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Paucituberculata
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<h2 id="classification">Classification</h2> <p>It is one of two clades of <a href="/facts/Ameridelphia/G4j2A8BV">Ameridelphia</a>, a <a href="/facts/Paraphyletic/tmTWjACz">paraphyletic</a> group; genetic studies have shown these animals to be a <a href="/facts/Sister_group/pNNuVex4">sister group</a> to <a href="/facts/Australidelphia/gCCyVJ9w">Australidelphia</a> (i.e., <a href="/facts/Didelphimorphia/UEhq5mkq">Didelphimorphia</a> branched off first).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> However, other studies have shown that shrew opossums branched off first, and thus <a href="/facts/Didelphimorphia/UEhq5mkq">Didelphimorphia</a> is the sister group of Australidelphia.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> </p><p>The Paucituberculata were once considered to be closely related to South American <a href="/facts/Polydolopimorph/XuSnx7oT">polydolopimorph</a> metatherians, however phylogenetic analyses have found this is not true.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> </p> <h3>Subdivision</h3> <p>The order is subdivided into:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a> </p> <table><tbody><tr><td>Phylogeny of Paucituberculata<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p>†<i>Bardalestes</i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p>†<i>Fieratherium</i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p>†<i>Evolestes</i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td><a href="/facts/Caenolestidae/mbPvAKN5">Caenolestidae</a></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p>†<i>Stilotherium</i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p>†<i>Gaimanlestes</i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p>†<i>Pliolestes</i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p>†<i>Caenolestoides</i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><i><a href="/facts/Lestoros/WPBBwrxu">Lestoros</a></i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><i><a href="/facts/Rhyncholestes/HYMd3jhR">Rhyncholestes</a></i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><i><a href="/facts/Caenolestes/evrIugVC">Caenolestes</a></i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td>†Palaeothentoidea</td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td>†Pichipilidae</td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p>†<i>Phonocdromus</i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p>†<i>Pichipilus</i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p>†<i>Perulestes</i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p>†<i>Sasawatsu</i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p>†<i>Palaeothentes boliviensis</i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p>†<i>Pilchenia</i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td>†Abderitidae</td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p>†<i>Parabderites</i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p>†<i>Pitheculites</i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p>†<i>Abderites</i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td>†Palaeothentidae</td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p>†<i>Trelewthentes</i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p>†<i>Titanothentes</i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p>†<i>Acdestis</i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p>†<i>Carlothentes</i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p>†<i>Antawallathentes</i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p>†<i>Palaepanorthus</i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p>†<i>Palaeothentes</i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li>†<i>Bardalestes</i> Goin et al. 2009<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a></li> <li>†<i>Evolestes</i> Goin et al. 2007</li> <li>†<i>Fieratherium</i> Forasiepi et al. 2013</li> <li>†<i>Riolestes</i> Goin et al. 2009<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a></li> <li>Superfamily Caenolestoidea <a href="/facts/%C3%89douard_Louis_Trouessart/B7DoGBHu">Trouessart</a> 1898 <ul><li>Family <a href="/facts/Caenolestidae/mbPvAKN5">Caenolestidae</a> Trouessart 1898 <ul><li><i><a href="/facts/Caenolestes/evrIugVC">Caenolestes</a></i> Thomas 1895</li> <li>†<i>Caenolestoides</i> Arbello, Martin & Cardoso 2021</li> <li>†<i>Gaimanlestes</i> Arbello, Martin & Cardoso 2021</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Lestoros/WPBBwrxu">Lestoros</a></i> Oehser 1934</li> <li>†<i>Pliolestes</i> Reig 1955</li> <li>†<i>Pseudhalmarhiphus</i> Ameghino 1903</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Rhyncholestes/HYMd3jhR">Rhyncholestes</a></i> Osgood 1924</li> <li>†<i>Stilotherium</i> <a href="/facts/Florentino_Ameghino/W418QUmx">Ameghino</a> 1887</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Superfamily †Palaeothentoidea Goin et al. 2009<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a> <ul><li>†<i>Perulestes</i> Goin & Candela 2004</li> <li>†<i>Pilchenia</i> Ameghino 1903</li> <li>†<i>Sasawatsu</i> Goin & Candela 2004</li> <li>Family †Pichipilidae Marshall 1980 <ul><li>†<i>Phonocdromus</i> Ameghino 1894</li> <li>†<i>Pichipilus</i> Ameghino 1890</li> <li>†<i>Quirogalestes</i> Goin & Candela 1998</li></ul></li> <li>Family †Abderitidae Ameghino 1889 <ul><li>†<i>Abderites</i> Ameghino 1887</li> <li>†<i>Parabderites</i> Ameghino 1902</li> <li>†<i>Pitheculites</i> Ameghino 1902</li></ul></li> <li>Family †Palaeothentidae Sinclair 1906 <ul><li>†<i>Chimeralestes</i> Engelman et al. 2017<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a></li> <li>†<i>Hondathentes</i> Dumont & Brown 1997<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a></li> <li>Subfamily †Palaeothentinae Sinclair 1906<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a> <ul><li>†<i>Antawallathentes</i> Rincón et al. 2015<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a></li> <li>†<i>Carlothentes</i> Bown & Fleagle 1993</li> <li>†<i>Palaeothentes</i> Ameghino 1887</li> <li>†<i>Palaepanorthus</i> Ameghino 1902</li> <li>†<i>Propalaeothentes</i> Bown & Fleagle 1993</li></ul></li> <li>Subfamily †Acdestinae Bown & Fleagle 1993 <ul><li>†<i>Acdestis</i> Ameghino 1887</li> <li>†<i>Acdestoides</i> Bown & Fleagle 1993</li> <li>†<i>Acdestodon</i> Bown & Fleagle 1993</li> <li>†<i>Titanothentes</i> Rae, Bown & Fleagle 1996</li> <li>†<i>Trelewthentes</i> Bown & Fleagle 1993</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/List_of_mammal_genera/PMBTM6u2">List of mammal genera</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/List_of_prehistoric_mammals/xFCT1mpS">List of prehistoric mammals</a></li></ul> <ul> <li>Mammals portal</li><li>Paleontology portal</li><li>Prehistoric mammals portal</li></ul> <h3>Bibliography</h3> <ul><li>Abello, María Alejandra (2007). <a href="http://naturalis.fcnym.unlp.edu.ar/repositorio/_documentos/tesis/tesis_0942.pdf"><i>Sistemática y bioestratigrafía de los Paucituberculata (Mammalia, Marsupialia) del Cenozoico de América del Sur</i></a> (PDF) (PhD thesis). <a href="/facts/National_University_of_La_Plata/puL75swR">Universidad Nacional de La Plata</a>. pp. 1–438. Retrieved 2017-10-20.</li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Abello, María A. (2013). "Analysis of dental homologies and phylogeny of Paucituberculata (Mammalia: Marsupialia)". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 109 (2): 441–465. doi:10.1111/bij.12048. hdl:11336/13571. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fbij.12048" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fbij.12048</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Engelman, Russell K.; Anaya, Federico; Croft, Darin A. (2017). "New palaeothentid marsupials (Paucituberculata) from the middle Miocene of Quebrada Honda, Bolivia and their implications for the palaeoecology, decline, and extinction of the Palaeothentoidea". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 15 (10): 787–820. doi:10.1080/14772019.2016.1240112. S2CID 88758358. <a href="https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/New_palaeothentid_marsupials_Paucituberculata_from_the_middle_Miocene_of_Quebrada_Honda_Bolivia_and_their_implications_for_the_palaeoecology_decline_and_extinction_of_the_Palaeothentoidea/4216506" target="_blank">https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/New_palaeothentid_marsupials_Paucituberculata_from_the_middle_Miocene_of_Quebrada_Honda_Bolivia_and_their_implications_for_the_palaeoecology_decline_and_extinction_of_the_Palaeothentoidea/4216506</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Goin, Francisco J.; Candela, Adriana M.; Abello, M. Alejandra; Oliveira, Edison V. (2009). "Earliest South American paucituberculatans and their significance in the understanding of 'pseudodiprotodont' marsupial radiations". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 155 (4): 867–884. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00471.x. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1096-3642.2008.00471.x" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1096-3642.2008.00471.x</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Engelman, Russell K.; Anaya, Federico; Croft, Darin A. (2017). "New palaeothentid marsupials (Paucituberculata) from the middle Miocene of Quebrada Honda, Bolivia and their implications for the palaeoecology, decline, and extinction of the Palaeothentoidea". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 15 (10): 787–820. doi:10.1080/14772019.2016.1240112. S2CID 88758358. <a href="https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/New_palaeothentid_marsupials_Paucituberculata_from_the_middle_Miocene_of_Quebrada_Honda_Bolivia_and_their_implications_for_the_palaeoecology_decline_and_extinction_of_the_Palaeothentoidea/4216506" target="_blank">https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/New_palaeothentid_marsupials_Paucituberculata_from_the_middle_Miocene_of_Quebrada_Honda_Bolivia_and_their_implications_for_the_palaeoecology_decline_and_extinction_of_the_Palaeothentoidea/4216506</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Schiewe, Jessie (2010-07-28). "Australia's marsupials originated in what is now South America, study says". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 1 August 2010. Retrieved 2010-08-01. <a href="http://www.latimes.com/news/science/la-sci-marsupial-20100728,0,5549873.story" target="_blank">http://www.latimes.com/news/science/la-sci-marsupial-20100728,0,5549873.story</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Nilsson, M. A.; Churakov, G.; Sommer, M.; Van Tran, N.; Zemann, A.; Brosius, J.; Schmitz, J. (2010-07-27). "Tracking Marsupial Evolution Using Archaic Genomic Retroposon Insertions". PLOS Biology. 8 (7): e1000436. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1000436. PMC 2910653. PMID 20668664. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2910653" target="_blank">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2910653</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Upham, Nathan S.; Esselstyn, Jacob A.; Jetz, Walter (2019). "Inferring the mammal tree: Species-level sets of phylogenies for questions in ecology, evolution and conservation". PLOS Biol. 17 (12): e3000494. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000494. PMC 6892540. PMID 31800571. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6892540" target="_blank">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6892540</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Upham, Nathan S.; Esselstyn, Jacob A.; Jetz, Walter (2019). "DR_on4phylosCompared_linear_richCol_justScale_ownColors_withTips_80in" (PDF). PLOS Biology. 17 (12): e3000494. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000494. PMC 6892540. PMID 31800571. <a href="https://github.com/n8upham/MamPhy_v1/blob/master/Fig6_compare_tipDRs/DR_on4phylosCompared_linear_richCol_justScale_ownColors_withTips_80in.pdf" target="_blank">https://github.com/n8upham/MamPhy_v1/blob/master/Fig6_compare_tipDRs/DR_on4phylosCompared_linear_richCol_justScale_ownColors_withTips_80in.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Álvarez-Carretero, Sandra; Tamuri, Asif U.; Battini, Matteo; Nascimento, Fabrícia F.; Carlisle, Emily; Asher, Robert J.; Yang, Ziheng; Donoghue, Philip C.J.; dos Reis, Mario (2022). "A species-level timeline of mammal evolution integrating phylogenomic data". Nature. 602 (7896): 263–267. Bibcode:2022Natur.602..263A. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-04341-1. hdl:1983/de841853-d57b-40d9-876f-9bfcf7253f12. PMID 34937052. S2CID 245438816. <a href="https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/75979" target="_blank">https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/75979</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Álvarez-Carretero, Sandra; Tamuri, Asif U.; Battini, Matteo; Nascimento, Fabrícia F.; Carlisle, Emily; Asher, Robert J.; Yang, Ziheng; Donoghue, Philip C.J.; dos Reis, Mario (2022). "4705sp_colours_mammal-time.tree". Nature. 602 (7896): 263–267. Bibcode:2022Natur.602..263A. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-04341-1. hdl:1983/de841853-d57b-40d9-876f-9bfcf7253f12. PMID 34937052. S2CID 245438816. <a href="https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Data_for_A_Species-Level_Timeline_of_Mammal_Evolution_Integrating_Phylogenomic_Data_/14885691" target="_blank">https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Data_for_A_Species-Level_Timeline_of_Mammal_Evolution_Integrating_Phylogenomic_Data_/14885691</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Goin, Francisco J.; Candela, Adriana M.; Abello, M. Alejandra; Oliveira, Edison V. (2009). "Earliest South American paucituberculatans and their significance in the understanding of 'pseudodiprotodont' marsupial radiations". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 155 (4): 867–884. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00471.x. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1096-3642.2008.00471.x" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1096-3642.2008.00471.x</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Abello, 2007, p.410 <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Paucituberculata at Fossilworks.org <a href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=147534" target="_blank">https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=147534</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>Alejandra Abello, María; Martin, Gabriel M.; Cardoso, Yamila (2021). "Review of the extinct 'shrew-opossums' (Marsupialia: Caenolestidae), with descriptions of two new genera and three new species from the Early Miocene of southern South America". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 193 (2): 464–498. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa165. <a href="https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/193/2/464/6088263" target="_blank">https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/193/2/464/6088263</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>Abello, María Alejandra; Toledo, Nestor; Ortiz-Jaureguizar, Edgardo (2018). "Evolution of South American Paucituberculata (Metatheria: Marsupialia): adaptive radiation and climate changes at the Eocene- Oligocene boundary" (PDF). Historical Biology. 32 (4): 476–493. doi:10.1080/08912963.2018.1502286. <a href="http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/bitstream/handle/10915/127161/Documento_completo.pdf-PDFA.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y" target="_blank">http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/bitstream/handle/10915/127161/Documento_completo.pdf-PDFA.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>Goin, Francisco J.; Candela, Adriana M.; Abello, M. Alejandra; Oliveira, Edison V. (2009). "Earliest South American paucituberculatans and their significance in the understanding of 'pseudodiprotodont' marsupial radiations". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 155 (4): 867–884. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00471.x. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1096-3642.2008.00471.x" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1096-3642.2008.00471.x</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>Goin, Francisco J.; Candela, Adriana M.; Abello, M. Alejandra; Oliveira, Edison V. (2009). "Earliest South American paucituberculatans and their significance in the understanding of 'pseudodiprotodont' marsupial radiations". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 155 (4): 867–884. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00471.x. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1096-3642.2008.00471.x" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1096-3642.2008.00471.x</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:18"><p>Palaeothentoidea at Fossilworks.org <a href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=246326" target="_blank">https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=246326</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:19"><p>Engelman, Russell K.; Anaya, Federico; Croft, Darin A. (2017). "New palaeothentid marsupials (Paucituberculata) from the middle Miocene of Quebrada Honda, Bolivia and their implications for the palaeoecology, decline, and extinction of the Palaeothentoidea". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 15 (10): 787–820. doi:10.1080/14772019.2016.1240112. S2CID 88758358. <a href="https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/New_palaeothentid_marsupials_Paucituberculata_from_the_middle_Miocene_of_Quebrada_Honda_Bolivia_and_their_implications_for_the_palaeoecology_decline_and_extinction_of_the_Palaeothentoidea/4216506" target="_blank">https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/New_palaeothentid_marsupials_Paucituberculata_from_the_middle_Miocene_of_Quebrada_Honda_Bolivia_and_their_implications_for_the_palaeoecology_decline_and_extinction_of_the_Palaeothentoidea/4216506</a> <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:20"><p>Hondathenthes at Fossilworks.org <a href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=268562" target="_blank">https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=268562</a> <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:21"><p>Paleothentidae at Fossilworks.org <a href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=268563" target="_blank">https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=268563</a> <a href="#fnref:21" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:22"><p>Rincón, Ascanio D.; Shockey, Bruce J.; Anaya, Federico; Solórzano, André (2015). "Palaeothentid Marsupials of the Salla Beds of Bolivia (Late Oligocene): Two New Species and Insights into the Post-Eocene Radiation of Palaeothentoids". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 22 (4): 455–471. doi:10.1007/s10914-015-9295-8. S2CID 2940122. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:22" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>