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Syntaxin 3
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<h2 id="function">Function</h2> <p>The <a href="/facts/Protein/Jxmagu3E">protein</a> encoded by this gene is a member of the <a href="/facts/Syntaxin/35y4hWCo">syntaxin</a> family of cellular receptors for transport <a href="/facts/Vesicle_(biology)/1KjHpjMM">vesicles</a> which participate in <a href="/facts/Exocytosis/4P4oQdtA">exocytosis</a> in <a href="/facts/Neutrophil/KL6oTt8b">neutrophils</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> STX3 has an important role in the growth of <a href="/facts/Neurite/A1dzfEKy">neurites</a> and serves as a direct target for omega-6 <a href="/facts/Arachidonic_acid/7fMTra6z">arachidonic acid</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> Mutations in Syntaxin 3 cause <a href="/facts/Microvillus_inclusion_disease/UVq6vAV3">Microvillus inclusion disease</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="interactions">Interactions</h2> <p>Syntaxin 3 has been shown to <a href="/facts/Protein-protein_interaction/etvm9Wmg">interact</a> with <a href="/facts/SNAP-25/GpaEror3">SNAP-25</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> <a href="/facts/SNAP23/vLNozIw4">SNAP23</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a> and <a href="/facts/SNAP29/uLv5UtmN">SNAP29</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="further-reading">Further reading</h2> <ul><li>Ibaraki K, Horikawa HP, Morita T, Mori H, Sakimura K, Mishina M, Saisu H, Abe T (1995). "Identification of four different forms of syntaxin 3". <i>Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun</i>. 211 (3): 997–1005. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1006%2Fbbrc.1995.1910">10.1006/bbrc.1995.1910</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7598732">7598732</a>.</li> <li>Hata Y, Südhof TC (1995). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.270.22.13022">"A novel ubiquitous form of Munc-18 interacts with multiple syntaxins. Use of the yeast two-hybrid system to study interactions between proteins involved in membrane traffic"</a>. <i>J. Biol. Chem</i>. 270 (22): 13022–8. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.270.22.13022">10.1074/jbc.270.22.13022</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7768895">7768895</a>.</li> <li>Li C, Ullrich B, Zhang JZ, Anderson RG, Brose N, Südhof TC (1995). "Ca(2+)-dependent and -independent activities of neural and non-neural synaptotagmins". <i>Nature</i>. 375 (6532): 594–9. <a href="/facts/Bibcode_(identifier)/9HtdQSGB">Bibcode</a>:<a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1995Natur.375..594L">1995Natur.375..594L</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F375594a0">10.1038/375594a0</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7791877">7791877</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4265549">4265549</a>.</li> <li>Morgans CW, Brandstätter JH, Kellerman J, Betz H, Wässle H (1996). <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6579260">"A SNARE complex containing syntaxin 3 is present in ribbon synapses of the retina"</a>. <i>J. Neurosci</i>. 16 (21): 6713–21. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1523%2FJNEUROSCI.16-21-06713.1996">10.1523/JNEUROSCI.16-21-06713.1996</a>. <a href="/facts/PMC_(identifier)/dX1zMt71">PMC</a> <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6579260">6579260</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8824312">8824312</a>.</li> <li>Tellam JT, Macaulay SL, McIntosh S, Hewish DR, Ward CW, James DE (1997). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.272.10.6179">"Characterization of Munc-18c and syntaxin-4 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Putative role in insulin-dependent movement of GLUT-4"</a>. <i>J. Biol. Chem</i>. 272 (10): 6179–86. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.272.10.6179">10.1074/jbc.272.10.6179</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9045631">9045631</a>.</li> <li>Delgrossi MH, Breuza L, Mirre C, Chavrier P, Le Bivic A (1997). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1242%2Fjcs.110.18.2207">"Human syntaxin 3 is localized apically in human intestinal cells"</a>. <i>J. Cell Sci</i>. 110 (18): 2207–14. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1242%2Fjcs.110.18.2207">10.1242/jcs.110.18.2207</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9378770">9378770</a>.</li> <li>Galli T, Zahraoui A, Vaidyanathan VV, Raposo G, Tian JM, Karin M, Niemann H, Louvard D (1998). <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC25366">"A novel tetanus neurotoxin-insensitive vesicle-associated membrane protein in SNARE complexes of the apical plasma membrane of epithelial cells"</a>. <i>Mol. Biol. Cell</i>. 9 (6): 1437–48. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1091%2Fmbc.9.6.1437">10.1091/mbc.9.6.1437</a>. <a href="/facts/PMC_(identifier)/dX1zMt71">PMC</a> <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC25366">25366</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9614185">9614185</a>.</li> <li>Riento K, Galli T, Jansson S, Ehnholm C, Lehtonen E, Olkkonen VM (1998). "Interaction of Munc-18-2 with syntaxin 3 controls the association of apical SNAREs in epithelial cells". <i>J. Cell Sci</i>. 111 (17): 2681–8. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1242%2Fjcs.111.17.2681">10.1242/jcs.111.17.2681</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9701566">9701566</a>.</li> <li>Steegmaier M, Yang B, Yoo JS, Huang B, Shen M, Yu S, Luo Y, Scheller RH (1998). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.273.51.34171">"Three novel proteins of the syntaxin/SNAP-25 family"</a>. <i>J. Biol. Chem</i>. 273 (51): 34171–9. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.273.51.34171">10.1074/jbc.273.51.34171</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9852078">9852078</a>.</li> <li>Martín-Martín B, Nabokina SM, Lazo PA, Mollinedo F (1999). "Co-expression of several human syntaxin genes in neutrophils and differentiating HL-60 cells: variant isoforms and detection of syntaxin 1". <i>J. Leukoc. Biol</i>. 65 (3): 397–406. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fjlb.65.3.397">10.1002/jlb.65.3.397</a>. <a href="/facts/Hdl_(identifier)/rdebSxmC">hdl</a>:<a href="https://hdl.handle.net/10261%2F59829">10261/59829</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10080545">10080545</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:18988377">18988377</a>.</li> <li>Fasshauer D, Antonin W, Margittai M, Pabst S, Jahn R (1999). <a href="http://pubman.mpdl.mpg.de/pubman/item/escidoc:600498/component/escidoc:2224261/600498.pdf">"Mixed and non-cognate SNARE complexes. Characterization of assembly and biophysical properties"</a> (PDF). <i>J. Biol. Chem</i>. 274 (22): 15440–6. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.274.22.15440">10.1074/jbc.274.22.15440</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10336434">10336434</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:2555394">2555394</a>.</li> <li>Thomas DM, Ferguson GD, Herschman HR, Elferink LA (1999). <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC25443">"Functional and biochemical analysis of the C2 domains of synaptotagmin IV"</a>. <i>Mol. Biol. Cell</i>. 10 (7): 2285–95. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1091%2Fmbc.10.7.2285">10.1091/mbc.10.7.2285</a>. <a href="/facts/PMC_(identifier)/dX1zMt71">PMC</a> <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC25443">25443</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10397765">10397765</a>.</li> <li>Riento K, Kauppi M, Keranen S, Olkkonen VM (2000). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.275.18.13476">"Munc18-2, a functional partner of syntaxin 3, controls apical membrane trafficking in epithelial cells"</a>. <i>J. Biol. Chem</i>. 275 (18): 13476–83. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.275.18.13476">10.1074/jbc.275.18.13476</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10788461">10788461</a>.</li> <li>Kauppi M, Wohlfahrt G, Olkkonen VM (2002). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.M208315200">"Analysis of the Munc18b-syntaxin binding interface. Use of a mutant Munc18b to dissect the functions of syntaxins 2 and 3"</a>. <i>J. Biol. Chem</i>. 277 (46): 43973–9. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.M208315200">10.1074/jbc.M208315200</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12198139">12198139</a>.</li> <li>Imai A, Nashida T, Yoshie S, Shimomura H (2003). "Intracellular localisation of SNARE proteins in rat parotid acinar cells: SNARE complexes on the apical plasma membrane". <i>Arch. Oral Biol</i>. 48 (8): 597–604. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0003-9969%2803%2900116-X">10.1016/S0003-9969(03)00116-X</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12828989">12828989</a>.</li> <li>Bandyopadhyay BC, Swaim WD, Liu X, Redman RS, Patterson RL, Ambudkar IS (2005). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.M410013200">"Apical localization of a functional TRPC3/TRPC6-Ca2+-signaling complex in polarized epithelial cells. Role in apical Ca2+ influx"</a>. <i>J. Biol. Chem</i>. 280 (13): 12908–16. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.M410013200">10.1074/jbc.M410013200</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15623527">15623527</a>.</li> <li>Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". <i>Nature</i>. 437 (7062): 1173–8. <a href="/facts/Bibcode_(identifier)/9HtdQSGB">Bibcode</a>:<a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005Natur.437.1173R">2005Natur.437.1173R</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature04209">10.1038/nature04209</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16189514">16189514</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4427026">4427026</a>.</li> <li>Low SH, Vasanji A, Nanduri J, He M, Sharma N, Koo M, Drazba J, Weimbs T (2006). <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1356605">"Syntaxins 3 and 4 are concentrated in separate clusters on the plasma membrane before the establishment of cell polarity"</a>. <i>Mol. Biol. Cell</i>. 17 (2): 977–89. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1091%2Fmbc.E05-05-0462">10.1091/mbc.E05-05-0462</a>. <a href="/facts/PMC_(identifier)/dX1zMt71">PMC</a> <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1356605">1356605</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16339081">16339081</a>.</li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Ibaraki K, Horikawa HP, Morita T, Mori H, Sakimura K, Mishina M, Saisu H, Abe T (June 1995). "Identification of four different forms of syntaxin 3". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 211 (3): 997–1005. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1995.1910. PMID 7598732. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Martín-Martín B, Nabokina SM, Lazo PA, Mollinedo F (March 1999). "Co-expression of several human syntaxin genes in neutrophils and differentiating HL-60 cells: variant isoforms and detection of syntaxin 1". J. Leukoc. Biol. 65 (3): 397–406. doi:10.1002/jlb.65.3.397. hdl:10261/59829. PMID 10080545. S2CID 18988377. Archived from the original on 2005-02-27. Retrieved 2008-08-13. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050227080918/http://www.jleukbio.org/cgi/content/abstract/65/3/397" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20050227080918/http://www.jleukbio.org/cgi/content/abstract/65/3/397</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>"Entrez Gene: STX3 syntaxin 3". <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6809" target="_blank">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6809</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Martín-Martín B, Nabokina SM, Lazo PA, Mollinedo F (March 1999). "Co-expression of several human syntaxin genes in neutrophils and differentiating HL-60 cells: variant isoforms and detection of syntaxin 1". J. Leukoc. Biol. 65 (3): 397–406. doi:10.1002/jlb.65.3.397. hdl:10261/59829. PMID 10080545. S2CID 18988377. Archived from the original on 2005-02-27. Retrieved 2008-08-13. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050227080918/http://www.jleukbio.org/cgi/content/abstract/65/3/397" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20050227080918/http://www.jleukbio.org/cgi/content/abstract/65/3/397</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Darios F, Davletov B (April 2006). "Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids stimulate cell membrane expansion by acting on syntaxin 3". Nature. 440 (7085): 813–7. Bibcode:2006Natur.440..813D. doi:10.1038/nature04598. PMID 16598260. S2CID 4411524. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Wiegerinck CL, Janecke AR, Schneeberger K, Vogel GF, van Haaften-Visser DY, Escher JC, Adam R, Thöni CE, Pfaller K, Jordan AJ, Weis CA, Nijman IJ, Monroe GR, van Hasselt PM, Cutz E, Klumperman J, Clevers H, Nieuwenhuis EE, Houwen RH, van Haaften G, Hess MW, Huber LA, Stapelbroek JM, Müller T, Middendorp S (2014). "Loss of syntaxin 3 causes variant microvillus inclusion disease". Gastroenterology. 147 (1): 65–68.e10. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2014.04.002. PMID 24726755. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1053%2Fj.gastro.2014.04.002" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1053%2Fj.gastro.2014.04.002</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Hata Y, Südhof TC (Jun 1995). "A novel ubiquitous form of Munc-18 interacts with multiple syntaxins. Use of the yeast two-hybrid system to study interactions between proteins involved in membrane traffic". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (22): 13022–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.22.13022. PMID 7768895. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.270.22.13022" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.270.22.13022</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Ravichandran V, Chawla A, Roche PA (Jun 1996). "Identification of a novel syntaxin- and synaptobrevin/VAMP-binding protein, SNAP-23, expressed in non-neuronal tissues". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (23): 13300–3. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.23.13300. PMID 8663154. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.271.23.13300" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.271.23.13300</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Steegmaier M, Yang B, Yoo JS, Huang B, Shen M, Yu S, Luo Y, Scheller RH (Dec 1998). "Three novel proteins of the syntaxin/SNAP-25 family". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (51): 34171–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.51.34171. PMID 9852078. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.273.51.34171" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.273.51.34171</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Ravichandran V, Chawla A, Roche PA (Jun 1996). "Identification of a novel syntaxin- and synaptobrevin/VAMP-binding protein, SNAP-23, expressed in non-neuronal tissues". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (23): 13300–3. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.23.13300. PMID 8663154. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.271.23.13300" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.271.23.13300</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Steegmaier M, Yang B, Yoo JS, Huang B, Shen M, Yu S, Luo Y, Scheller RH (Dec 1998). "Three novel proteins of the syntaxin/SNAP-25 family". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (51): 34171–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.51.34171. PMID 9852078. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.273.51.34171" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.273.51.34171</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Imai A, Nashida T, Yoshie S, Shimomura H (Aug 2003). "Intracellular localisation of SNARE proteins in rat parotid acinar cells: SNARE complexes on the apical plasma membrane". Arch. Oral Biol. 48 (8): 597–604. doi:10.1016/S0003-9969(03)00116-X. PMID 12828989. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Araki S, Tamori Y, Kawanishi M, Shinoda H, Masugi J, Mori H, Niki T, Okazawa H, Kubota T, Kasuga M (May 1997). "Inhibition of the binding of SNAP-23 to syntaxin 4 by Munc18c". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 234 (1): 257–62. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.6560. hdl:20.500.14094/D2002245. PMID 9168999. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>Steegmaier M, Yang B, Yoo JS, Huang B, Shen M, Yu S, Luo Y, Scheller RH (Dec 1998). "Three novel proteins of the syntaxin/SNAP-25 family". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (51): 34171–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.51.34171. PMID 9852078. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.273.51.34171" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.273.51.34171</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>