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ProGuard
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<h2 id="features">Features</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Bytecode/EPkMFR7M">Bytecode</a>-level optimizations;</li> <li>Also works with <a href="/facts/Java_Micro_Edition/wsJJf7lq">Java Micro Edition</a> and <a href="/facts/Android_software_development/YbRy4PhP">Android</a>;</li></ul> <h3>Obfuscation Method</h3> <p>ProGuard obfuscates Java and Android programs by renaming <a href="/facts/Class_(computer_programming)/zvzkSAtE">classes</a>, <a href="/facts/Field_(computer_science)/jt622EDb">fields</a>, and <a href="/facts/Method_(computer_programming)/8kAXxVYs">methods</a> using meaningless names (an implementation of <a href="/facts/Security_through_obscurity/GvF87wz1">security through obscurity</a>), making it more difficult to <a href="/facts/Reverse_engineering/pmJCV7J7">reverse-engineer</a> the final application.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> </p> <h3>Optimization</h3> <p>Besides removing unused <a href="/facts/Instruction_set/8p8vwUeE">instructions</a> from the <a href="/facts/Compiler/WNfCDFJe">compiled</a> <a href="/facts/Bytecode/EPkMFR7M">bytecode</a>, ProGuard optimizes it using techniques such as <a href="/facts/Control_flow_analysis/qCACUl3E">control flow analysis</a>, <a href="/facts/Data-flow_analysis/jz2oI6sX">data-flow analysis</a>, <a href="/facts/Partial_evaluation/cSBKhRPo">partial evaluation</a>, <a href="/facts/Static_single_assignment_form/HnDHfx6I">static single assignment</a>, <a href="/facts/Global_value_numbering/IYUQjY2A">global value numbering</a>, and <a href="/facts/Live_variable_analysis/GEHK3I2c">liveness analysis</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> </p><p>ProGuard can remove many types of unused and duplicated code, perform over 200 <a href="/facts/Peephole_optimizations/B2XLWj3K">peephole optimizations</a>, reduce <a href="/facts/Memory_management/vthLkUpz">variable allocation</a>, <a href="/facts/Inline_expansion/jhQsJwLX">inline</a> constant and short <a href="/facts/Method_(computer_programming)/8kAXxVYs">methods</a>, simplify <a href="/facts/Tail_recursion/oLX6hfm3">tail recursion</a> calls, remove <a href="/facts/Debugging/QtdpPJT0">logging</a> code, amongst others.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul> <li>Free and open-source software portal</li><li>Computer programming portal</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Java_(programming_language)/9ScgFyAL">Java (programming language)</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Program_optimization/nXz6RpRM">Program optimization</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Obfuscation_(software)/703yhvVq">Obfuscation (software)</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Dotfuscator/wM9Vb9lG">Dotfuscator</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/DashO_(software)/Cjm5U7D3">DashO (software)</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"ProGuard overview (official page)". February 2, 2015. Retrieved November 24, 2015. <a href="http://proguard.sourceforge.net/index.html" target="_blank">http://proguard.sourceforge.net/index.html</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"ProGuard license page". February 2, 2015. Retrieved November 24, 2015. <a href="http://proguard.sourceforge.net/license.html" target="_blank">http://proguard.sourceforge.net/license.html</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>"Shrink your code and resources". Retrieved June 10, 2018. <a href="https://developer.android.com/studio/build/shrink-code" target="_blank">https://developer.android.com/studio/build/shrink-code</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>"ProGuard FAQ". February 2, 2015. Archived from the original on October 28, 2016. Retrieved November 24, 2015. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161028095555/http://proguard.sourceforge.net/FAQ.html" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20161028095555/http://proguard.sourceforge.net/FAQ.html</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>"ProGuard FAQ". February 2, 2015. Archived from the original on October 28, 2016. Retrieved November 24, 2015. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161028095555/http://proguard.sourceforge.net/FAQ.html" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20161028095555/http://proguard.sourceforge.net/FAQ.html</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>"ProGuard FAQ". February 2, 2015. Archived from the original on October 28, 2016. Retrieved November 24, 2015. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161028095555/http://proguard.sourceforge.net/FAQ.html" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20161028095555/http://proguard.sourceforge.net/FAQ.html</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>