as fair rents and the abolition of <a href="/facts/Serfdom/HyajBMeR">serfdom</a>.</li> <li><a href="/facts/June_15/Gv1phhWL">June 15</a> – <a href="/facts/Peasants%27_Revolt/LygDBLHR">Peasants' Revolt</a>: During further negotiations, <a href="/facts/Wat_Tyler/nJfTrUnB">Wat Tyler</a> is murdered by the King's entourage. Noble forces subsequently overpower the rebel army. The rebel leaders are eventually captured and executed and <a href="/facts/Richard_II_of_England/SEdNjV5U">Richard II</a> revokes his concessions. The revolt is discussed in <a href="/facts/John_Gower/2I42qqLV">John Gower</a>'s <i><a href="/facts/Vox_Clamantis/8e87g0w3">Vox Clamantis</a></i> and <i><a href="/facts/Froissart%27s_Chronicles/FgNGfKaM">Froissart's Chronicles</a></i>.</li> <li><a href="/facts/August/bH7jHJDg">August</a> – <a href="/facts/K%C4%99stutis/Wsxfsulx">Kęstutis</a> overthrows his nephew, <a href="/facts/Jogaila/D0wzcRK6">Jogaila</a>, as <a href="/facts/Grand_Duchy_of_Lithuania/9czbKcfs">Grand Duke of Lithuania</a>. Jogaila is allowed to remain as governor of eastern <a href="/facts/Lithuania/dApVjLWW">Lithuania</a>. This marks the beginning of the <a href="/facts/Lithuanian_Civil_War_(1381%E2%80%9384)/0a48TWsu">Lithuanian Civil War (1381–84)</a>.</li></ul> <h3>Date not known</h3> <ul><li>Due to <a href="/facts/Joanna_I_of_Naples/8X47fj0X">Joanna I of Naples</a>' support for <a href="/facts/Antipope_Clement_VII/BFnglJTC">Antipope Clement VII</a>, <a href="/facts/Pope_Urban_VI/pa7tcljH">Pope Urban VI</a> bestows <a href="/facts/Naples/SXrFcg2C">Naples</a> upon <a href="/facts/Charles_III_of_Naples/wFKqpWzW">Charles of Durazzo</a>. With the help of the <a href="/facts/Hungarians/Aqot45Va">Hungarians</a>, Charles advances on Naples and captures Joanna. <a href="/facts/James_of_Baux/7bBfgrsp">James of Baux</a>, the ruler of <a href="/facts/History_of_Taranto/sK3LeLpu">Taranto</a> and the <a href="/facts/Latin_Empire/7GMdJzAH">Latin Empire</a>, claims the <a href="/facts/Principality_of_Achaea/wENCo3sR">Principality of Achaea</a> after Joanna's imprisonment.</li> <li>After a naval battle, <a href="/facts/Venice/Xzc2uVDg">Venice</a> wins the three-year <a href="/facts/War_of_Chioggia/IuEV58J5">War of Chioggia</a> against <a href="/facts/Genoa/PE9sekQU">Genoa</a>. The Genoans are permanently weakened by the conflict.</li> <li>Hajji I succeeds Alah-ad-Din Ali as <a href="/facts/Mamluk_Sultanate_(Cairo)/AXAzz3Q7">Mamluk</a> Sultan of <a href="/facts/Egypt/8Ttg0JwB">Egypt</a>. The Egyptian government continues to be controlled by rebel leader <a href="/facts/Barquq/5HngyE0B">Barquq</a>.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Timur/pkQEWrRH">Timur</a> conquers east <a href="/facts/Persia/24yukge8">Persia</a>, ending the rule of the <a href="/facts/Sarbadars/3jSJPm2p">Sarbadar</a> dynasty.</li> <li>Sonam Drakpa deposes Drakpa Changchub as ruler of <a href="/facts/Tibet/NQChzGo9">Tibet</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/facts/Ming_dynasty/p3bSVwUH">Ming dynasty</a> of China annexes the areas of the old <a href="/facts/Kingdom_of_Dali/u5IwpwIW">Kingdom of Dali</a>, in modern-day <a href="/facts/Yunnan/Q924cyfE">Yunnan</a> and <a href="/facts/Guizhou/BWxNrucU">Guizhou</a> provinces, inhabited by the <a href="/facts/Miao_people/HrGC8sCL">Miao</a> and <a href="/facts/Yao_people/rg8qFJC9">Yao</a> peoples. Hundreds of thousands of Chinese (including military colonists) will migrate there from the rest of China.</li> <li>In <a href="/facts/Ming_dynasty/p3bSVwUH">Ming dynasty</a> China, the <i>lijia</i> census registration system begun in <a href="/facts/1371/2fDwqWI7">1371</a> is now universally imposed, during the reign of the <a href="/facts/Hongwu_Emperor/V1FUTL6k">Hongwu Emperor</a>. The census counts 59,873,305 people living in China in this year. This depicts a drastic drop in population since the <a href="/facts/Song_dynasty/FxV5bXS5">Song dynasty</a>, which counted 100 million people at its height in the early 12th century. A modern historian states that the Ming census is inaccurate, as China at around this time has at least 65,000,000 inhabitants, if not 75,000,000.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a></li></ul> <h2 id="births">Births</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/January_13/rvD8TxJq">January 13</a> – <a href="/facts/Colette_of_Corbie/vhzH6CVW">Colette of Corbie</a>, French abbess and saint in the Catholic Church (d. <a href="/facts/1447/kgtsAKzp">1447</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/October_13/DBumjTCV">October 13</a> – <a href="/facts/Thomas_FitzAlan,_12th_Earl_of_Arundel/uv5W7mzQ">Thomas FitzAlan, 12th Earl of Arundel</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/facts/1415/Mj04SXIY">1415</a>)</li> <li><i>date unknown</i> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Anna_of_Celje/3DyxGTHr">Anna of Celje</a>, Queen consort of Poland (d. <a href="/facts/1416/XG80ByF0">1416</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Johann_Schiltberger/3Rb1ztpA">Johann Schiltberger</a>, German traveller and writer (d. <a href="/facts/1440/2FQz63e9">1440</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/John_I,_Duke_of_Bourbon/zz5UWBn6">John I, Duke of Bourbon</a> (d. <a href="/facts/1434/GKkdab2x">1434</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Saint_Rita_of_Cascia/VqgdMQLL">Saint Rita of Cascia</a> (d. <a href="/facts/1457/j9MDPUJ7">1457</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Itzc%C3%B3atl/DzCh2cED">Itzcóatl</a>, fourth <a href="/facts/Tlatoani/l6EbFx0S">Tlatoani</a> for the <a href="/facts/Mexica/kqI5KXAs">Mexica</a> Empire (d. <a href="/facts/1440/2FQz63e9">1440</a>)</li></ul></li></ul> <h2 id="deaths">Deaths</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/March_24/4wPpsvg0">March 24</a> – <a href="/facts/Catherine_of_Vadstena/GXRBf2t6">Catherine of Vadstena</a>, Swedish saint (b. <a href="/facts/1331/80NJX6gV">1331</a> or <a href="/facts/1332/6mpVCnJ8">1332</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/May_15/rRHwCQV6">May 15</a> – <a href="/facts/Eppelein_von_Gailingen/kVrQC4mR">Eppelein von Gailingen</a>, German robber baron</li> <li><a href="/facts/June_14/lh9kkXn2">June 14</a> – <a href="/facts/Simon_Sudbury/6sEkHz5n">Simon Sudbury</a>, <a href="/facts/Archbishop_of_Canterbury/x3H2z6bI">Archbishop of Canterbury</a> (murdered)</li> <li><a href="/facts/June_15/Gv1phhWL">June 15</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/John_Cavendish/S0dvLsWc">John Cavendish</a>, Lord Chief Justice of England (murdered)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Wat_Tyler/nJfTrUnB">Wat Tyler</a>, English rebel (murdered)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/July_15/mPfeUQQy">July 15</a> – <a href="/facts/John_Ball_(priest)/88vmhNuz">John Ball</a>, renegade priest (executed)</li> <li><a href="/facts/December_2/e3FzUoxF">December 2</a> – <a href="/facts/John_of_Ruysbroeck/PndHp5Rk">John of Ruysbroeck</a>, Flemish mystic</li> <li><a href="/facts/December_27/dl1DKXF7">December 27</a> – <a href="/facts/Edmund_Mortimer,_3rd_Earl_of_March/hzjsRAwF">Edmund Mortimer, 3rd Earl of March</a>, English politician</li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Brook, Timothy (1998). The Confusions of Pleasure: Commerce and Culture in Ming China. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-22154-3. <a href="/wiki/Timothy_Brook" target="_blank">/wiki/Timothy_Brook</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"Saint Colette | Biography & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved April 29, 2022. <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Colette" target="_blank">https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Colette</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>"Saint Catherine of Sweden | Swedish saint". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved March 18, 2019. <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Catherine-of-Sweden" target="_blank">https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Catherine-of-Sweden</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>