Silicon tetraiodide

<h2 id="synthesis-and-reactions">Synthesis and reactions</h2>
<p>This compound is produced by treating silicon-copper mixture with iodine:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a>
</p>
Si + I2 → SiI4
<p>It reacts quickly with water and moisture in the air.
</p><p>It can also be made on a large scale by reaction of silicon or <a href="/facts/Silicon_carbide/kQLVAYbr">silicon carbide</a> with iodine on heating to about 200 °C. Of more academic interest is the reaction of <a href="/facts/Silane/XNevDLgE">silane</a> with iodine vapour at 130 - 150 °C, as this produces a series of compounds ranging from <a href="/facts/Iodosilane/w6Q8djHU">iodosilane</a> SiH3I to diiodosilane SiH2I2 and triiodosilane SiHI3 as well. These compounds are colourless liquids at room temperature.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> The last one can be readily distinguished from the similar carbon compound, <a href="/facts/Iodoform/4px54h0s">iodoform</a> which is a yellow solid at room temperature.
</p>
<h2 id="comparison-with-other-six4-compounds">Comparison with other SiX4 compounds</h2>
<table><tbody><tr><th></th><th>SiH4</th><th>SiF4</th><th>SiCl4</th><th>SiBr4</th><th>SiI4</th></tr><tr><td>b.p. (˚C)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a></td><td>−111.9</td><td>−90.3</td><td>56.8</td><td>155.0</td><td>290.0</td></tr><tr><td>m.p. (˚C)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a></td><td>−185</td><td>−95.0</td><td>−68.8</td><td>5.0</td><td>155.0</td></tr><tr><td>Si-X bond length (Å)</td><td>>0.74 <a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a></td><td>1.55</td><td>2.02</td><td>2.20</td><td>2.43</td></tr><tr><td>Si-X bond energy (kJ/mol)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a></td><td>384</td><td>582</td><td>391</td><td>310</td><td>234</td></tr></tbody></table>

<h2 id="external-links">External links</h2>
<ul><li><a href="http://www.webelements.com/compounds/silicon/silicon_tetraiodide.html">webelements page</a></li></ul>

<h2 id="references">References</h2>

<ol>
<li id="fn:1"><p>Kolonits, Maria; Hargittai, Magdolna (1998). "Molecular Structure of Silicon Tetraiodide". Structural Chemistry. 9 (5): 349–352. doi:10.1023/A:1022462926682. S2CID 96658381. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:2"><p>Banerjee, Chiranjib; Wade, Casey R.; Soulet, Axel; Jursich, Gregory; McAndrew, James; Belot, John A. (2006). "Direct syntheses and complete characterization of halide-free tetrakis(dialkylamino)silanes". Inorganic Chemistry Communications. 9 (7): 761. doi:10.1016/j.inoche.2006.04.027. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:3"><p>P. W. Schenk (1963). "Silicon and Germanium". In G. Brauer (ed.). Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Vol. 2page=689. NY, NY: Academic Press. <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:4"><p>Greenwood, Norman  N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8. <a href="978-0-08-037941-8" target="_blank">978-0-08-037941-8</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:5"><p>Silicon Compounds, Silicon Halides. Collins, W.: Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology; John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2001. <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:6"><p>Silicon Compounds, Silicon Halides. Collins, W.: Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology; John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2001. <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:7"><p>"What is the bond length of the H-H bond?". Answers.com. <a href="https://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_bond_length_of_the_H-H_bond" target="_blank">https://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_bond_length_of_the_H-H_bond</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:8"><p>Ebsworth, E. A. V. In Volatile Silicon Compounds; Taube, H.; Maddock, A. G.; Inorganic Chemistry; Pergamon Press Book: New York, NY, 1963; Vol. 4. <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
</ol>

Silicon tetraiodide open-in-new

Silicon tetraiodide