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Cordia
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<h2 id="taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2> <p>The taxonomy of <i>Cordia</i> is complex and controversial. Gottschling et al. (2005) say this is partly due to "extraordinarily high intraspecific variability" in some groups of species, making identification difficult, and partly due to new taxa having been "airily described on the basis of poorly preserved herbarium specimens".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> </p> <h3>Selected species</h3> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/List_of_Cordia_species/eVv8P36D">List of <i>Cordia</i> species</a></p> <ul><li><i><a href="/facts/Cordia_africana/1ESxAEwI">Cordia africana</a></i> Lam. – White manjack</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Cordia_alliodora/o2Hss7Lh">Cordia alliodora</a></i> (<a href="/facts/Ruiz_y_Pav%C3%B3n/jxCKpCnM">Ruiz & Pav.</a>) <a href="/facts/Lorenz_Oken/ERNhMA89">Oken</a> – Spanish elm, Ecuador laurel, salmwood, bocote (<a href="/facts/Neotropical_realm/CHrCzFbK">Neotropics</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a></li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Cordia_boissieri/uaMy70gw">Cordia boissieri</a></i> <a href="/facts/Alphonse_Pyramus_de_Candolle/j1A71xU0">A.DC.</a> – Anacahuita, Texas olive (southern <a href="/facts/Texas/B987WHF0">Texas</a>, Northern <a href="/facts/Mexico/IT5bwhdh">Mexico</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Cordia_curassavica/BLWMKgYW">Cordia curassavica</a></i> (Jacq.) Roem. & Schult. – Black sage, wild sage</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Cordia_dentata/cbUvnX2e">Cordia dentata</a></i> Poir. – White manjack</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Cordia_dichotoma/mCQA2F0N">Cordia dichotoma</a></i> G.Forst – Fragrant manjack, bird lime tree (Tropical Asia and <a href="/facts/Australasia/KCCr5pqh">Australasia</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a></li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Cordia_leucophlyctis/bpytlhNA">Cordia leucophlyctis</a></i> Hook f. – (endemic to the <a href="/facts/Gal%C3%A1pagos_Islands/pQ7g2hdN">Galápagos Islands</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Cordia_lutea/WXJYcsdC">Cordia lutea</a></i> Lam. – Yellow cordia (western South America, including the <a href="/facts/Gal%C3%A1pagos_Islands/pQ7g2hdN">Galápagos Islands</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Cordia_monoica/MJtHMHrX">Cordia monoica</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Cordia_myxa/Em7HF1Qe">Cordia myxa</a></i> L. – Assyrian plum (<a href="/facts/South_Asia/7gTqe3hY">South Asia</a>)<i><a href="/facts/Cordia_domestica/Em7HF1Qe">Cordia domestica</a></i> is treated as a separate species by some sources, and as <i>C. myxa</i> var. <i>domestica</i> by others.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> <i><a href="/facts/Cordia_obliqua/hMn7dtaf">Cordia obliqua</a></i> Willd. (the clammy cherry) has been placed in the "<i>Cordia myxa</i> complex",<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> or treated as a <a href="/facts/Synonym_(taxonomy)/BHLdox7E">synonym</a> for <i><a href="/facts/Cordia_dichotoma/mCQA2F0N">Cordia dichotoma</a></i>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a></li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Cordia_platythyrsa/KPTmjTRa">Cordia platythyrsa</a></i> Baker – West African cordia</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Cordia_rupicola/9el3LRtb">Cordia rupicola</a></i> Urban – Puerto Rico manjack (<a href="/facts/Puerto_Rico/jVStMyG4">Puerto Rico</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Cordia_sebestena/Rw0A79Mp">Cordia sebestena</a></i> L. – Geiger tree, large-leaf Geigertree (southern <a href="/facts/Florida/cF245A3Q">Florida</a>, <a href="/facts/Greater_Antilles/kaBemUwY">Greater Antilles</a>, <a href="/facts/Central_America/CXKgTuxC">Central America</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Cordia_sinensis/PT2NGsVd">Cordia sinensis</a></i> <a href="/facts/Jean-Baptiste_Lamarck/3lxaPmqM">Lam.</a> (=<i>C. gharaf</i>) – Grey-leafed saucerberry</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Cordia_subcordata/uS0zu691">Cordia subcordata</a></i> Lam. – <i>Kou</i>, <i>tou</i>, <i>marer</i> (<a href="/facts/Africa/XkqQUP9s">Africa</a>, <a href="/facts/South_Asia/7gTqe3hY">South Asia</a>, <a href="/facts/Southeast_Asia/VafwT517">Southeast Asia</a>, northern <a href="/facts/Australia/qLHpbppq">Australia</a>, <a href="/facts/Pacific_Islands/AxJ5sXWp">Pacific Islands</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Cordia_sulcata/FbqNKqHD">Cordia sulcata</a></i> DC. – Mucilage manjack, laylay, white manjack, wild clammy cherry</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Cordia_trichotoma/CaGefcaB">Cordia trichotoma</a></i> (Vell.) Arráb. ex Steud.</li></ul> <h3>Formerly placed here</h3> <ul><li><i><a href="/facts/Carmona_retusa/M9PkwBNa">Carmona retusa</a></i> (Vahl) Masam. (as <i>C. retusa</i> Vahl)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a></li></ul> <h2 id="ecology">Ecology</h2> <p><i>Cordia</i> species are used as food plants by the <a href="/facts/Caterpillar/PMgzj7F7">caterpillars</a> of some <a href="/facts/Lepidoptera/yPFPsQmL">Lepidoptera</a> species, such as <i><a href="/facts/Endoclita_malabaricus/j7XX4ghd">Endoclita malabaricus</a></i>, <i><a href="/facts/Bucculatrix_caribbea/ed71pWNW">Bucculatrix caribbea</a></i>, and <i><a href="/facts/Bucculatrix_cordiaella/RdNwsVpd">Bucculatrix cordiaella</a></i>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> The wild olive tortoise beetle (<i><a href="/facts/Physonota_alutacea/FKDPVL6J">Physonota alutacea</a></i>) feeds on <i><a href="/facts/Cordia_boissieri/uaMy70gw">C. boissieri</a></i>, <i><a href="/facts/Cordia_dentata/cbUvnX2e">C. dentata</a></i>, <i>C. inermis</i>, and <i>C. macrostachya</i>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="uses">Uses</h2> <h3>Ornamental</h3> <p>Many members of this genus have fragrant, showy <a href="/facts/Flower/7gI5Kefw">flowers</a> and are popular in <a href="/facts/Garden/HMvxMDLB">gardens</a>, although they are not especially hardy.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> </p> <h3>As food</h3> <p>A number of the tropical species have edible <a href="/facts/Fruit/PBpuzk60">fruits</a>, known by a wide variety of names including clammy cherries, glue berries, sebesten, or snotty gobbles. In <a href="/facts/India/1kKHcnxM">India</a>, the fruits of local species are used as a <a href="/facts/Vegetable/j3AlDG64">vegetable</a>, raw, cooked, or <a href="/facts/Indian_pickle/fct5xqRd">pickled</a>, and are known by many names, including <i>lasora</i> in <a href="/facts/Hindi/n1QIEeCC">Hindi</a>. One such species is fragrant manjack (<i><a href="/facts/Cordia_dichotoma/mCQA2F0N">C. dichotoma</a></i>), which is called <i>gunda</i> or <i>tenti dela</i> in Hindi and <i>lasura</i> in <a href="/facts/Bucculatrix/A7QGQzUt">Nepali</a>. The fruit of the fragrant manjack is called <i>phoà-pò·-chí</i> (破布子), 樹子仔, or 樹子(<a href="/facts/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB/D9XlKhn6">Pe̍h-ōe-jī</a>: chhiū-chí) in <a href="/facts/Taiwan/VcJoUD8w">Taiwan</a> where they are eaten <a href="/facts/Pickling/lKvv4uJA">pickled</a>. </p> <h3>Glue</h3> <p>The white, gooey inner pulp of the fruits is traditionally used to make glue. </p> <h3>Wood</h3> <p>The wood of several <i>Cordia</i> species is commercially harvested. Ecuador laurel (<i><a href="/facts/Cordia_alliodora/o2Hss7Lh">C. alliodora</a></i>), <i>ziricote</i> (<i><a href="/facts/Cordia_dodecandra/cQwgeKBq">C. dodecandra</a></i>), Spanish elm (<i>C. gerascanthus</i>), and <i>C. goeldiana</i> are used to make furniture and doors in Central and South America.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a> </p><p><i>Ziricote</i><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a> and <i>bocote</i><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> are sometimes used as <a href="/facts/Tonewood/w3cQm4YL">tonewoods</a> for making the backs and sides of high-end <a href="/facts/Acoustic_guitar/E9ITItBq">acoustic guitars</a> such as the <a href="/facts/Richard_Thompson_(musician)/UJsD5ElY">Richard Thompson</a> signature model from <a href="/facts/George_Lowden/l42SP1up">Lowden</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a> Similarly, <a href="/facts/Drum/YIPLomXA">drums</a> are made from <i><a href="/facts/Cordia_abyssinica/1ESxAEwI">C. abyssinica</a></i>, <i>C. millenii</i>, and <i><a href="/facts/Cordia_platythyrsa/KPTmjTRa">C. platythyrsa</a></i> due to the resonance of the wood.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a> </p> <h3>Smoking</h3> <p>Cordia leaves can be dried and used to smoke marijuana with.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="gallery">Gallery</h2> Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cordia. <a href="/facts/Wikispecies/b2GhA7Le">Wikispecies</a> has information related to <i>Cordia</i>. <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Cordia L. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 8 July 2024. <a href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003373-2" target="_blank">https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003373-2</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Quattrocchi, Umberto (2000). CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names: A-C. CRC Press. pp. 612–613. ISBN 978-0-8493-2675-2. <a href="978-0-8493-2675-2" target="_blank">978-0-8493-2675-2</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Gottschling, Marc; Miller, James S.; Weigend, Maximilian & Hilger, Hartmut H. (2005-10-01). "Congruence of a Phylogeny of Cordiaceae (Boraginales) Inferred from ITS1 Sequence Data with Morphology, Ecology, and Biogeography". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 92 (3): 425–437. JSTOR 40035480. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Grandtner, Miroslav M. (2005). Elsevier's Dictionary of Trees. Vol. 1. Elsevier. pp. 252–260. ISBN 978-0-444-51784-5. <a href="978-0-444-51784-5" target="_blank">978-0-444-51784-5</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>"Cordia dichotoma Forst. f." Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Plant Growth Facilities. University of Connecticut. 2009-10-06. Archived from the original on 2008-05-15. Retrieved 2009-10-20. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080515210142/http://florawww.eeb.uconn.edu/acc_num/198500500.html" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20080515210142/http://florawww.eeb.uconn.edu/acc_num/198500500.html</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>"Cordia domestica". The Plant List. Retrieved 2015-06-26. <a href="http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2736727" target="_blank">http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2736727</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>"Cordia obliqua". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2015-06-26. <a href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=11491" target="_blank">https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=11491</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>"Cordia obliqua". The Plant List. Retrieved 2015-06-26. <a href="http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2737055" target="_blank">http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2737055</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>"Species Records of Cordia". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-08-21. <a href="https://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?2921" target="_blank">https://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?2921</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Davis, Donald R.; Bernard Landry; Lazaro Roque-albelo (2002). "Two new Neotropical species of Bucculatrix leaf miners (Lepidoptera: Bucculatricidae) reared from Cordia (Boraginaceae)". Revue suisse de Zoologie. 109 (2): 277–294. doi:10.5962/bhl.part.79591. <a href="http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=13796205" target="_blank">http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=13796205</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Quinn, Mike. "Wild Olive Tortoise Beetle Physonota alutacea Boheman, 1854". Texas Beetle Information. Texas Entomology. Retrieved 2010-04-05. <a href="http://www.texasento.net/Physonota.htm" target="_blank">http://www.texasento.net/Physonota.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Bennett, Masha (2003). Pulmonarias and the Borage Family. Timber Press. pp. 196–198. ISBN 978-0-88192-589-0. <a href="978-0-88192-589-0" target="_blank">978-0-88192-589-0</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Bennett, Masha (2003). Pulmonarias and the Borage Family. Timber Press. pp. 196–198. ISBN 978-0-88192-589-0. <a href="978-0-88192-589-0" target="_blank">978-0-88192-589-0</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>http://www.lmii.com/CartTwo/thirdproducts.asp?CategoryName=+Backs+and+Sides&NameProdHeader=Ziricote Luthiers Mercantile page about Ziricote <a href="http://www.lmii.com/CartTwo/thirdproducts.asp?CategoryName=+Backs+and+Sides&NameProdHeader=Ziricote" target="_blank">http://www.lmii.com/CartTwo/thirdproducts.asp?CategoryName=+Backs+and+Sides&NameProdHeader=Ziricote</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>http://www.lmii.com/CartTwo/thirdproducts.asp?CategoryName=+Backs+and+Sides&NameProdHeader=Bocote Luthiers Mercantile page about Ziricote <a href="http://www.lmii.com/CartTwo/thirdproducts.asp?CategoryName=+Backs+and+Sides&NameProdHeader=Bocote" target="_blank">http://www.lmii.com/CartTwo/thirdproducts.asp?CategoryName=+Backs+and+Sides&NameProdHeader=Bocote</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>Presad, Anil (October 2009). "Richard Thompson" (PDF). Guitar Player: 50. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-06-10. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610003500/http://www.richardthompson-music.com/docs/Guitar%20Player.pdf" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20110610003500/http://www.richardthompson-music.com/docs/Guitar%20Player.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>Tudge, Colin (2007). The Tree. Random House. p. 237. ISBN 978-0-307-39539-9. <a href="978-0-307-39539-9" target="_blank">978-0-307-39539-9</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:18"><p>"Why leaf pre-rolled cones make the cleanest, tobacco-free blunts". Leafly. 2021-01-13. Retrieved 2021-01-14. <a href="https://www.leafly.com/news/strains-products/leaf-cones-make-cleanest-tobacco-free-blunts" target="_blank">https://www.leafly.com/news/strains-products/leaf-cones-make-cleanest-tobacco-free-blunts</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>