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Bhuvan
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<h2 id="overview">Overview</h2> <p><a href="/facts/ISRO/CdAoFQTL">ISRO</a> launched the <a href="/facts/Beta_version/z4Q4RElA">beta version</a> of its web-based <a href="/facts/GIS/3Y7WT1yt">GIS</a> tool, Bhuvan, on August 12, 2009. Bhuvan offers detailed imagery of Indian locations compared to other <a href="/facts/Virtual_Globe/KcTYEkdx">Virtual Globe</a> Software, with spatial resolutions ranging up to 1 metre.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> At present 177 cities high-resolution datasets are available,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> while the rest of the country is covered by 2.5m resolution imagery. The images available do not include any military installations in India, due to security concerns.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> </p><p>The <a href="/facts/National_Remote_Sensing_Agency/aPTvpuky">National Remote Sensing Agency</a> played an important role in the development of this product. ISRO has used data provided by satellites including <a href="/facts/RESOURCESAT-1/CGVJEIw3">Resourcesat-1</a>, <a href="/facts/CARTOSAT-1/XWX6P6b4">Cartosat-1</a> and <a href="/facts/CARTOSAT-2/tXRf3Y5q">Cartosat-2</a> to get the best possible imagery of India. </p> <h2 id="improvement">Improvement</h2> <p>Since the launch of Bhuvan, users have experienced various difficulties. One problem is that the Bhuvan site has, at various times, been either inaccessible or very slow (due to less bandwidth and servers). Updates to the website later made the Bhuvan portal faster and more responsive. Also, the NSRC created <a href="https://bhuvanlite.nrsc.gov.in/">BhuvanLite</a> for a faster experience and also launched <a href="https://bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/wiki/index.php/Home">Bhuvan Wiki</a>. Bhuvan Wiki is a web application designed for publishing information and engaging Bhuvan users in sharing and contributing their knowledge to other users. It is useful to all Bhuvan users in finding topics of their interest to explore. It provides information on user interests and helps to better connect with the users. Bhuvan does not require login to visualize the maps.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> Users need to register only when they wish to download satellite data (up to 25m resolution LISS-III data) and products (like <a href="/facts/NDVI/WluBtYq8">NDVI</a>, <a href="/facts/OHC/z2D9nIL5">OHC</a> datasets, <a href="/facts/Cartosat/HKy0Fjzd">Cartosat</a> <a href="/facts/Digital_Elevation_Model/LMWSPfex">Digital Elevation Model</a>, etc.) To overcome the plug-in restrictions and platform dependency for 3D visualization, Bhuvan comes with a <a href="/facts/WebGL/Avkp0Wb7">WebGL</a>-based open-source <a href="/facts/Virtual_globe/KcTYEkdx">virtual globe</a>. It only requires WebGL-enabled browsers. </p><p>Since the initial, buggy beta release, a more stable version has been released, with which users have reported fewer problems. A discussion forum has also been started for users experiencing difficulties.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Collaborative_mapping/u0aaUtWF">Collaborative mapping</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/WikiMapia/LDIyRQM5">WikiMapia</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Google_Map_Maker/vqXqUqlE">Google Map Maker</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Geo-wiki/2BIK4W7u">Geo-wiki</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/OpenStreetMap/Hd3yejum">OpenStreetMap</a></li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <ul><li><a href="http://bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in">Bhuvan website </a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110615011504/http://www.bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/">Archived</a> 2011-06-15 at the <a href="/facts/Wayback_Machine/nmQ3a6JC">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a href="http://bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/data">NRSC Open Data Archive</a></li> <li><a href="http://bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/gis">Bhuvan's Thematic Services</a></li> <li><a href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20130916233947/http://bhuvan-noeda.nrsc.gov.in/disaster/disaster/disaster.php">Disaster Support Through Bhuvan</a></li> <li><a href="http://bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/globe">Bhuvan Virtual Globe</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140812221559/http://bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/globe/">Archived</a> 2014-08-12 at the <a href="/facts/Wayback_Machine/nmQ3a6JC">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a href="http://bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/map/">Bhuvan's Map</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090826225837/http://isrobhuvan.org/">More Information About Bhuvan</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.opengeospatial.org/pressroom/newsletters/201012/#C4">Bhuvan: OGC website of the month, December 2010</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.narendramodi.in/text-speech-of-pm-narendra-modi-at-pslv-c23-launch-at-sriharikota/">Prime Minister's message</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"Welcome to Bhuvan | ISRO's Geoportal | Gateway to Indian Earth Observation". Bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in. 2013-04-25. Archived from the original on 2011-06-15. Retrieved 2013-05-20. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110615011504/http://www.bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20110615011504/http://www.bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"Dr Jitendra Singh releases New Application services of 'Bhuvan' on the occasion of National Remote Sensing Day". <a href="http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=124916" target="_blank">http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=124916</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>"Bhuvan Updates: Gateway to Indian Earth Observation - GIS Resources". 14 February 2014. <a href="http://www.gisresources.com/bhuvan-updates-gateway-indian-earth-observation/" target="_blank">http://www.gisresources.com/bhuvan-updates-gateway-indian-earth-observation/</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>"ISRO's Geoportal | Gateway to Indian Earth Observation | 2D Viewer". Archived from the original on 2014-07-15. Retrieved 2014-08-12. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140715224517/http://bhuvan3.nrsc.gov.in/applications/bhuvanstore.php" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20140715224517/http://bhuvan3.nrsc.gov.in/applications/bhuvanstore.php</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>"ISRO's Bhuvan stands up to Google Earth". Merinews.com. 2009-08-13. Retrieved 2013-05-20. <a href="http://www.merinews.com/article/isros-bhuvan-stands-up-to-google-earth/15781365.shtml" target="_blank">http://www.merinews.com/article/isros-bhuvan-stands-up-to-google-earth/15781365.shtml</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>"ISRO's Geoportal - Gateway to Indian Earth Observation - 2D Viewer". <a href="http://bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/map/" target="_blank">http://bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/map/</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>"Bhuvan Discussion Forum • Index page". Bhuvan-forum.nrsc.gov.in. Archived from the original on July 1, 2012. Retrieved 2013-05-20. <a href="https://archive.today/20120701164059/http://bhuvan-forum.nrsc.gov.in/" target="_blank">https://archive.today/20120701164059/http://bhuvan-forum.nrsc.gov.in/</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>