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Volfefe index
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<h2 id="etymology">Etymology</h2> <p>The name "Volfefe" is a <a href="/facts/Portmanteau/d124JEbz">portmanteau</a> of the words <i>volatility</i> and <i><a href="/facts/Covfefe/UdfdUkjI">covfefe</a></i>, the latter being a word (widely presumed to be a typographical error) posted in a 2017 tweet by Trump.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="creation">Creation</h2> <p>Volfefe was launched by <a href="/facts/JPMorgan_Chase/bVu3VBTV">JPMorgan Chase</a> on September 9, 2019.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="methods">Methods</h2> <p>In forming the basis of the methodology behind Volfefe, JPMorgan Chase used software to analyse the corpus of Trump's tweets.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a> 14,000 tweets were used in the analysis to form the initial projections for their software.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> Their analysts determined that there were direct correlations between tweets and subsequent market movements.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a> These market movements were most notably evidenced when the tweet specifically references financial matters including the <a href="/facts/US_Federal_Reserve/VaCV51ne">US Federal Reserve</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a> The tweets issued during the working day of the <a href="/facts/New_York_Stock_Exchange/XgSV32lk">New York Stock Exchange</a> were more likely to cause a change in market sentiment; however, it was noted that the tweets can come at any time of day and thus have an effect on markets around the world.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a> Key words in tweets often include "<a href="/facts/China/lTjIXY5p">China</a>", "<a href="/facts/Billion/d9KjEYSt">billion</a>", "products", "<a href="/facts/Democratic_Party_(United_States)/MNe3nDrL">Democrats</a>", "great", "dollars", "<a href="/facts/Tariff/NCluKCm2">tariffs</a>" and "trade".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="analysis">Analysis</h2> <p><i><a href="/facts/Bloomberg_News/q4DStFUV">Bloomberg News</a></i> noted, "JPMorgan’s 'Volfefe Index,' named after Trump’s mysterious covfefe tweet from May 2017, suggests that the president’s electronic musings are having a statistically significant impact on Treasury yields."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a> </p><p><i><a href="/facts/ABC_News_Online/cBNJcjCQ">ABC News Online</a></i> commented JP Morgan created Volfefe, "to measure how much impact Mr Trump's unpredictable tweets have on US interest rates".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26"><sup>26</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Big_Mac_Index/9SWLQykE">Big Mac Index</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Black_swan_theory/jcmfwymP">Black swan theory</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Economic_Policy_Uncertainty_Index/rjYN1UyR">Economic Policy Uncertainty Index</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Greed_and_fear/RKTxVXy8">Greed and fear</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Hemline_index/EczQHcx1">Hemline index</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Market_trend/5C1BeRrp">Market trend</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Probability_of_default/tL7MH87q">Probability of default</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/S%26P/ASX_200_VIX/03KnEbg1">S&P/ASX 200 VIX</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/SKEW/GnMDAxk8">SKEW</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Twitter_diplomacy/qEoVazLN">Twitter diplomacy</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Use_of_Twitter_by_public_figures/N3n68mfL">Use of Twitter by public figures</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/VIX/f3aKRvIR">VIX</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Waffle_House_Index/yE8hFeGu">Waffle House Index</a></li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> Wikimedia Commons has media related to Donald Trump and Twitter. <ul><li><a href="https://x.com/POTUS45">President Trump (official)</a> on <a href="/facts/Twitter/VWwDNGUm">Twitter</a></li> <li><a href="https://x.com/realDonaldTrump">Donald Trump (personal)</a> on <a href="/facts/Twitter/VWwDNGUm">Twitter</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.cnn.com/interactive/2017/politics/trump-tweets/">Trump Tweets</a> at <a href="/facts/CNN/kEYsUQqr">CNN</a></li> <li><a href="https://factba.se/topic/deleted-tweets">List of Donald Trump deleted tweets</a> on Factbase</li> <li><a href="https://www.trumptwitterarchive.com">Trump Twitter archive</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210205085520/http://www.trumptwitterarchive.com/">Archived</a> 2021-02-05 at the <a href="/facts/Wayback_Machine/nmQ3a6JC">Wayback Machine</a> Searchable database</li> <li><a href="https://x.com/Trump2Cash">Trump2Cash (stock trading bot)</a> on <a href="/facts/Twitter/VWwDNGUm">Twitter</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Alloway, Tracy (September 9, 2019), "JPMorgan Creates 'Volfefe' Index to Track Trump Tweet Impact", Bloomberg News, retrieved September 10, 2019 <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-09-09/jpmorgan-creates-volfefe-index-to-track-trump-tweet-impact" target="_blank">https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-09-09/jpmorgan-creates-volfefe-index-to-track-trump-tweet-impact</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Chau, David (September 10, 2019), "Donald Trump's impact on market volatility tracked by new JP Morgan 'Volfefe' index", ABC News Online, retrieved September 10, 2019 <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-09-10/trump-volfefe-index/11495726" target="_blank">https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-09-10/trump-volfefe-index/11495726</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Ahmed, Saqib Iqbal (September 9, 2019), "'Volfefe': a volatility index for the Trump era", Reuters, retrieved September 10, 2019 <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-markets-trump-volatility/volfefe-a-volatility-index-for-the-trump-era-idUSKCN1VU1XR" target="_blank">https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-markets-trump-volatility/volfefe-a-volatility-index-for-the-trump-era-idUSKCN1VU1XR</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Alloway, Tracy (September 9, 2019), "JPMorgan Creates 'Volfefe' Index to Track Trump Tweet Impact", Bloomberg News, retrieved September 10, 2019 <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-09-09/jpmorgan-creates-volfefe-index-to-track-trump-tweet-impact" target="_blank">https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-09-09/jpmorgan-creates-volfefe-index-to-track-trump-tweet-impact</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Chau, David (September 10, 2019), "Donald Trump's impact on market volatility tracked by new JP Morgan 'Volfefe' index", ABC News Online, retrieved September 10, 2019 <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-09-10/trump-volfefe-index/11495726" target="_blank">https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-09-10/trump-volfefe-index/11495726</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Ahmed, Saqib Iqbal (September 9, 2019), "'Volfefe': a volatility index for the Trump era", Reuters, retrieved September 10, 2019 <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-markets-trump-volatility/volfefe-a-volatility-index-for-the-trump-era-idUSKCN1VU1XR" target="_blank">https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-markets-trump-volatility/volfefe-a-volatility-index-for-the-trump-era-idUSKCN1VU1XR</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Gibson, Kate (September 9, 2019), "'Volfefe index' tracks market impact of Trump's tweets", CBS News, retrieved September 10, 2019 <a href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/volfefe-index-jpmorgan-chase-creates-index-to-track-market-impact-of-president-trumps-tweets/" target="_blank">https://www.cbsnews.com/news/volfefe-index-jpmorgan-chase-creates-index-to-track-market-impact-of-president-trumps-tweets/</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Horowitz, Julia (September 9, 2019), "JPMorgan has created a 'Volfefe Index' to track how Trump's tweets move markets", CNN, retrieved September 9, 2019 <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2019/09/09/investing/jpmorgan-trump-tweets-volfefe-index/" target="_blank">https://www.cnn.com/2019/09/09/investing/jpmorgan-trump-tweets-volfefe-index/</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Alloway, Tracy (September 9, 2019), "JPMorgan Creates 'Volfefe' Index to Track Trump Tweet Impact", Bloomberg News, retrieved September 10, 2019 <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-09-09/jpmorgan-creates-volfefe-index-to-track-trump-tweet-impact" target="_blank">https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-09-09/jpmorgan-creates-volfefe-index-to-track-trump-tweet-impact</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Ahmed, Saqib Iqbal (September 9, 2019), "'Volfefe': a volatility index for the Trump era", Reuters, retrieved September 10, 2019 <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-markets-trump-volatility/volfefe-a-volatility-index-for-the-trump-era-idUSKCN1VU1XR" target="_blank">https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-markets-trump-volatility/volfefe-a-volatility-index-for-the-trump-era-idUSKCN1VU1XR</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Gibson, Kate (September 9, 2019), "'Volfefe index' tracks market impact of Trump's tweets", CBS News, retrieved September 10, 2019 <a href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/volfefe-index-jpmorgan-chase-creates-index-to-track-market-impact-of-president-trumps-tweets/" target="_blank">https://www.cbsnews.com/news/volfefe-index-jpmorgan-chase-creates-index-to-track-market-impact-of-president-trumps-tweets/</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Khan, Yusuf (September 9, 2019), "A JPMorgan bot analyzed 14,000 Trump tweets and found they're having an increasingly sharp impact on markets", Business Insider, archived from the original on November 10, 2021, retrieved September 10, 2019 <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211110152618/https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/jpmorgan-volvefe-index-on-impact-of-trump-tweets-on-market-volatility-2019-9" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20211110152618/https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/jpmorgan-volvefe-index-on-impact-of-trump-tweets-on-market-volatility-2019-9</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Kollmeyer, Barbara (September 9, 2019), "J.P. Morgan made a 'Volfefe' index to track how Trump tweets move the bond market — here's what it shows", MarketWatch, retrieved September 10, 2019 <a href="https://www.marketwatch.com/story/are-trump-tweets-influencing-bond-volatility-jp-morgans-volfefe-index-aims-to-find-out-2019-09-09" target="_blank">https://www.marketwatch.com/story/are-trump-tweets-influencing-bond-volatility-jp-morgans-volfefe-index-aims-to-find-out-2019-09-09</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>Ashworth, Louis (September 10, 2019), "The Volfefe Index aims to track just how Donald Trump's tweets move markets", The Daily Telegraph, retrieved September 10, 2019 <a href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2019/09/10/volfefe-index-aims-track-just-donald-trumps-tweets-move-markets/" target="_blank">https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2019/09/10/volfefe-index-aims-track-just-donald-trumps-tweets-move-markets/</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>Khan, Yusuf (September 9, 2019), "A JPMorgan bot analyzed 14,000 Trump tweets and found they're having an increasingly sharp impact on markets", Business Insider, archived from the original on November 10, 2021, retrieved September 10, 2019 <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211110152618/https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/jpmorgan-volvefe-index-on-impact-of-trump-tweets-on-market-volatility-2019-9" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20211110152618/https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/jpmorgan-volvefe-index-on-impact-of-trump-tweets-on-market-volatility-2019-9</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>Horowitz, Julia (September 9, 2019), "JPMorgan has created a 'Volfefe Index' to track how Trump's tweets move markets", CNN, retrieved September 9, 2019 <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2019/09/09/investing/jpmorgan-trump-tweets-volfefe-index/" target="_blank">https://www.cnn.com/2019/09/09/investing/jpmorgan-trump-tweets-volfefe-index/</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>Kollmeyer, Barbara (September 9, 2019), "J.P. Morgan made a 'Volfefe' index to track how Trump tweets move the bond market — here's what it shows", MarketWatch, retrieved September 10, 2019 <a href="https://www.marketwatch.com/story/are-trump-tweets-influencing-bond-volatility-jp-morgans-volfefe-index-aims-to-find-out-2019-09-09" target="_blank">https://www.marketwatch.com/story/are-trump-tweets-influencing-bond-volatility-jp-morgans-volfefe-index-aims-to-find-out-2019-09-09</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:18"><p>Ashworth, Louis (September 10, 2019), "The Volfefe Index aims to track just how Donald Trump's tweets move markets", The Daily Telegraph, retrieved September 10, 2019 <a href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2019/09/10/volfefe-index-aims-track-just-donald-trumps-tweets-move-markets/" target="_blank">https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2019/09/10/volfefe-index-aims-track-just-donald-trumps-tweets-move-markets/</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:19"><p>Chau, David (September 10, 2019), "Donald Trump's impact on market volatility tracked by new JP Morgan 'Volfefe' index", ABC News Online, retrieved September 10, 2019 <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-09-10/trump-volfefe-index/11495726" target="_blank">https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-09-10/trump-volfefe-index/11495726</a> <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:20"><p>Newburger, Emma (September 8, 2019), "JP Morgan has created an index to track the effect of Trump's tweets on financial markets: 'Volfefe index'", CNBC, retrieved September 10, 2019 2="How much do Trump tweets swing the market? Check 'Volfefe'", Yahoo! Finance, Associated Press, September 9, 2019, retrieved September 10, 2019 <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/09/08/donald-trump-is-tweeting-more-and-its-impacting-the-bond-market.html" target="_blank">https://www.cnbc.com/2019/09/08/donald-trump-is-tweeting-more-and-its-impacting-the-bond-market.html</a> <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:21"><p>Chau, David (September 10, 2019), "Donald Trump's impact on market volatility tracked by new JP Morgan 'Volfefe' index", ABC News Online, retrieved September 10, 2019 <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-09-10/trump-volfefe-index/11495726" target="_blank">https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-09-10/trump-volfefe-index/11495726</a> <a href="#fnref:21" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:22"><p>Newburger, Emma (September 8, 2019), "JP Morgan has created an index to track the effect of Trump's tweets on financial markets: 'Volfefe index'", CNBC, retrieved September 10, 2019 2="How much do Trump tweets swing the market? Check 'Volfefe'", Yahoo! Finance, Associated Press, September 9, 2019, retrieved September 10, 2019 <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/09/08/donald-trump-is-tweeting-more-and-its-impacting-the-bond-market.html" target="_blank">https://www.cnbc.com/2019/09/08/donald-trump-is-tweeting-more-and-its-impacting-the-bond-market.html</a> <a href="#fnref:22" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:23"><p>Chau, David (September 10, 2019), "Donald Trump's impact on market volatility tracked by new JP Morgan 'Volfefe' index", ABC News Online, retrieved September 10, 2019 <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-09-10/trump-volfefe-index/11495726" target="_blank">https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-09-10/trump-volfefe-index/11495726</a> <a href="#fnref:23" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:24"><p>Newburger, Emma (September 8, 2019), "JP Morgan has created an index to track the effect of Trump's tweets on financial markets: 'Volfefe index'", CNBC, retrieved September 10, 2019 2="How much do Trump tweets swing the market? Check 'Volfefe'", Yahoo! Finance, Associated Press, September 9, 2019, retrieved September 10, 2019 <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/09/08/donald-trump-is-tweeting-more-and-its-impacting-the-bond-market.html" target="_blank">https://www.cnbc.com/2019/09/08/donald-trump-is-tweeting-more-and-its-impacting-the-bond-market.html</a> <a href="#fnref:24" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:25"><p>Alloway, Tracy (September 9, 2019), "JPMorgan Creates 'Volfefe' Index to Track Trump Tweet Impact", Bloomberg News, retrieved September 10, 2019 <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-09-09/jpmorgan-creates-volfefe-index-to-track-trump-tweet-impact" target="_blank">https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-09-09/jpmorgan-creates-volfefe-index-to-track-trump-tweet-impact</a> <a href="#fnref:25" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:26"><p>Chau, David (September 10, 2019), "Donald Trump's impact on market volatility tracked by new JP Morgan 'Volfefe' index", ABC News Online, retrieved September 10, 2019 <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-09-10/trump-volfefe-index/11495726" target="_blank">https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-09-10/trump-volfefe-index/11495726</a> <a href="#fnref:26" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>