Coldstream Guards

<h2 id="history">History</h2>
<h3>English Civil War</h3>
The origin of the Coldstream Guards lies in the <a href="/facts/English_Civil_War/lKXK3YXx">English Civil War</a> when <a href="/facts/Oliver_Cromwell/pyCDY3vk">Oliver Cromwell</a> gave Colonel <a href="/facts/George_Monck/0664Bjou">George Monck</a> permission to form his own regiment as part of the <a href="/facts/New_Model_Army/HtVjUITx">New Model Army</a>. Monck took men from the regiments of <a href="/facts/George_Fenwick_(Parliamentarian)/rE3hvTTU">George Fenwick</a> and <a href="/facts/Arthur_Haselrig/Khj3PBpA">Sir Arthur Haselrig</a>, five companies each, and on 13 August 1650 formed Monck's Regiment of Foot.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8">8</a> Less than two weeks later, this force took part in the <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Dunbar_(1650)/a9kCdJC2">Battle of Dunbar</a>, at which the <a href="/facts/Roundhead/8VCBEMF9">Roundheads</a> defeated the forces of <a href="/facts/Charles_II_of_England/Acc7cFtF">Charles Stuart</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9">9</a>
After <a href="/facts/Richard_Cromwell/xQbtfMHl">Richard Cromwell</a>'s abdication, Monck gave his support to the Stuarts, and on 1 January 1660 he crossed the <a href="/facts/River_Tweed/UM86BlCc">River Tweed</a> into <a href="/facts/England/U9mE5bGL">England</a> at the village of <a href="/facts/Coldstream/8buB6KW7">Coldstream</a>, from where he made a five-week march to <a href="/facts/London/KozCCsy9">London</a>. He arrived in London on 2 February and helped in <a href="/facts/English_Restoration/xdp8JnEc">the Restoration</a> of the monarchy. For his help, Monck was given the <a href="/facts/Order_of_the_Garter/no8AEJQP">Order of the Garter</a> and his regiment was assigned to keep order in London. However, the new parliament soon ordered his regiment to be disbanded along with all of the other regiments of the New Model Army.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10">10</a>
Before that could happen, Parliament was forced to rely on the help of the regiment against the rebellion by the <a href="/facts/Fifth_Monarchists/EserN7MU">Fifth Monarchists</a> led by <a href="/facts/Thomas_Venner/1cAbvvhq">Thomas Venner</a> on 6 January 1661. The regiment defeated the rebels and on 14 February the men of the regiment symbolically laid down their arms as part of the New Model Army and were immediately ordered to take them up again as a royal regiment of The Lord General's Regiment of Foot Guards, a part of the <a href="/facts/Household_Troops/TAJqPshp">Household Troops</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11">11</a>
The regiment was placed as the second senior regiment of Household Troops, as it entered the service of the Crown after the <a href="/facts/Grenadier_Guards/IpU2WplS">1st Regiment of Foot Guards</a>, but it answered to that by adopting the motto Nulli Secundus (Second to None) as the regiment is older than the senior regiment. The regiment always stands on the left of the line when on parade with the rest of the Foot Guards, so standing "second to none". When Monck died in 1670, the <a href="/facts/William_Craven,_1st_Earl_of_Craven_(1608%E2%80%931697)/cnjxJvEI">Earl of Craven</a> took command of the regiment and it adopted a new name, the Coldstream Regiment of Foot Guards.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12">12</a>

<h3>Overseas service (1685–1900)</h3>
The regiment saw active service in <a href="/facts/Flanders/JDsTRuR4">Flanders</a> and in the <a href="/facts/Monmouth_Rebellion/GG29dtLT">Monmouth Rebellion</a>, including the decisive <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Sedgemoor/6SN0pQns">Battle of Sedgemoor</a> in 1685. It fought in the <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Walcourt/IEntXf1J">Battle of Walcourt</a> in 1689, the <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Landen/Ig5zlM31">Battle of Landen</a> and the <a href="/facts/Siege_of_Namur_(1695)/UuWvpavK">Siege of Namur</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13">13</a>
In 1760, the 2nd Battalion was sent to Germany to campaign under Prince <a href="/facts/Ferdinand_of_Brunswick/LYJsPaG8">Ferdinand of Brunswick</a> and fought in the <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Wilhelmstal/k0QqX3Um">Battle of Wilhelmstal</a> and at the Castle of Amöneburg. Three Guards companies of 307 men under Coldstream commander Colonel <a href="/facts/Edward_Mathew/G2eYPylg">Edward Mathew</a> fought in the <a href="/facts/American_Revolutionary_War/8MxJNtcU">American Revolutionary War</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14">14</a>

The Coldstream Regiment saw extensive service in the wars against the <a href="/facts/French_Revolution/PIkDlrC0">French Revolution</a> and in the <a href="/facts/Napoleonic_Wars/jo0MdaTD">Napoleonic Wars</a>. Under the command of Sir <a href="/facts/Ralph_Abercrombie/2nAu14uG">Ralph Abercromby</a>, it defeated French troops in <a href="/facts/Egypt/8Ttg0JwB">Egypt</a>. In 1807, it took part in the <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Copenhagen_(1807)/7ee2DIns">investment of Copenhagen</a>. In January 1809, it sailed to <a href="/facts/Portugal/lYzwDQ63">Portugal</a> to join the forces under <a href="/facts/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington/kAYsMSkg">Sir Arthur Wellesley</a>. In 1814, it took part in the <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Bayonne/mT04GIsl">Battle of Bayonne</a>, in France, where a cemetery keeps their memory. The 2nd Battalion joined the <a href="/facts/Walcheren_Expedition/YzWzs5T0">Walcheren Expedition</a>. Later, it served as part of the 2nd Guards Brigade in the Chateau <a href="/facts/Hougoumont/v4uaJgxM">Hougoumont</a> where they resisted French assaults all day during the <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Waterloo/jmATjc2f">Battle of Waterloo</a>. This defence is considered one of the greatest achievements of the regiment, and an annual ceremony of "Hanging the Brick" is performed each year in the Sergeants' Mess to commemorate the efforts of <a href="/facts/James_Graham_(soldier)/D0MoE8jm">Cpl James Graham</a> and <a href="/facts/James_Macdonnell_(British_Army_officer)/nMKY93N8">Lt-Col James Macdonnell</a>, who shut the North Gate after a French attack.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15">15</a> <a href="/facts/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington/kAYsMSkg">The Duke of Wellington</a> himself declared after the battle that "the success of the battle turned upon closing the gates at Hougoumont".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16">16</a>
The regiment was later part of the British occupation forces of <a href="/facts/Paris/DrNHpwnA">Paris</a> until 1816.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17">17</a>
During the <a href="/facts/Crimean_War/v163wdr8">Crimean War</a>, the Coldstream Regiment fought in the battles of <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Alma/b3prK7Az">Alma</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Inkerman/gsRHCfns">Inkerman</a> and <a href="/facts/Siege_of_Sevastopol_(1854)/bw0IutWh">Sevastopol</a>. On its return, four men of the regiment were awarded the newly instituted <a href="/facts/Victoria_Cross/abfXKEQl">Victoria Cross</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18">18</a>
The regiment received its current name, the Coldstream Guards, in 1855. In 1882, it was sent to Egypt against the rebels of <a href="/facts/Ahmed_%27Urabi/eWjVmjSj">Ahmed 'Urabi</a> and in 1885 in the Suakin Campaign. In 1897, the Coldstreamers were reinforced with the addition of a 3rd battalion. The 1st and 2nd battalions were dispatched to <a href="/facts/South_Africa/vvXQpLgq">South Africa</a> at the outbreak of the <a href="/facts/Second_Boer_War/LSEc1IgQ">Second Boer War</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19">19</a> During the conflict, they would prove instrumental at the <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Belmont_(1899)/PYgwk3F4">Battle of Belmont</a>, and were also present at <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Graspan/leLLrDt8">Graspan</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Modder_River/yBdQWkfG">Modder River</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Magersfontein/UUFCVpyd">Magersfontein</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Driefontein/bvNvFt8w">Driefontein</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Diamond_Hill/BIMgKAa2">Diamond Hill</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Bergendal/5f1IT3aE">Belfast</a>, and were also involved in hunting <a href="/facts/Christiaan_de_Wet/G8qCBAWh">Christiaan de Wet</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20">20</a>

<h3>1900–present</h3>
At the outbreak of the <a href="/facts/World_War_I/vITTUanQ">First World War</a>, the Coldstream Guards was among the first British regiments to arrive in France after Britain declared war on Germany. In the following battles, it suffered heavy losses, in two cases losing all of its officers. At the <a href="/facts/First_Battle_of_Ypres/CzP0w2bx">First Battle of Ypres</a>, the 1st battalion was virtually annihilated: by 1 November down to 150 men and the Lt Quartermaster. The regiment fought at <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Mons/gLbpyGI5">Mons</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Loos/PM0431tt">Loos</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_the_Somme_(1916)/rdoFxbAM">the Somme</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Ginchy/sA6gmQSS">Ginchy</a> and in the <a href="/facts/3rd_Battle_of_Ypres/LCt3Q1Gy">3rd Battle of Ypres</a>. The regiment also formed the 4th (Pioneer) Battalion, which was disbanded after the war, in 1919. The 5th Reserve battalion never left Britain before it was disbanded.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21">21</a>

When the <a href="/facts/Second_World_War/2efV5L1U">Second World War</a> began, the 1st and 2nd battalions of the Coldstream Guards were part of the <a href="/facts/British_Expeditionary_Force_(World_War_II)/R7fPuxSs">British Expeditionary Force</a> (BEF) in France;<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22">22</a> whilst the 3rd Battalion was on overseas service in the Middle East. Additional 4th and 5th battalions were also formed for the duration of the war. They fought extensively, as part of the <a href="/facts/Guards_Armoured_Division/B6QIPbpN">Guards Armoured Division</a>, in <a href="/facts/North_African_Campaign/nDYFvCVF">North Africa</a> and Europe as dismounted infantry. The 4th battalion first became a motorized battalion in 1940 and then an armoured battalion in 1943.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23">23</a>
Coldstreamers gave up their tanks at the end of the war, the new battalions were disbanded, and the troops distributed to the 1st and 2nd Guard Training Battalions.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24">24</a>
After the war, the 1st and 3rd battalions served in <a href="/facts/Mandatory_Palestine/mv0NGUBy">Palestine</a>. The 2nd battalion served in the <a href="/facts/Malayan_Emergency/zRPXV1E6">Malayan Emergency</a>. The 3rd battalion was placed in suspended animation in 1959. The remaining battalions served during the <a href="/facts/Mau_Mau_rebellion/6zEzuphN">Mau Mau rebellion</a> from 1959 to 1962, in <a href="/facts/Aden/E9yPNaIj">Aden</a> in 1964, in <a href="/facts/Mauritius/lVUARna5">Mauritius</a> in 1965, in the <a href="/facts/Turkish_invasion_of_Cyprus/Vp4xRPQd">Turkish invasion of Cyprus</a> in 1974 and several times in <a href="/facts/Northern_Ireland/Jmr0NRyl">Northern Ireland</a> after 1969.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25">25</a>
The Regimental Band of the Coldstream Guards was the first act on stage at the <a href="/facts/Wembley/zp8L530o">Wembley</a> leg of the 1985 <a href="/facts/Live_Aid/YEF8JQRX">Live Aid</a> charity concert. It played for the <a href="/facts/Charles,_Prince_of_Wales/EJItVkdz">Prince</a> and <a href="/facts/Princess_Diana/nNq36PRL">Princess of Wales</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26">26</a>
In 1991, the 1st battalion was dispatched to the first <a href="/facts/Gulf_War/6LdLnGdo">Gulf War</a>, where it was involved in prisoner of war handling and other roles. In 1993, due to <a href="/facts/Options_for_Change/tENDIYh1">defence cutbacks</a>, the 2nd battalion was placed in suspended animation.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27">27</a>
For much of the 1990s, the 1st Battalion was stationed in <a href="/facts/M%C3%BCnster/d3Ne8XxY">Münster</a>, Germany, in the Armoured Infantry Role with Warrior APCs as part of the <a href="/facts/British_4th_Armoured_Brigade/psActXUp">4th Armoured Brigade</a>. In 1993–1994, the battalion served as an armoured infantry battalion in peacekeeping duties in <a href="/facts/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina/jNVA1gPB">Bosnia</a> as part of <a href="/facts/UNPROFOR/NKlUsHAu">UNPROFOR</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28">28</a>

The battalion was posted to <a href="/facts/Derry/z0uINMsC">Derry</a>, Northern Ireland, on a two-year deployment in 2001. It then deployed to Iraq in April 2005 for a six-month tour with the rest of 12th Mechanised Brigade, based in the south of the country. The battalion lost two of its soldiers, on 2 May, near <a href="/facts/Al_Amarah/EpNxs6rM">Al Amarah</a> and on 18 October at <a href="/facts/Basra/eA5CacwL">Basra</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29">29</a>
<a href="/facts/Des_Browne/F331AWd4">Des Browne</a>, <a href="/facts/Secretary_of_State_for_Defence/uRI9PPnK">Secretary of State for Defence</a>, announced on 19 July 2007 that in October 2007 the battalion was to be sent to <a href="/facts/Afghanistan/v63Auu1C">Afghanistan</a> as part of <a href="/facts/52nd_Infantry_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)/am8jHRJ7">52 Infantry Brigade</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30">30</a>
In October 2009, the battalion was deployed on <a href="/facts/Operation_Herrick/UNbg8MnE">Operation Herrick</a> 11, with units deploying to the Babaji area of central <a href="/facts/Helmand_Province/lfAqtd6N">Helmand Province</a>, Afghanistan, playing a major role in <a href="/facts/Operation_Moshtarak/3gHLPL7m">Operation Moshtarak</a> in February 2010.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31">31</a>
Before the <a href="/facts/Strategic_Defence_and_Security_Review_2010/twuXBcK3">Strategic Defence and Security Review 2010</a> the battalion was part of the <a href="/facts/12th_Armoured_Infantry_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)/a85yGfA1">12th Mechanised Brigade</a> in a light infantry role. Under <a href="/facts/Army_2020/TSFDXENl">Army 2020</a> it transferred to <a href="/facts/London_District_(British_Army)/I4MT0p42">London District</a> as a public duties battalion, then in 2019 it joined the <a href="/facts/11th_Infantry_Brigade_and_Headquarters_South_East/Eb0Sexth">11th Infantry Brigade and Headquarters South East</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32">32</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33">33</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:34" href="#fn:34">34</a> It will move to 4 Light Brigade Combat Team by 2025.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:35" href="#fn:35">35</a>

<h2 id="regiment">Regiment</h2>

<h3>Structure</h3>
The structure of the regiment and affiliated band includes:

<ul><li>Regimental Headquarters, at <a href="/facts/Wellington_Barracks/gMAxYbkD">Wellington Barracks, London</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:36" href="#fn:36">36</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:37" href="#fn:37">37</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:38" href="#fn:38">38</a></li>
<li>1st Battalion, at <a href="/facts/Victoria_Barracks,_Windsor/Sdk6b4yY">Victoria Barracks, Windsor</a> (Light Infantry part of <a href="/facts/11th_Infantry_Brigade_and_Headquarters_South_East/Eb0Sexth">11th Infantry Brigade and Headquarters South East</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:39" href="#fn:39">39</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:40" href="#fn:40">40</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:41" href="#fn:41">41</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:42" href="#fn:42">42</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:43" href="#fn:43">43</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:44" href="#fn:44">44</a>
<ul><li>Battalion Headquarters<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:45" href="#fn:45">45</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Headquarters_Company_(UK)/xguxWmlh">Headquarters Company</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:46" href="#fn:46">46</a></li>
<li>No. 1 Company (Senior Company)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:47" href="#fn:47">47</a></li>
<li>No. 2 Company<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:48" href="#fn:48">48</a></li>
<li>No. 3 Company<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:49" href="#fn:49">49</a></li>
<li>Support (No. 4) Company (includes <a href="/facts/Corps_of_drums/m9rd5YPF">Corps of Drums</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:50" href="#fn:50">50</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:51" href="#fn:51">51</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:52" href="#fn:52">52</a></li></ul></li>
<li>No. 7 Company, based at <a href="/facts/Wellington_Barracks/gMAxYbkD">Wellington Barracks, London</a> (maintaining the traditions and <a href="/facts/Regimental_Colours/ocDuaydj">colours</a> of the old 2nd Battalion placed in suspended animation in 1993)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:53" href="#fn:53">53</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:54" href="#fn:54">54</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:55" href="#fn:55">55</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:56" href="#fn:56">56</a></li>
<li>No. 17 Company, based at <a href="/facts/Hammersmith/XN5DT4fX">Hammersmith</a> (the regiment's <a href="/facts/Army_Reserve_(United_Kingdom)/afpW5yMo">reserve</a> unit, administered as part of 1st Battalion, <a href="/facts/London_Guards/8ozxudVc">London Guards</a>).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:57" href="#fn:57">57</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Band_of_the_Coldstream_Guards/S2yWTsCq">Band of the Coldstream Guards</a>, based at <a href="/facts/Wellington_Barracks/gMAxYbkD">Wellington Barracks, London</a>, part of the <a href="/facts/Royal_Corps_of_Army_Music/7BCEVX09">Royal Corps of Army Music</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:58" href="#fn:58">58</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:59" href="#fn:59">59</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:60" href="#fn:60">60</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:61" href="#fn:61">61</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:62" href="#fn:62">62</a></li></ul>
Companies that make up the regiment are traditionally numbered. New officers destined for the regiment that are at <a href="/facts/Royal_Military_Academy_Sandhurst/3rjQMrRG">Sandhurst</a> or at the <a href="/facts/Infantry_Battle_School/GpUXVqYs">Infantry Battle School</a> form No. 13 Coy, while Guardsmen under training at <a href="/facts/Infantry_Training_Centre_(British_Army)/AFIEeCpl">ITC Catterick</a> make up No. 14 Coy.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:63" href="#fn:63">63</a> No. 7 Coy is one of the <a href="/facts/British_Army_incremental_infantry_companies/KqqNL2yl">incremental companies</a> formed to undertake <a href="/facts/Public_duties/A5XUr1q3">public duties</a> in London and Windsor, and maintains the Colours and traditions of the former 2nd Battalion.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:64" href="#fn:64">64</a>

<h2 id="role">Role</h2>

Currently, the most prominent role of the 1st Battalion and No. 7 Company is the performance of ceremonial duties in London and <a href="/facts/Windsor,_Berkshire/Usy4cbsB">Windsor</a> as part of the <a href="/facts/Household_Division/TAJqPshp">Household Division</a>. The 1st Battalion is based in Windsor at <a href="/facts/Victoria_Barracks,_Windsor/Sdk6b4yY">Victoria Barracks</a> as an operational light infantry battalion.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:65" href="#fn:65">65</a>
In 2027 the 1st Battalion will take over a <a href="/facts/Security_force_assistance/xrnGhtDc">security force assistance</a> role from 1st Battalion <a href="/facts/Irish_Guards/ydSdeB0A">Irish Guards</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:66" href="#fn:66">66</a>

The <a href="/facts/Corps_of_Drums/m9rd5YPF">Corps of Drums</a>, in addition to their ceremonial role, which has been primarily the musical accompaniment of Changing of the Guard for <a href="/facts/Windsor_Castle/RDlcCPkd">Windsor Castle</a>, has the role of <a href="/facts/Machine_gun/JPXmy1zR">machine gun</a> platoon. All Guardsmen for public duties wear the 'Home Service' Dress tunic in summer or greatcoat in winter and bearskin with a red plume. The Band of the Coldstream Guards plays at Changing of The Guard, state visits and many other events.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:67" href="#fn:67">67</a>
Unlike the other four regiments of foot guards, which recruit from each of the four <a href="/facts/Home_nations/YzlDMR3g">home nations</a>, the Coldstream Guards has a specific recruiting area, which encompasses the counties that Monck's Regiment passed through on its march from <a href="/facts/Coldstream/8buB6KW7">Coldstream</a> to <a href="/facts/London/KozCCsy9">London</a>. The traditional recruiting area of the Coldstream Guards is the South West and North East of England.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:68" href="#fn:68">68</a>
The Coldstream Guards and other Guards Regiments have a long-standing connection to <a href="/facts/Parachute_Regiment_(United_Kingdom)/tb5URX8I">The Parachute Regiment</a>. Guardsmen who have completed <a href="/facts/P_Company/0qI7NRJa">P Company</a> have the option of being posted to the <a href="/facts/3_PARA/PMUqNLUw">Guards Parachute Platoon</a>, <a href="/facts/3_PARA/PMUqNLUw">3 PARA</a>, still keeping the tradition of the No. 1 (Guards) Independent Parachute Company, which was the original <a href="/facts/Pathfinder_Group/5YoDwKzv">Pathfinder Group</a> of <a href="/facts/16th_Parachute_Brigade/GyhcTTzr">16th Parachute Brigade</a>, now renamed <a href="/facts/16th_Air_Assault_Brigade/DgJMX23K">16th Air Assault Brigade</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:69" href="#fn:69">69</a>

<h2 id="traditions">Traditions</h2>

The grouping of buttons on the tunic is a common way to distinguish between the regiments of <a href="/facts/Foot_Guards/to6bKsys">Foot Guards</a>. Coldstream buttons are arranged in pairs, and a Star of the <a href="/facts/Order_of_the_Garter/no8AEJQP">Garter</a> is marked on their brassware.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:70" href="#fn:70">70</a> The Coldstream Guards can also be distinguished from the other Foot Guards by the presence of a red plume (<a href="/facts/Hackle/ukfSsllz">hackle</a>) on the right side of their bearskins.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:71" href="#fn:71">71</a>
The regiment is ranked second in the order of precedence, behind the <a href="/facts/Grenadier_Guards/IpU2WplS">Grenadier Guards</a>. The regiment have the motto Nulli Secundus (Second to None), which is a play on the fact that the regiment was originally the "Second Regiment of Foot Guards", a position they have never accepted as the regiment is older than the Grenadier Guards.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:72" href="#fn:72">72</a>
The regiment's nickname is Lilywhites. An ordinary soldier of the regiment is called a Guardsman, a designation granted by King <a href="/facts/George_V_of_the_United_Kingdom/qynFheE2">George V</a> after the First World War. The regiment is always referred to as the Coldstream, never as the Coldstreams; likewise, a member of the regiment is referred to as a Coldstreamer.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:73" href="#fn:73">73</a>

<h2 id="training">Training</h2>
Recruits to the <a href="/facts/Guards_Division/7x6n2MTp">Guards Division</a> go through an intensive training programme at the British Army's <a href="/facts/Infantry_Training_Centre_(British_Army)/AFIEeCpl">Infantry Training Centre</a> (ITC). Their training is two weeks longer than the programme provided for recruits to the Regular <a href="/facts/Line_infantry/kjMF63Qg">line infantry</a> regiments of the British Army; the extra training, carried out throughout the course, is devoted to drill and ceremonies.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:74" href="#fn:74">74</a>

<h2 id="colonels-in-chief">Colonels-in-Chief</h2>
<a href="/facts/Edward_VII/nxCuvHE7">King Edward VII</a> assumed the colonelcy-in-chief of the regiment on his accession,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:75" href="#fn:75">75</a> and subsequent monarchs have also been colonel-in-chief.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:76" href="#fn:76">76</a>

<ul><li>1901–1910: <a href="/facts/Edward_VII/nxCuvHE7">King Edward VII</a></li>
<li>1915–1936: <a href="/facts/George_V/qynFheE2">King George V</a></li>
<li>Jan 1936–Dec 1936: <a href="/facts/Edward_VIII/SFwwJvnW">King Edward VIII</a></li>
<li>1936–1952: <a href="/facts/George_VI/5lGRtxB4">King George VI</a></li>
<li>1952–2022: <a href="/facts/Elizabeth_II/os6eB47B">Queen Elizabeth II</a></li>
<li>2022–present: <a href="/facts/Charles_III/w4hCfC9k">King Charles III</a></li></ul>
<h2 id="regimental-colonels">Regimental Colonels</h2>
Duke of Abermarle's Regiment of Foot (1650)

<ul><li>1650–1661: Captain-General <a href="/facts/George_Monck,_1st_Duke_of_Albemarle/0664Bjou">George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:77" href="#fn:77">77</a></li></ul>
Lord General's Regiment of Foot Guards (1661)

<ul><li>1661–1670: Captain-General <a href="/facts/George_Monck,_1st_Duke_of_Albemarle/0664Bjou">George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:78" href="#fn:78">78</a></li></ul>
Coldstream Regiment of Foot Guards (1670)

<ul><li>1670–1678: Captain-General <a href="/facts/George_Monck,_1st_Duke_of_Albemarle/0664Bjou">George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:79" href="#fn:79">79</a></li>
<li>1678–1689: Lieutenant General <a href="/facts/William_Craven,_1st_Earl_of_Craven_(1608%E2%80%931697)/cnjxJvEI">William Craven, 1st Earl of Craven</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:80" href="#fn:80">80</a></li>
<li>1689–1694: Lieutenant General <a href="/facts/Thomas_Tollemache/mm62FzLM">Thomas Tollemache</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:81" href="#fn:81">81</a></li>
<li>1694–1702: Lieutenant General <a href="/facts/John_Cutts,_1st_Baron_Cutts/QUCK6f9R">John Cutts, 1st Baron Cutts</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:82" href="#fn:82">82</a></li>
<li>1702–1714: General <a href="/facts/Charles_Churchill_(British_Army_general)/K7kK0EUL">Charles Churchill</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:83" href="#fn:83">83</a></li>
<li>1714–1722: Lieutenant General <a href="/facts/William_Cadogan,_1st_Earl_Cadogan/bLQP1Wrb">William Cadogan, 1st Earl Cadogan</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:84" href="#fn:84">84</a></li>
<li>1722–1740: Colonel <a href="/facts/Richard_Lumley,_2nd_Earl_of_Scarbrough/2rujybFa">Richard Lumley, 2nd Earl of Scarbrough</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:85" href="#fn:85">85</a></li>
<li>1740–1742: Field Marshal <a href="/facts/Prince_William,_Duke_of_Cumberland/Gv9MX7Yp">Prince William, Duke of Cumberland</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:86" href="#fn:86">86</a></li>
<li>1742–1744: Colonel <a href="/facts/Charles_Spencer,_3rd_Duke_of_Marlborough/y0HRNJa6">Charles Spencer, 3rd Duke of Marlborough</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:87" href="#fn:87">87</a></li>
<li>1744–1755: Lieutenant General <a href="/facts/Willem_van_Keppel,_2nd_Earl_of_Albemarle/KfjRz3zk">Willem van Keppel, 2nd Earl of Albemarle</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:88" href="#fn:88">88</a></li>
<li>1755–1773: Lieutenant General <a href="/facts/James_O%27Hara,_2nd_Baron_Tyrawley/0wbGTPXR">James O'Hara, 2nd Baron Tyrawley</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:89" href="#fn:89">89</a></li>
<li>1773–1784: General <a href="/facts/John_Waldegrave,_3rd_Earl_Waldegrave/0w0gYbPs">John Waldegrave, 3rd Earl Waldegrave</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:90" href="#fn:90">90</a></li>
<li>1784–1805: Field Marshal <a href="/facts/Prince_Frederick,_Duke_of_York_and_Albany/rYL6FrVp">Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:91" href="#fn:91">91</a></li>
<li>1805–1850: Field Marshal <a href="/facts/Prince_Adolphus,_Duke_of_Cambridge/rSF0nQ0U">Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:92" href="#fn:92">92</a></li>
<li>1850–1860: Field Marshal <a href="/facts/John_Byng,_1st_Earl_of_Strafford/hJuC01Uu">John Byng, 1st Earl of Strafford</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:93" href="#fn:93">93</a></li></ul>
Coldstream Guards (1855)
<ul><li>1860–1863: Field Marshal <a href="/facts/Colin_Campbell,_1st_Baron_Clyde/Dj737W8S">Colin Campbell, 1st Baron Clyde</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:94" href="#fn:94">94</a></li>
<li>1863–1875: Field Marshal Sir <a href="/facts/William_Maynard_Gomm/24s414IE">William Maynard Gomm</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:95" href="#fn:95">95</a></li>
<li>1875–1884: General Sir <a href="/facts/William_Codrington_(British_Army_officer)/eXe6RIqR">William Codrington</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:96" href="#fn:96">96</a></li>
<li>1884–1890: General Sir <a href="/facts/Thomas_Montagu_Steele/1FAq1Ie7">Thomas Montagu Steele</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:97" href="#fn:97">97</a></li>
<li>1890–1892: General Sir <a href="/facts/Arthur_Edward_Hardinge/PwmKm07W">Arthur Edward Hardinge</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:98" href="#fn:98">98</a></li>
<li>1892–1911: General <a href="/facts/Frederick_Stephenson_(British_Army_officer)/xoRvRJHo">Sir Frederick Stephenson</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:99" href="#fn:99">99</a></li>
<li>1911–1915: General <a href="/facts/Lord_William_Seymour_(British_Army_officer)/pp9lnELH">William Seymour</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:100" href="#fn:100">100</a></li>
<li>1915–1918: Major General <a href="/facts/Evelyn_Boscawen,_7th_Viscount_Falmouth/v2KJ9qm4">Evelyn Boscawen, 7th Viscount Falmouth</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:101" href="#fn:101">101</a></li>
<li>1918–1945: Lieutenant General Sir <a href="/facts/Alfred_Codrington/dEpBwkJF">Alfred Codrington</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:102" href="#fn:102">102</a></li>
<li>1945–1962: General Sir <a href="/facts/Charles_Loyd/CwojorFA">Charles Loyd</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:103" href="#fn:103">103</a></li>
<li>1962–1994: Major General <a href="/facts/George_Burns_(British_Army_officer)/s24Mb1tU">Sir George Burns</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:104" href="#fn:104">104</a></li>
<li>1994–1999: Lieutenant General <a href="/facts/William_Rous_(British_Army_officer)/LcUphNHq">Sir William Rous</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:105" href="#fn:105">105</a></li>
<li>1999–2009: General <a href="/facts/Michael_Rose_(British_Army_officer)/IyDruo2Y">Sir Michael Rose</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:106" href="#fn:106">106</a></li>
<li>2009–present: Lieutenant General Sir <a href="/facts/James_Bucknall/bbyEIGPx">James Bucknall</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:107" href="#fn:107">107</a></li></ul>
<h2 id="regimental-lieutenant-colonels">Regimental Lieutenant Colonels</h2>

The Regimental Lieutenant Colonels have included:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:108" href="#fn:108">108</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:109" href="#fn:109">109</a>

<ul><li>1650–1659: William Gough</li>
<li>1659–1665: Ethelbert Morgan</li>
<li>1665–1681: <a href="/facts/Sir/sqCY8Y80">Sir</a> <a href="/facts/James_Smyth_(English_MP)/wWKquzPm">James Smyth</a></li>
<li>1682–1688: <a href="/facts/Major_general_(United_Kingdom)/ABDbhew9">Major General</a> <a href="/facts/Edward_Sackville_(died_1714)/qn4Lk7mT">Edward Sackville</a></li>
<li>1688–1691: vacant?</li>
<li>1691–1692: James Bridgeman</li>
<li>1692–1694: <a href="/facts/William_Seymour_(British_Army_officer,_born_1664)/tu5DDeFF">William Seymour</a></li>
<li>1694–1702: William Matthew</li>
<li>1702–1704: William Mathew</li>
<li>1704–1715: Maj. Gen. Edward Braddock</li>
<li>1715–1717: Maj. Gen. Richard Holmes</li>
<li>1717–1733: Sir <a href="/facts/Adolphus_Oughton/Pn88DjN5">Adolphus Oughton</a></li>
<li>1733–1734: John Robinson<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:110" href="#fn:110">110</a></li>
<li>1734–1743: Maj. Gen. <a href="/facts/John_Folliot_(British_Army_officer,_died_1748)/W3v8Q1p1">John Folliot</a></li>
<li>1743–1745: Maj. Gen. <a href="/facts/George_Churchill_(British_Army_officer)/vbxCotme">George Churchill</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:111" href="#fn:111">111</a></li>
<li>1745–1753: <a href="/facts/Edward_Braddock/dXBUWPyK">Edward Braddock</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:112" href="#fn:112">112</a></li>
<li>1753–1755: Hedworth Lambton</li>
<li>1755–1762: The Hon. Bennet Noel<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:113" href="#fn:113">113</a></li>
<li>1762–1762: Maj. Gen. Julius Caesar</li>
<li>1762–1763: William A'Court</li>
<li>1763–1777: John Thomas</li>
<li>1777–1785: Henry Lister<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:114" href="#fn:114">114</a></li>
<li>1785–1789: Maj. Gen. <a href="/facts/Harry_Trelawny/kudk6IHH">Harry Trelawny</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:115" href="#fn:115">115</a></li>
<li>1789–1795: Maj. Gen. Anthony George Martin<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:116" href="#fn:116">116</a></li>
<li>1795–1800: Lt. Gen. Thomas Slaughter Stanwix<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:117" href="#fn:117">117</a></li>
<li>1800–1800: Maj. Gen. Edward Morrison<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:118" href="#fn:118">118</a></li>
<li>1800–1814: Maj. Gen. Andrew Cowell<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:119" href="#fn:119">119</a></li>
<li>1814–1821: Col. the Hon. <a href="/facts/Henry_Trevor,_21st_Baron_Dacre/UA31hHM3">Henry Brand</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:120" href="#fn:120">120</a></li>
<li>1821–1825: Col. <a href="/facts/Alexander_Woodford/2yhEE0fC">Alexander Woodford</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:121" href="#fn:121">121</a></li>
<li>1825–1830: Col. <a href="/facts/James_Macdonell_(British_Army_officer)/nMKY93N8">James Macdonell</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:122" href="#fn:122">122</a></li>
<li>1830–1836: Col. <a href="/facts/Daniel_Mackinnon/zqR3uw77">Daniel Mackinnon</a></li>
<li>1836–1837: Col. Sir <a href="/facts/William_Maynard_Gomm/24s414IE">William Maynard Gomm</a></li>
<li>1837–1839: Col. John Fremantle</li>
<li>1839–1846: Col. William Lovelace Walton</li>
<li>1846–1848: Col. Charles Anthony Ferdinand Bentinck</li>
<li>1848–1851: Col. Thomas Chaplin</li>
<li>1851–1854: Col. Henry John William Bentinck</li>
<li>1854–1855: Col. the Hon. Arthur Upton</li>
<li>1855–1858: Col. the Hon. <a href="/facts/George_Upton,_3rd_Viscount_Templetown/xHlF760k">George Upton</a></li>
<li>1858–1860: Col. <a href="/facts/Lord_Frederick_Paulet/x0lLHUoT">Lord Frederick Paulet</a></li>
<li>1860–1861: Col. William Samuel Newton</li>
<li>1861–1862: Col. Spencer Perceval</li>
<li>1862–1863: Col. <a href="/facts/Thomas_Montagu_Steele/1FAq1Ie7">Thomas Montagu Steele</a></li>
<li>1863–1866: Col. William Mark Wood</li>
<li>1866–1868: Col. Dudley William Carleton</li>
<li>1868–1871: Col. the Hon. <a href="/facts/Arthur_Edward_Hardinge/PwmKm07W">Arthur Edward Hardinge</a></li>
<li>1871–1877: Col. the Hon. <a href="/facts/Percy_Robert_Basil_Feilding/KYd2Cvll">Percy Robert Basil Feilding</a></li>
<li>1877–1880: Col. <a href="/facts/Arthur_James_Lyon-Fremantle/2CoMyzHl">Arthur James Lyon-Fremantle</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:123" href="#fn:123">123</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:124" href="#fn:124">124</a></li>
<li>1880–1885: Col. George Robert FitzRoy<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:125" href="#fn:125">125</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:126" href="#fn:126">126</a></li>
<li>1885–1890: Col. Godfrey James Wigram<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:127" href="#fn:127">127</a></li>
<li>1890–1895: Col. <a href="/facts/John_Barton_Sterling/lHRDNH0e">John Barton Sterling</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:128" href="#fn:128">128</a></li>
<li>1895–1898: Col. <a href="/facts/Evelyn_Boscawen,_7th_Viscount_Falmouth/v2KJ9qm4">the Viscount Falmouth</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:129" href="#fn:129">129</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:130" href="#fn:130">130</a></li>
<li>1898–1900: Col. the Hon. <a href="/facts/H._W._L._Corry/1eAs0k7w">H. W. L. Corry</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:131" href="#fn:131">131</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:132" href="#fn:132">132</a></li>
<li>1900–1903: Col. Sir <a href="/facts/Francis_Aylmer_Graves-Sawle/AWFTaSoq">Francis Aylmer Graves-Sawle</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:133" href="#fn:133">133</a></li>
<li>1903–1907: Col. <a href="/facts/Alfred_Edward_Codrington/dEpBwkJF">Alfred Edward Codrington</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:134" href="#fn:134">134</a></li>
<li>1907–1910: Col. Frederick I. Maxse<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:135" href="#fn:135">135</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:136" href="#fn:136">136</a></li>
<li>1910–1913: Col. the Hon. <a href="/facts/William_Lambton_(British_Army_officer)/pMw9xjcJ">William Lambton</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:137" href="#fn:137">137</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:138" href="#fn:138">138</a></li>
<li>1913–1914: Col. Cecil S. O. Monck<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:139" href="#fn:139">139</a></li>
<li>1914–1917: Col. J. A. G. Richardson-Drummond-Hay<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:140" href="#fn:140">140</a></li>
<li>1917–1919: Col. the Hon. <a href="/facts/George_Crichton_(courtier)/12tGqaUX">G. A. C. Crichton</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:141" href="#fn:141">141</a></li>
<li>1919–1919: Col. J. McC. Steele<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:142" href="#fn:142">142</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:143" href="#fn:143">143</a></li>
<li>1919–1923: Col. <a href="/facts/Herbert_Studd/N3VYQW0x">H. W. Studd</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:144" href="#fn:144">144</a></li>
<li>1923–1927: Col. <a href="/facts/John_Vaughan_Campbell/pFao698l">J. V. Campbell</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:145" href="#fn:145">145</a></li>
<li>1927–1930: Col. <a href="/facts/Cecil_Heywood/9A8RpMGH">C. P. Heywood</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:146" href="#fn:146">146</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:147" href="#fn:147">147</a></li>
<li>1932–1934: Col. <a href="/facts/Charles_Loyd/CwojorFA">H. C. Loyd</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:148" href="#fn:148">148</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:149" href="#fn:149">149</a></li>
<li>1934–1938: Col. <a href="/facts/Arthur_Smith_(British_Army_officer)/Y5HY3cTD">A. F. Smith</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:150" href="#fn:150">150</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:151" href="#fn:151">151</a></li>
<li>1938–1939: Brig. <a href="/facts/Sir_John_Whitaker,_2nd_Baronet/gDQdC2Lw">J. A. C. Whitaker</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:152" href="#fn:152">152</a></li>
<li>1939–1941: Col. G. J. Edwards<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:153" href="#fn:153">153</a></li>
<li>1941–1942: Col J. C. W. Finch<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:154" href="#fn:154">154</a></li>
<li>1942–1945: M. F. Trew<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:155" href="#fn:155">155</a></li>
<li>1945–1946: A. Campbell, Lord Stratheden<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:156" href="#fn:156">156</a></li>
<li>1946–1949: E. R. Hill<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:157" href="#fn:157">157</a></li>
<li>1959–1961: Col. Richard J. V. Crichton</li>
<li>1961–1964: Col. Robert C. Windsor-Clive</li>
<li>1964: Col. Sir Jeffrey L. Darell, Bt.</li>
<li>1964–1965: Col. David A. H. Toler</li>
<li>1965–1967: Col. Alan B. Pemberton</li>
<li>1967–1969: Col. Sir Ian L. Jardine, Bt.</li>
<li>1969–1972: Col. Edward T. Smyth-Osbourne</li>
<li>1972–1975: Col. Everard I. Windsor-Clive</li>
<li>1975–1978: Col. Michael A. P. Mitchell</li>
<li>1978–1981: Col. Peter G. S. Tower</li>
<li>1981–1984: Col. Martin W. F. Maxse</li>
<li>1984–1986: Col. H. Malcolm C. Havergal</li>
<li>1986–1992: Col. Sir Brian W. de S. Barttelot, Bt.</li>
<li>1992–2002: Brig. Richard J. Heywood</li>
<li>2002–2012: Brig. Jonathan J. S. Bourne-May</li>
<li>2012–2015: Brig. Greville K. Bibby</li>
<li>2015–2018: Brig. Robin C. N. Sergeant</li>
<li>2018–present: Col. Toby P. O. Till</li></ul>
<h2 id="battle-honours">Battle honours</h2>
The Coldstream Guards have earned 117 battle honours:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:158" href="#fn:158">158</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:159" href="#fn:159">159</a>

<ul><li><a href="/facts/English_Tangier/qKeuBCbY">Tangier 1680</a>, <a href="/facts/Siege_of_Namur_(1695)/UuWvpavK">Namur 1695</a>, <a href="/facts/Gibraltar_1704%E2%80%9305/fQMSmFVm">Gibraltar 1704–1705</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Oudenarde/YP8nKISR">Oudenarde</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Malplaquet/3zItbLbE">Malplaquet</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Dettingen/uaGMQw8v">Dettingen</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Lincelles/xRRWwqsE">Lincelles</a>, <a href="/facts/French_Campaign_in_Egypt_and_Syria/eHgDYmmA">Egypt</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Talavera/aH0mIIWK">Talavera</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Barrosa/wbHYBqIc">Barrosa</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Fuentes_de_O%C3%B1oro/X4HJ7czv">Fuentes d'Onor</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Salamanca/DN1AgxEv">Salamanca</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_the_Nive/5HcTfnAz">Nive</a>, <a href="/facts/Peninsular_War/7llD0qku">Peninsula</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Waterloo/jmATjc2f">Waterloo</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Alma/b3prK7Az">Alma</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Inkerman/gsRHCfns">Inkerman</a>, <a href="/facts/Siege_of_Sevastopol_(1854%E2%80%931855)/bw0IutWh">Sevastopol</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Tel_el-Kebir/dCDqqs4X">Tel-el-Kebir</a>, <a href="/facts/Egypt_1882/364gCJpC">Egypt 1882</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Suakin/7v44MBRP">Suakin 1885</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Modder_River/yBdQWkfG">Modder River</a>, <a href="/facts/Second_Boer_War/LSEc1IgQ">South Africa 1899–1902</a></li>
<li>The Great War (5 battalions): <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Mons/gLbpyGI5">Mons</a>, <a href="/facts/Retreat_from_Mons/9K62E7yb">Retreat from Mons</a>, <a href="/facts/Marne_1914/moIvptYr">Marne 1914</a>, <a href="/facts/Aisne_1914/EauxuRns">Aisne 1914</a>, <a href="/facts/Ypres_1914/CzP0w2bx">Ypres 1914</a> '17, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Langemarck_(1914)/CzP0w2bx">Langemarck 1914</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Gheluvelt/CzP0w2bx">Gheluvelt</a>, Nonne Bosschen, <a href="/facts/Givenchy_1914/LpKety55">Givenchy 1914</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Neuve_Chapelle/lAMBMxKd">Neuve Chapelle</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Aubers_Ridge/eredSoqt">Aubers</a>, <a href="/facts/Festubert_1915/ukTJVhl6">Festubert 1915</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Loos/PM0431tt">Loos</a>, <a href="/facts/Mount_Sorrel/8xxd5znF">Mount Sorrel</a>, <a href="/facts/Somme_1916/rdoFxbAM">Somme 1916</a> <a href="/facts/Second_Battle_of_the_Somme_(1918)/U0PhuN3a">'18</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Flers-Courcelette/ejRV35Rk">Flers-Courcelette</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Morval/UU6s4DAN">Morval</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Pilckem_Ridge/4rXL2ILh">Pilckem</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_the_Menin_Road_Ridge/sj7GtatX">Menin Road</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Poelcappelle/jK3tceBp">Poelcappelle</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Passchendaele/LCt3Q1Gy">Passchendaele</a>, <a href="/facts/Cambrai_1917/pCf02jHP">Cambrai 1917</a> <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Cambrai_(1918)/RYwksxxl">'18</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_St._Quentin_Canal/IYspBCbG">St. Quentin</a>, <a href="/facts/Bapaume_1918/cTVJnUBK">Bapaume 1918</a>, <a href="/facts/Arras_1918/Sgar2vde">Arras 1918</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_the_Lys_(1918)/Fnx7SIRq">Lys</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_the_Lys_(1918)/Fnx7SIRq">Hazebrouck</a>, <a href="/facts/Albert_1918/ew3s8c1Q">Albert 1918</a>, <a href="/facts/Scarpe_1918/wrGNDHly">Scarpe 1918</a>, <a href="/facts/Drocourt-Qu%C3%A9ant_Line/1gm29PAb">Drocourt-Quéant</a>, <a href="/facts/Hindenburg_Line/00bYEoHa">Hindenburg Line</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Havrincourt/YpEqdby0">Havrincourt</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_the_Canal_du_Nord/lNz0QkAC">Canal du Nord</a>, <a href="/facts/Pursuit_to_the_Selle/Dj3PbMBM">Selle</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_the_Sambre_(1918)/oW3HlRds">Sambre</a>, <a href="/facts/Western_Front_(World_War_I)/RrhMPVQP">France and Flanders 1914–1918</a></li>
<li>The Second World War: <a href="/facts/Operation_David/u5sbcc1r">Dyle</a>, <a href="/facts/Operation_David/u5sbcc1r">Defence of Escaut</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Dunkirk/GRdjdyTL">Dunkirk 1940</a>, <a href="/facts/Operation_Goodwood/EfrqrJcI">Cagny</a>, <a href="/facts/Operation_Bluecoat/mBpNmU9R">Mont Pincon, Quarry Hill, Estry</a>, <a href="/facts/Allied_advance_from_Paris_to_the_Rhine/3tMUIlDh">Heppen</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_the_Nijmegen_salient/PlmFtFN3">Nederrijn</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Overloon/xIB3KfhJ">Venraij</a>, <a href="/facts/Operation_Pheasant/39vonD5X">Meijel</a>, Roer, Rhineland, <a href="/facts/Operation_Veritable/SbfJnBG7">Reichswald</a>, Cleve, Goch, Moyland, Hochwald, Rhine, Lingen, Uelzen, <a href="/facts/North-West_Europe_1940/mqqL078G">North-West Europe 1940</a> '44–45, <a href="/facts/Italian_invasion_of_Egypt/NuPNU4YF">Egyptian Frontier 1940</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Sidi_Barrani/04wxdl8S">Sidi Barrani</a>, <a href="/facts/Operation_Brevity/a0t1vnHp">Halfaya 1941</a>, <a href="/facts/Operation_Battleaxe/7qykcpav">Tobruk 1941–42</a>, Msus, Knightsbridge, <a href="/facts/Defence_of_Alamein_Line/6yU4EaJp">Defence of Alamein Line</a>, <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Medenine/KzKb7Hpn">Medenine</a>, Mareth, Longstop Hill 1942, Sbiba, Steamroller Farm, Tunis, Hammam Lif, <a href="/facts/North_African_Campaign/nDYFvCVF">North Africa 1940–1943</a>, <a href="/facts/Allied_invasion_of_Italy/8H4l9HYs">Salerno</a>, Battipaglia, Capezzano, Volturno Crossing, Monte Camino, Calabritto, Garigliano Crossing, Monte Ornito, Monte Piccolo, Capture of Perugia, Arezzo, Advance to Florence, Monte Domini, Catarelto Ridge, Argenta Gap, <a href="/facts/Italian_Campaign_(World_War_II)/FwY1HJDM">Italy 1943–1945</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Gulf_War/6LdLnGdo">Gulf 1991</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:160" href="#fn:160">160</a></li></ul>
<h2 id="order-of-precedence">Order of precedence</h2>

<h2 id="alliances">Alliances</h2>
<ul><li> <a href="/facts/Canada/cWWFM8oc">Canada</a> – <a href="/facts/Governor_General%27s_Foot_Guards/LXkWApz0">The Governor General's Foot Guards</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:161" href="#fn:161">161</a></li>
<li> <a href="/facts/Australia/qLHpbppq">Australia</a> – <a href="/facts/2nd_Battalion,_Royal_Australian_Regiment/1t1DGNBJ">2nd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment</a></li>
<li> <a href="/facts/Royal_Navy/Xdy8YCH7">Royal Navy</a> – <a href="/facts/HMS_Ocean_(L12)/X9DLebuU">HMS Ocean</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:162" href="#fn:162">162</a></li></ul>
<h2 id="gallery">Gallery</h2>

<h2 id="see-also">See also</h2>
<ul><li>Category:Coldstream Guards officers</li>
<li>Category:Coldstream Guards soldiers</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Eddie_Chapman/mv1Pta4l">Eddie Chapman</a> criminal and World War II British <a href="/facts/Double_agent/hRthulQo">double agent</a> served with the Coldstream Guards.</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Honourable_Artillery_Company/YTVsIsf1">Honourable Artillery Company</a>, the oldest surviving regiment in the British Army</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Band_of_the_Coldstream_Guards/S2yWTsCq">Band of the Coldstream Guards</a></li></ul>
<h2 id="notes">Notes</h2>

<h2 id="citations">Citations</h2>

<ul><li>Sir <a href="/facts/Julian_Paget/qS6cR6Wx">Julian Paget</a>, <a href="/facts/Baronet/6Faqhx8r">Bt</a> – Second to none : the Coldstream Guards, 1650–2000 (2000) <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 0-85052-769-4</li>
<li>Harwood, Brian (2006). Chivalry and Command: 500 Years of Horse Guards (illustrated, annotated ed.). Osprey Publishing. p. <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nfw_z24jG5AC&pg=PA38">38</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 1-84603-109-5.</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Andrew_Roberts_(historian)/3HS0YMce">Roberts, Andrew</a>; Waterloo: Napoleon's Last Gamble, 2005, London: HarperCollins Publishers, <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 0-00-719075-1</li></ul>
<h2 id="further-reading">Further reading</h2>
<ul><li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Guards,_and_Household_Troops">"Guards, and Household Troops" </a>. <a href="/facts/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition/mPElbCRY">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 656–659. See the end of page 657 and the start of 658.</li></ul>
<h2 id="external-links">External links</h2>

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Coldstream Guards.

<ul><li><a href="https://www.army.mod.uk/who-we-are/corps-regiments-and-units/infantry/coldstream-guards/">Coldstream Guards page on British Army website</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.coldstreamguards.org.uk">Regimental website</a></li>
<li><a href="https://theguardsmuseum.com/">The Guards Museum (history of the Foot Guards)</a></li>
<li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080920143559/http://www.army.mod.uk/music/corps-band/463.aspx">Coldstream Guards Band site</a></li>
<li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110616051525/http://www.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/customs/questions/royal/footguard.htm">The Queen's Footguards</a></li>
<li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040102030045/http://www.shinycapstar.com/">Shiny Capstar</a> (unofficial site)</li>
<li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040210210721/http://www.maxsolutions.ca/coldstream/">Canadian Coldstream Guards</a></li>
<li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110724200141/http://www.coldstreamguards.org.nz/">Coldstream Guards Corps Of Drums</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MUli7OkUq3o">"Milanollo – Quick March of the Coldstream Guards"</a> on <a href="/facts/YouTube_video_(identifier)/db276jst">YouTube</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tbZL9iBnEOw">Behind the Scenes with The Coldstream Guards Soldiery Portrait Exhibition</a> on <a href="/facts/YouTube_video_(identifier)/db276jst">YouTube</a></li>
<li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111004042339/http://www.coldstreamwindsor.org.uk/">The Coldstream Guards Association Windsor Branch No. 18</a></li>
<li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120224154346/http://british-army-units1945on.co.uk/default.aspx">British Army Locations from 1945</a></li>
<li><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YeSHInCZGskC&dq=Daniel+Mackinnon+colonel&pg=PA106">Origin and services of the Coldstream guards</a> by Colonel <a href="/facts/Daniel_Mackinnon/zqR3uw77">Daniel Mackinnon</a></li></ul>

<h2 id="references">References</h2>

<ol>
<li id="fn:1">The Honourable Artillery Company, a reserve unit, being the oldest continuously serving regiment in the British Army as a whole. <a href="/wiki/Honourable_Artillery_Company" target="_blank">/wiki/Honourable_Artillery_Company</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:2">"Coldstream Guards". www.army.mod.uk. Retrieved 10 March 2021. <a href="https://www.army.mod.uk/who-we-are/corps-regiments-and-units/infantry/coldstream-guards/" target="_blank">https://www.army.mod.uk/who-we-are/corps-regiments-and-units/infantry/coldstream-guards/</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:3">"The Coldstream Guards Official Charity Website". Coldstream Guards. Retrieved 10 March 2021. <a href="https://coldstreamguards.org.uk/" target="_blank">https://coldstreamguards.org.uk/</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:4">Davies, Godfrey (1924). The early history of the Coldstream guards. Oxford: The Clarendon press. <a href="https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001589030" target="_blank">https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001589030</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:5">Davies, Godfrey (1924). The early history of the Coldstream guards. Oxford: The Clarendon press. <a href="https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001589030" target="_blank">https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001589030</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:6">The Coldstream Guards. <a href="http://archive.org/details/TheColdstreamGuards1650-2000" target="_blank">http://archive.org/details/TheColdstreamGuards1650-2000</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:7">"Regimental Headquarters". Coldstream Guards. Retrieved 10 March 2021. <a href="https://coldstreamguards.org.uk/pages/regimental-headquarters" target="_blank">https://coldstreamguards.org.uk/pages/regimental-headquarters</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:8">"History of the Coldstream Guards". Archived from the original on 6 September 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2014. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:9">"History of the Coldstream Guards". Archived from the original on 6 September 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2014. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:10">"History of the Coldstream Guards". Archived from the original on 6 September 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2014. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:11">Harwood 2006, p. 38. - Harwood, Brian (2006). Chivalry and Command: 500 Years of Horse Guards (illustrated, annotated ed.). Osprey Publishing. p. 38. ISBN 1-84603-109-5. <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nfw_z24jG5AC&pg=PA38" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=nfw_z24jG5AC&pg=PA38</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:12">"History of the Coldstream Guards". Archived from the original on 6 September 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2014. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:13">"History of the Coldstream Guards". Archived from the original on 6 September 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2014. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:14">"History of the Coldstream Guards". Archived from the original on 6 September 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2014. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:15">"Coldstream Guards: Waterloo". Shinycapstar.com. Archived from the original on 9 July 2009. Retrieved 3 September 2009. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090709130358/http://www.shinycapstar.com/waterloo.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20090709130358/http://www.shinycapstar.com/waterloo.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:16">Roberts, p. 58 <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:17">"History of the Coldstream Guards". Archived from the original on 6 September 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2014. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:18">"History of the Coldstream Guards". Archived from the original on 6 September 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2014. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:19">"History of the Coldstream Guards". Archived from the original on 6 September 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2014. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:20">Army, The British (5 May 1903), English: A description of all units, casualties, and battles of the Second Boer War (PDF), retrieved 23 August 2024 <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Appendix_-_Boer_War_Units_and_Casualties.pdf" target="_blank">https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Appendix_-_Boer_War_Units_and_Casualties.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:21">"History of the Coldstream Guards". Archived from the original on 6 September 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2014. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:21" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:22">"History of the Coldstream Guards". Archived from the original on 6 September 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2014. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:22" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:23">"'Cuckoo' the German Panther in Service with the 4th Battalion Coldstream Guards". BBC. Retrieved 26 April 2014. <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ww2peopleswar/stories/39/a2773839.shtml" target="_blank">https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ww2peopleswar/stories/39/a2773839.shtml</a> <a href="#fnref:23" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:24">"History of the Coldstream Guards". Archived from the original on 6 September 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2014. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:24" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:25">"History of the Coldstream Guards". Archived from the original on 6 September 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2014. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:25" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:26">Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: "Live Aid Introduction: Prince & Princess Royal Salute". YouTube. Retrieved 26 April 2014. <a href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/5xqZxCsremc" target="_blank">https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/5xqZxCsremc</a> <a href="#fnref:26" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:27">"History of the Coldstream Guards". Archived from the original on 6 September 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2014. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:27" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:28">"History of the Coldstream Guards". Archived from the original on 6 September 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2014. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130906170010/http://coldstreamguards-boro.org/Regimental%20History.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:28" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:29">"Sergeant Chris Hickey of 1st Battalion the Coldstream Guards killed in Iraq". Ministry of Defence. 20 October 2005. Retrieved 26 April 2014. <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/fatalities/sergeant-chris-hickey-of-1st-battalion-the-coldstream-guards-killed-in-iraq" target="_blank">https://www.gov.uk/government/fatalities/sergeant-chris-hickey-of-1st-battalion-the-coldstream-guards-killed-in-iraq</a> <a href="#fnref:29" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
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<li id="fn:78">Ross of Bladensburg, Lt. Col. Sir John Foster George. A History of the Coldstream Guards, from 1815–1895. London: A.D. Innes & Co., 1896. p. 478 <a href="#fnref:78" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:79">Ross of Bladensburg, Lt. Col. Sir John Foster George. A History of the Coldstream Guards, from 1815–1895. London: A.D. Innes & Co., 1896. p. 478 <a href="#fnref:79" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:80">Ross of Bladensburg, Lt. Col. Sir John Foster George. A History of the Coldstream Guards, from 1815–1895. London: A.D. Innes & Co., 1896. p. 478 <a href="#fnref:80" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:81">Ross of Bladensburg, Lt. Col. Sir John Foster George. A History of the Coldstream Guards, from 1815–1895. London: A.D. Innes & Co., 1896. p. 478 <a href="#fnref:81" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:82">Ross of Bladensburg, Lt. Col. Sir John Foster George. A History of the Coldstream Guards, from 1815–1895. London: A.D. Innes & Co., 1896. p. 478 <a href="#fnref:82" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:83">Ross of Bladensburg, Lt. Col. Sir John Foster George. A History of the Coldstream Guards, from 1815–1895. London: A.D. Innes & Co., 1896. p. 478 <a href="#fnref:83" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:84">Ross of Bladensburg, Lt. Col. Sir John Foster George. A History of the Coldstream Guards, from 1815–1895. London: A.D. Innes & Co., 1896. p. 478 <a href="#fnref:84" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:85">Ross of Bladensburg, Lt. Col. Sir John Foster George. A History of the Coldstream Guards, from 1815–1895. London: A. D. Innes & Co., 1896. p. 479 <a href="#fnref:85" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:86">Ross of Bladensburg, Lt. Col. Sir John Foster George. A History of the Coldstream Guards, from 1815–1895. London: A. D. Innes & Co., 1896. p. 479 <a href="#fnref:86" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:87">Ross of Bladensburg, Lt. Col. Sir John Foster George. A History of the Coldstream Guards, from 1815–1895. London: A. D. Innes & Co., 1896. p. 479 <a href="#fnref:87" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:88">Ross of Bladensburg, Lt. Col. Sir John Foster George. A History of the Coldstream Guards, from 1815–1895. London: A. D. Innes & Co., 1896. p. 479 <a href="#fnref:88" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:89">Ross of Bladensburg, Lt. Col. Sir John Foster George. A History of the Coldstream Guards, from 1815–1895. London: A. D. Innes & Co., 1896. p. 479 <a href="#fnref:89" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:90">Ross of Bladensburg, Lt. Col. Sir John Foster George. A History of the Coldstream Guards, from 1815–1895. London: A. D. Innes & Co., 1896. p. 479 <a href="#fnref:90" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:91">Ross of Bladensburg, Lt. Col. Sir John Foster George. A History of the Coldstream Guards, from 1815–1895. London: A. D. Innes & Co., 1896. p. 479 <a href="#fnref:91" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:92">Ross of Bladensburg, Lt. Col. Sir John Foster George. A History of the Coldstream Guards, from 1815–1895. London: A. D. Innes & Co., 1896. p. 479 <a href="#fnref:92" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:93">Ross of Bladensburg, Lt. Col. Sir John Foster George. A History of the Coldstream Guards, from 1815–1895. London: A. D. Innes & Co., 1896. p. 479 <a href="#fnref:93" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:94">Ross of Bladensburg, Lt. Col. Sir John Foster George. A History of the Coldstream Guards, from 1815–1895. London: A. D. Innes & Co., 1896. p. 479 <a href="#fnref:94" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:95">Ross of Bladensburg, Lt. Col. Sir John Foster George. A History of the Coldstream Guards, from 1815–1895. London: A. D. Innes & Co., 1896. p. 479 <a href="#fnref:95" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:96">Ross of Bladensburg, Lt. Col. Sir John Foster George. A History of the Coldstream Guards, from 1815–1895. London: A. D. Innes & Co., 1896. p. 479 <a href="#fnref:96" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:97">Ross of Bladensburg, Lt. Col. Sir John Foster George. A History of the Coldstream Guards, from 1815–1895. London: A. D. Innes & Co., 1896. p. 479 <a href="#fnref:97" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:98">Ross of Bladensburg, Lt. Col. Sir John Foster George. A History of the Coldstream Guards, from 1815–1895. London: A. D. Innes & Co., 1896. p. 479 <a href="#fnref:98" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:99">Ross of Bladensburg, Lt. Col. Sir John Foster George. A History of the Coldstream Guards, from 1815–1895. London: A. D. Innes & Co., 1896. p. 479 <a href="#fnref:99" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:100">"Lord William Frederick Ernest Seymour – National Portrait Gallery". www.npg.org.uk. <a href="https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait/mw52464/Lord-William-Frederick-Ernest-Seymour" target="_blank">https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait/mw52464/Lord-William-Frederick-Ernest-Seymour</a> <a href="#fnref:100" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:101">"Evelyn Edward Thomas Boscawen". Cricket Archive. Retrieved 28 April 2014.(subscription required) <a href="https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/885/885099/885099.html" target="_blank">https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/885/885099/885099.html</a> <a href="#fnref:101" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:102">"Codrington, Lieut-Gen. Sir Alfred Edward ". (2008). In Who Was Who 1897–2007. Online edition. <a href="http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whowaswho/U223925" target="_blank">http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whowaswho/U223925</a> <a href="#fnref:102" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:103">Smart, Nick (2005). Biographical Dictionary of British Generals of the Second World War. Barnesley: Pen & Sword. p. 196. ISBN 1844150496. <a href="1844150496" target="_blank">1844150496</a> <a href="#fnref:103" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:104">"North Mymms on the Home Front". Retrieved 9 October 2007. <a href="https://www.northmymmshistory.uk/2018/08/the-burns-family-of-north-mymms-park.html" target="_blank">https://www.northmymmshistory.uk/2018/08/the-burns-family-of-north-mymms-park.html</a> <a href="#fnref:104" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:105">"No. 53587". The London Gazette (Supplement). 15 February 1994. p. 2316. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/53587/supplement/2316" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/53587/supplement/2316</a> <a href="#fnref:105" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:106">"No. 55609". The London Gazette. 14 September 1999. p. 9833. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/55609/page/9833" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/55609/page/9833</a> <a href="#fnref:106" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:107">"No. 59223". The London Gazette (Supplement). 27 October 2009. p. 18435. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/59223/supplement/18435" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/59223/supplement/18435</a> <a href="#fnref:107" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:108">"Appendix 285: Coldstream Roll" in Daniel Mackinnon, Origin and Services of the Coldstream Guards (1833) vol. ii, pp. 458–519. <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Mackinnon" target="_blank">/wiki/Daniel_Mackinnon</a> <a href="#fnref:108" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:109">"Regiments and Commanding Officers, 1960 - Colin Mackie" (PDF). p. 36. Retrieved 22 June 2021. <a href="http://www.gulabin.com/armynavy/pdf/REGIMENTAL%20COs.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.gulabin.com/armynavy/pdf/REGIMENTAL%20COs.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:109" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:110">"No. 7219". The London Gazette. 4–7 August 1733. p. 3. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/7219/page/3" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/7219/page/3</a> <a href="#fnref:110" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:111">"No. 8216". The London Gazette. 19–23 April 1743. p. 3. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/8216/page/3" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/8216/page/3</a> <a href="#fnref:111" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:112">"No. 8489". The London Gazette. 30 November – 3 December 1745. p. 6. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/8489/page/6" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/8489/page/6</a> <a href="#fnref:112" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:113">"No. 9540". The London Gazette. 23–27 December 1755. pp. 1–2. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/9540/page/1" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/9540/page/1</a> <a href="#fnref:113" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:114">"No. 11825". The London Gazette. 22–25 November 1777. p. 1. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/11825/page/1" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/11825/page/1</a> <a href="#fnref:114" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:115">"No. 12702". The London Gazette. 22–26 November 1785. p. 537. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/12702/page/537" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/12702/page/537</a> <a href="#fnref:115" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:116">"No. 13100". The London Gazette. 26–30 May 1789. p. 403. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/13100/page/403" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/13100/page/403</a> <a href="#fnref:116" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:117">"No. 13840". The London Gazette. 5–8 December 1795. p. 1367. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/13840/page/1367" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/13840/page/1367</a> <a href="#fnref:117" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:118">"No. 15256". The London Gazette. 10–13 May 1800. p. 462. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/15256/page/462" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/15256/page/462</a> <a href="#fnref:118" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:119">"No. 15312". The London Gazette. 18–22 November 1800. p. 1306. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/15312/page/1306" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/15312/page/1306</a> <a href="#fnref:119" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:120">"No. 16925". The London Gazette. 13 August 1814. p. 1635. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/16925/page/1635" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/16925/page/1635</a> <a href="#fnref:120" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:121">"No. 17740". The London Gazette. 25 August 1821. p. 1740. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/17740/page/1740" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/17740/page/1740</a> <a href="#fnref:121" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:122">"No. 18155". The London Gazette. 16 July 1825. p. 1243. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/18155/page/1243" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/18155/page/1243</a> <a href="#fnref:122" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:123">"No. 24511". The London Gazette. 12 October 1877. p. 5598. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/24511/page/5598" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/24511/page/5598</a> <a href="#fnref:123" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:124">"No. 24899". The London Gazette. 9 November 1880. p. 5614. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/24899/page/5614" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/24899/page/5614</a> <a href="#fnref:124" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:125">"No. 24908". The London Gazette. 30 November 1880. p. 6351. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/24908/page/6351" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/24908/page/6351</a> <a href="#fnref:125" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:126">"No. 25529". The London Gazette. 13 November 1885. p. 5189. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/25529/page/5189" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/25529/page/5189</a> <a href="#fnref:126" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:127">"No. 25539". The London Gazette. 15 December 1885. p. 6066. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/25539/page/6066" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/25539/page/6066</a> <a href="#fnref:127" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:128">"No. 26020". The London Gazette. 4 February 1890. p. 606. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/26020/page/606" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/26020/page/606</a> <a href="#fnref:128" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:129">"No. 26595". The London Gazette. 5 February 1895. p. 686. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/26595/page/686" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/26595/page/686</a> <a href="#fnref:129" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:130">"No. 26973". The London Gazette. 31 May 1898. p. 3389. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/26973/page/3389" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/26973/page/3389</a> <a href="#fnref:130" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:131">"No. 26973". The London Gazette. 31 May 1898. p. 3388. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/26973/page/3388" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/26973/page/3388</a> <a href="#fnref:131" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:132">"No. 27194". The London Gazette. 22 May 1900. p. 3250. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/27194/page/3250" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/27194/page/3250</a> <a href="#fnref:132" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:133">"No. 27197". The London Gazette. 29 May 1900. p. 3406. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/27197/page/3406" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/27197/page/3406</a> <a href="#fnref:133" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:134">"No. 27595". The London Gazette. 8 September 1903. p. 5598. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/27595/page/5598" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/27595/page/5598</a> <a href="#fnref:134" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:135">"No. 28004". The London Gazette. 15 March 1907. p. 1833. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/28004/page/1833" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/28004/page/1833</a> <a href="#fnref:135" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:136">"No. 28404". The London Gazette. 5 August 1910. p. 5669. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/28404/page/5669" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/28404/page/5669</a> <a href="#fnref:136" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:137">"No. 28404". The London Gazette. 5 August 1910. p. 5670. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/28404/page/5670" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/28404/page/5670</a> <a href="#fnref:137" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:138">"No. 28679". The London Gazette. 7 January 1913. p. 149. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/28679/page/149" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/28679/page/149</a> <a href="#fnref:138" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:139">"No. 28680". The London Gazette. 10 January 1913. p. 245. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/28680/page/245" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/28680/page/245</a> <a href="#fnref:139" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:140">"No. 28895". The London Gazette (Supplement). 9 September 1914. p. 7173. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/28895/supplement/7173" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/28895/supplement/7173</a> <a href="#fnref:140" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:141">"No. 29939". The London Gazette. 13 February 1917. p. 1471. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/29939/page/1471" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/29939/page/1471</a> <a href="#fnref:141" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:142">"No. 31344". The London Gazette (Supplement). 16 May 1919. p. 6187. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/31344/supplement/6187" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/31344/supplement/6187</a> <a href="#fnref:142" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:143">"No. 31618". The London Gazette (2nd supplement). 25 October 1919. p. 13112. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/31618/supplement/13112" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/31618/supplement/13112</a> <a href="#fnref:143" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:144">"No. 31631". The London Gazette (3rd supplement). 6 November 1919. p. 13533. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/31631/supplement/13533" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/31631/supplement/13533</a> <a href="#fnref:144" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:145">"No. 32876". The London Gazette. 2 November 1923. p. 7461. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/32876/page/7461" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/32876/page/7461</a> <a href="#fnref:145" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:146">"No. 33251". The London Gazette. 25 February 1927. p. 1255. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/33251/page/1255" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/33251/page/1255</a> <a href="#fnref:146" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:147">"No. 33641". The London Gazette. 5 September 1930. p. 5491. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/33641/page/5491" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/33641/page/5491</a> <a href="#fnref:147" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:148">"No. 33882". The London Gazette. 11 November 1932. p. 7178. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/33882/page/7178" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/33882/page/7178</a> <a href="#fnref:148" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:149">"No. 34116". The London Gazette. 21 December 1934. p. 8295. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/34116/page/8295" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/34116/page/8295</a> <a href="#fnref:149" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:150">"No. 34123". The London Gazette. 11 January 1935. p. 301. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/34123/page/301" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/34123/page/301</a> <a href="#fnref:150" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:151">"No. 34570". The London Gazette. 15 November 1938. p. 7190. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/34570/page/7190" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/34570/page/7190</a> <a href="#fnref:151" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:152">"No. 34570". The London Gazette. 15 November 1938. p. 7191. <a href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/34570/page/7191" target="_blank">https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/34570/page/7191</a> <a href="#fnref:152" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:153">Howard, Michael (1951). The Coldstream Guards, 1920-1946. London: Oxford University Press. p. 442. <a href="#fnref:153" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:154">Howard, Michael (1951). The Coldstream Guards, 1920-1946. London: Oxford University Press. p. 442. <a href="#fnref:154" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:155">Howard, Michael (1951). The Coldstream Guards, 1920-1946. London: Oxford University Press. p. 442. <a href="#fnref:155" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:156">Howard, Michael (1951). The Coldstream Guards, 1920-1946. London: Oxford University Press. p. 442. <a href="#fnref:156" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:157">Howard, Michael (1951). The Coldstream Guards, 1920-1946. London: Oxford University Press. p. 442. <a href="#fnref:157" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:158">"Queen presents new Colours to Coldstream Guards". Ministry of Defence. 3 May 2012. Retrieved 26 April 2014. <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/queen-presents-new-colours-to-coldstream-guards" target="_blank">https://www.gov.uk/government/news/queen-presents-new-colours-to-coldstream-guards</a> <a href="#fnref:158" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:159">"Coldstream Guards". Regiments.org. Archived from the original on 8 February 2006. Retrieved 10 August 2019. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060208214920/http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/guards/f-2CG.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20060208214920/http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/guards/f-2CG.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:159" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:160">"Gulf battle honours". The Independent. 20 October 2003. <a href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/gulf-battle-honours-1511977.html" target="_blank">https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/gulf-battle-honours-1511977.html</a> <a href="#fnref:160" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:161">"Governor General's Foot Guards - Lineage". www.canada.ca. Government of Canada. 20 November 2018. Retrieved 30 January 2023. <a href="https://www.canada.ca/en/department-national-defence/services/military-history/history-heritage/official-military-history-lineages/lineages/infantry-regiments/governor-generals-foot-guards.html" target="_blank">https://www.canada.ca/en/department-national-defence/services/military-history/history-heritage/official-military-history-lineages/lineages/infantry-regiments/governor-generals-foot-guards.html</a> <a href="#fnref:161" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:162">"Navy News, Ship of the Month May 1999". Archived from the original on 25 March 2008. Retrieved 14 March 2008. Affiliations: City of Sunderland; Coldstream Guards; 30 Squadron RAF; The Worshipful Company of Farriers; Pangbourne College; Brymon Airways; Old Ocean Association <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080325071711/http://www.navynews.co.uk/ships/ocean.asp" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20080325071711/http://www.navynews.co.uk/ships/ocean.asp</a> <a href="#fnref:162" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
</ol>

Coldstream Guards open-in-new

Coldstream Guards