Mayorov attracted the attention of NHL scouts when playing for Neftyanik Leninogorsk in 2006–07. He was rated fourth overall among European players by NHL Central Scouting. The Columbus Blue Jackets chose him 94th overall in the fourth round of the 2007 NHL Entry Draft. He started the 2007–08 season with Ak Bars Kazan's third-level team, but was elevated to the main Russian Superleague (RSL) team.1
On June 7, 2016, Mayorov agreed to a two-year contract extension to continue with Salavat Yulaev Ufa.2
"Maksim Mayorov's prospect profile". Hockey'sfuture.com. 2010-02-14. Archived from the original on 2009-08-13. Retrieved 2010-02-14. https://web.archive.org/web/20090813184037/http://www.hockeysfuture.com/prospects/maxim_mayorov ↩
"Maxim Mayorov remains in Ufa" (in Russian). Salavat Yulaev Ufa. 2016-06-07. Retrieved 2016-06-07. http://hcsalavat.ru/news/salavat-yulaev/maksim-mayorov-ostayetsya-v-ufe/ ↩