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Steam clock
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<h2 id="steam-clock-tavern">Steam Clock Tavern</h2> <p>In 1859, engineer and businessman <a href="/facts/John_Inshaw/SajAQV6T">John Inshaw</a> took over the <a href="/facts/Public_house/1vDaSw0H">public house</a> on the corner of Morville Street and Sherborne Street in <a href="/facts/Ladywood/w0gJrQLh">Ladywood</a>, Birmingham, UK. In a bid to make the establishment a talking point in the area, as well as furnishing it with various working models, Inshaw applied his interest in <a href="/facts/Steam_engine/f7hN8vzm">steam power</a> to construct a steam-powered clock as a feature. A small boiler made steam; the steam condensed into droplets of water that fell on a plate at regular intervals, and the plate then drove the mechanism. The clock was installed above the door, and the pub became known as the Steam Clock Tavern. The establishment was sufficiently successful that it became a <a href="/facts/Music_hall/Lo9b9pHK">music hall</a> in the 1880s.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="gastown-steam-clock">Gastown steam clock</h2> <p><a href="/facts/Raymond_Saunders_(clockmaker)/lz6GHWo8">Raymond Saunders</a>' first steam clock was built in 1977 at the corner of <a href="/facts/Cambie_Street/vvvcxxkG">Cambie</a> and <a href="/facts/Water_Street_(Vancouver)/DKIASN6M">Water</a> streets<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a> in Vancouver's Gastown neighbourhood. <a href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Steam_clock¶ms=49_17_04_N_123_06_32_W_region:CA-BC_type:landmark_source:dewiki">49°17′04″N 123°06′32″W / 49.28444°N 123.10889°W / 49.28444; -123.10889</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> It was built to cover a steam grate, part of Vancouver's distributed <a href="/facts/Steam/RDGCdmzT">steam</a> heating system, as a way to harness the steam and a means of masking Central Heat's sidewalk steam vent at the corner of Water Street and Cambie Street.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> Although the clock is now owned by the City of Vancouver, funding for the project, estimated to be about $58,000 CAD,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> was provided by contributions from local merchants, property owners, and private donors. Incorporating a steam engine and electric motors, the clock displays the time on four faces and announces the quarter hours with a whistle chime that plays the <a href="/facts/Westminster_Quarters/ab3HwAqw">Westminster Quarters</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> The clock produces a puff of steam from its top on the hour.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> The steam used is from a low pressure downtown-wide steam <a href="/facts/District_heating/Y5tAbmUW">heating network</a> (from a plant adjacent to the <a href="/facts/Georgia_Viaduct/QQTpskJl">Georgia Viaduct</a>) that powers a miniature <a href="/facts/Steam_engine/f7hN8vzm">steam engine</a> in its base, in turn driving a <a href="/facts/Chain_lift/jq7NWLIP">chain lift</a>. The chain lift moves steel balls upward, where they are unloaded and roll to a descending chain. The weight of the balls on the descending chain drives a conventional <a href="/facts/Pendulum_clock/R6uQYRNw">pendulum clock</a> <a href="/facts/Escapement/8AgmCy7C">escapement</a>, geared to the hands on the four faces. The steam also powers the clock's sound production, with <a href="/facts/Whistle/UIbmhlwN">whistles</a> being used instead of <a href="/facts/Bell_(instrument)/oU1E1JHg">bells</a> to produce the <a href="/facts/Westminster_Quarters/ab3HwAqw">Westminster "chime"</a> and to <a href="/facts/Time_signal/pL6EnjJL">signal the time</a>.</p><p>The steam engine that originally ran the clock is a Stuart #4 single expansion double acting 1" piston engine.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> This engine is still visible through the glass sides of the clock. However, owing to the clock's high noise levels and inability to keep accurate time, since 1986 the clock has been powered by an electric motor that was originally intended solely as a back-up system.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> </p><p>In October 2014, the clock was temporarily removed for major repairs by its original builder, and was reinstalled January 2015.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> </p><p>The clock appears on the cover of the <a href="/facts/Nickelback/BTykNAJC">Nickelback</a> album <i><a href="/facts/Here_and_Now_(Nickelback_album)/HjvXR3KH">Here and Now</a></i> and is also featured in a scene from the 1991 <a href="/facts/Chuck_Norris/wJCrKlds">Chuck Norris</a> action film <i><a href="/facts/The_Hitman/tG08Ioc4">The Hitman</a></i>. It also appears in the 2019 mobile game <i><a href="/facts/Mario_Kart_Tour/rhH91HLq">Mario Kart Tour</a></i> and the <a href="/facts/Nintendo_Switch/UPy7Bcyu">Nintendo Switch</a> game <i><a href="/facts/Mario_Kart_8_Deluxe/Ck0AAVkg">Mario Kart 8 Deluxe</a></i> as part of the "Vancouver Velocity" race course. </p> <h2 id="other-steam-clocks">Other steam clocks</h2> <h3>Indiana Steam Clock</h3> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Indiana_Steam_Clock/yp77ukUA">Indiana Steam Clock</a></p> <p>The 17-foot (5.2 m)–tall <a href="/facts/Indiana_State_Museum/mmtuMctG">Indiana State Museum</a> steam clock in <a href="/facts/Indianapolis/r8BQof9G">Indianapolis</a>, Indiana, is located on the sidewalk on the north side of the museum near the canal.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a> It has four 24-inch (61 cm) diameter dials that are backlit by neon. The clock’s eight brass whistles play a few notes of "<a href="/facts/Back_Home_Again_in_Indiana/p4vvPasQ">Back Home Again in Indiana</a>" every 15 minutes. A more complete rendition is played at the top of every hour.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a> </p> <h3>Chelsea Farmers' Market steam clock</h3> <p>The towering and quirky steam clock located at the Chelsea Farmers' Market was constructed in 1984. Although still standing, the clock is no longer in operation. </p> <h3>Jersey waterfront steamboat clock</h3> <p>The Jersey steam clock is a full-scale replica of the centre section of a <a href="/facts/Paddle_steamer/dzWzKhpT">paddle steamboat</a> named the <i>Ariadne</i>. The clock was commissioned by the Jersey Waterfront Board in 1996, and built by <a href="/facts/Smith_of_Derby_Group/Qch0KnpQ">Smith of Derby Group</a>. Although once powered by steam, according to a Jersey government document "the steam workings have been replaced with electrical fittings designed to provide the same functionality including the blowing of 'steam' at the appropriate times of the day." </p><p>The clock is sited on the North Quay of the harbour at <a href="/facts/St_Helier/Tpyo6cxL">St Helier</a>, <a href="/facts/Jersey/3lBLWgpg">Jersey</a>, and also incorporates a fountain. It is listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the World's largest steam clock. </p> <h3>Berwick steam clock</h3> <p>Located at <a href="/facts/Berwick%2c_Victoria/fovf3kG2">Berwick</a>, Australia, <a href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Steam_clock¶ms=38_1_43.74_S_145_20_53.12_E_&title=Berwick+steam+clock">38°1′43.74″S 145°20′53.12″E / 38.0288167°S 145.3480889°E / -38.0288167; 145.3480889 (Berwick steam clock)</a>. Designed and built by Peter Weare at his own expense, it is a half scale prototype for a larger clock proposed for <a href="/facts/Melbourne/EHY9YxI0">Melbourne</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> The clock was dismantled in December 2010 due to vandalism.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a> In December 2011, the City Council agreed to find a new site for the clock.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <ul><li> Media related to Steam clocks at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lGWj_Hw6EAI">Handheld video of the Gastown steam clock chiming the hour.</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.timhunkin.com/31_giant_steam_clock2.htm">Chelsea Farmers' Market steam clock</a> <ul><li><a href="http://www.timhunkin.com/86_steamposter.htm">Cartoon poster illustration of the Chelsea clock mechanism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iNFTN6XBIDE">Youtube video (in German) showing the Westminster Chimes</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9IU36uzCuoM">Vancouver Gastown Steam Clock video</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Upton, Chris. "John Inshaw's Steam Clock". Digital Ladywood. Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 17 September 2010. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110721040719/http://www.search.digital-ladywood.org.uk/engine/resource/exhibition/sequential/default.asp?theme=&originator=%2Fengine%2Ftheme%2Fdefault.asp&page=1&records=&direction=1&pointer=4659&text=0&resource=7666" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20110721040719/http://www.search.digital-ladywood.org.uk/engine/resource/exhibition/sequential/default.asp?theme=&originator=%2Fengine%2Ftheme%2Fdefault.asp&page=1&records=&direction=1&pointer=4659&text=0&resource=7666</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Fodor's (2006). Fodor's Pacific Northwest. Fodor's Travel Publications. pp. 532–. ISBN 978-1-4000-1652-5. <a href="978-1-4000-1652-5" target="_blank">978-1-4000-1652-5</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Leary-Owhin (26 February 2016). Exploring the Production of Urban Space: Differential Space in Three Post-industrial Cities. Policy Press. pp. 90–. ISBN 978-1-4473-0574-3. <a href="978-1-4473-0574-3" target="_blank">978-1-4473-0574-3</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>"Gastown Steam Clock Proposed Improvements ..." former.vancouver.ca. <a href="http://former.vancouver.ca/ctyclerk/cclerk//990311/pe2.htm" target="_blank">http://former.vancouver.ca/ctyclerk/cclerk//990311/pe2.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Robertson, Merv (February 25, 1999). "Administrative Report: RTS MP/ 00474". Former Website of the City of Vancouver. City of Vancouver [B.C., Canada]. Retrieved 1 January 2015. <a href="http://former.vancouver.ca/ctyclerk/cclerk//990311/pe2.htm" target="_blank">http://former.vancouver.ca/ctyclerk/cclerk//990311/pe2.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Dominique Auzias; Jean-Paul Labourdette (2015). Vancouver 2015 (avec cartes, photos + avis des lecteurs). Petit Futé. pp. 108–. ISBN 978-2-7469-8705-0. <a href="978-2-7469-8705-0" target="_blank">978-2-7469-8705-0</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Constance Brissenden (2012). Portrait of Vancouver. Heritage House Publishing Co. pp. 21–. ISBN 978-1-927051-35-1. <a href="978-1-927051-35-1" target="_blank">978-1-927051-35-1</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Fodor's (2006). Fodor's Pacific Northwest. Fodor's Travel Publications. pp. 532–. ISBN 978-1-4000-1652-5. <a href="978-1-4000-1652-5" target="_blank">978-1-4000-1652-5</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>"Geocaching - The Official Global GPS Cache Hunt Site". www.geocaching.com. <a href="http://www.geocaching.com/" target="_blank">http://www.geocaching.com/</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Stennett, Daryl R. (2011). Behind the Steam: The Inside Story of the Gastown Steam Clock. Pellucid Expressions Publishing. <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>"Gastown Steam Clock undergoes repairs". City of Vancouver. City of Vancouver (B.C., Canada). 2014-10-08. Retrieved 1 January 2015. The mechanical moving parts of the Steam Clock's device for loading the metal balls have worn over the last 37 years and can no longer be reliably maintained. Mechanical failures have been a common occurrence in the past year, and the proposed repairs to the ball loading device will restore reliability to the Steam Clock while maintaining its historical integrity. <a href="http://vancouver.ca/news-calendar/gastown-steam-clock-undergoes-repairs.aspx" target="_blank">http://vancouver.ca/news-calendar/gastown-steam-clock-undergoes-repairs.aspx</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Baker, Paula (2014-11-19). "Gastown landmark steam clock getting an overhaul". Global News. Shaw Media. Retrieved 1 January 2015. <a href="http://globalnews.ca/news/1682006/gastown-landmark-steam-clock-getting-an-overhaul/" target="_blank">http://globalnews.ca/news/1682006/gastown-landmark-steam-clock-getting-an-overhaul/</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Paul R. Wonning. Exploring Indiana's Historic Sites, Markers & Museums - Central Edition: Indiana Historic Travel Guide Book - Central Edition. Mossy Feet Books. pp. 79–. ISBN 978-1-310-03563-0. <a href="978-1-310-03563-0" target="_blank">978-1-310-03563-0</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>Emmis Communications (September 2006). Indianapolis Monthly. Emmis Communications. pp. 40–. ISSN 0899-0328. <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1QsDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA40" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=1QsDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA40</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>Foster, Tony (8 November 2007). "Berwick steam clock". Retrieved 17 September 2010. <a href="http://tonyforster.blogspot.com/2007/11/berwick-steam-clock.html" target="_blank">http://tonyforster.blogspot.com/2007/11/berwick-steam-clock.html</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>"Clock's time runs out". September 6, 2011. <a href="https://pakenham.starcommunity.com.au/gazette/2011-09-07/clocks-time-runs-out/" target="_blank">https://pakenham.starcommunity.com.au/gazette/2011-09-07/clocks-time-runs-out/</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>City of Casey, Minutes of the Council Meeting Tuesday 20 December 2011 <a href="http://www.casey.vic.gov.au/council/your-council/minutes-agendas/20-december-2011?minutes" target="_blank">http://www.casey.vic.gov.au/council/your-council/minutes-agendas/20-december-2011?minutes</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>