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COVID-19 datasets
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<h2 id="aggregate-statistics">Aggregate statistics</h2> <h3>United States</h3> <h4>Volunteer/non-government</h4> <table><tbody><tr><th>Publisher</th><th>Date of first publication</th><th>In official use?</th><th>Update<p>Frequency</p></th><th>Geographic<p>Level</p></th><th>Timeseries</th><th>Testing<p>Sites</p></th><th>Testing<p>Number</p></th><th>Cases</th><th>Hospitalizations</th><th>Deaths</th><th>Vaccination<p>Sites</p></th><th>Vaccination<p>Number</p></th><th>Description</th></tr><tr><td>Coders Against COVID/<a href="/facts/GISCorps/E5l2Y5V2">GISCorps</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a></td><td>March 22, 2020<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a></td><td>Yes, by FEMA<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> and State of California<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a></td><td>Daily</td><td>Point (lat/long)</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td><td>A dataset of COVID-19 testing locations in the United States and Puerto Rico</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/USAFacts/qBP0MeF0">USAFacts</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a></td><td>April 24, 2020<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a></td><td>Yes, by CDC<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a></td><td>Daily</td><td>County</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td></td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>A dataset of county-level coronavirus cases and deaths that is updated daily</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/COVID_Tracking_Project/ydYyaQeK">COVID Tracking Project</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a></td><td>March 7, 2020<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a></td><td>No</td><td>Daily</td><td>State</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>A volunteer-run database of testing and medical stats in the United States</td></tr><tr><td>Sentiment Analysis of users reviews on COVID-19 contact tracing mobile applications<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a></td><td>March 2021</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>This dataset is intended to support sentiment analysis of users' reviews on COVID-19 contact tracing mobile applications.</td></tr></tbody></table> <h4><a href="/facts/U.S._Department_of_Health_%2526_Human_Services/eS90vYmd">U.S. Department of Health & Human Services</a></h4> <table><tbody><tr><th>Name</th><th>Geographic<p>Level</p></th><th>Timeseries</th><th>Testing<p>Sites</p></th><th>Testing<p>Number</p></th><th>Cases</th><th>Hospitalizations</th><th>Deaths</th><th>Vaccination<p>Sites</p></th><th>Vaccination<p>Number</p></th></tr><tr><td><a href="https://healthdata.gov/dataset/covid-19-diagnostic-laboratory-testing-pcr-testing-time-series">COVID-19 Diagnostic Laboratory Testing (PCR Testing) Time Series</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210312211407/https://healthdata.gov/dataset/covid-19-diagnostic-laboratory-testing-pcr-testing-time-series">Archived</a> 2021-03-12 at the <a href="/facts/Wayback_Machine/nmQ3a6JC">Wayback Machine</a></td><td>State</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://healthdata.gov/dataset/covid-19-reported-patient-impact-and-hospital-capacity-facility">COVID-19 Reported Patient Impact and Hospital Capacity by Facility</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210312212746/https://healthdata.gov/dataset/covid-19-reported-patient-impact-and-hospital-capacity-facility">Archived</a> 2021-03-12 at the <a href="/facts/Wayback_Machine/nmQ3a6JC">Wayback Machine</a></td><td>Point (lat/long)</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://healthdata.gov/dataset/covid-19-estimated-patient-impact-and-hospital-capacity-state">COVID-19 Estimated Patient Impact and Hospital Capacity by State</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210312212715/https://healthdata.gov/dataset/covid-19-estimated-patient-impact-and-hospital-capacity-state">Archived</a> 2021-03-12 at the <a href="/facts/Wayback_Machine/nmQ3a6JC">Wayback Machine</a></td><td>State</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://healthdata.gov/dataset/covid-19-reported-patient-impact-and-hospital-capacity-state">COVID-19 Reported Patient Impact and Hospital Capacity by State</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210308011204/https://healthdata.gov/dataset/covid-19-reported-patient-impact-and-hospital-capacity-state">Archived</a> 2021-03-08 at the <a href="/facts/Wayback_Machine/nmQ3a6JC">Wayback Machine</a></td><td>State</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://healthdata.gov/dataset/covid-19-reported-patient-impact-and-hospital-capacity-state-timeseries">COVID-19 Reported Patient Impact and Hospital Capacity by State Timeseries</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210310091444/https://healthdata.gov/dataset/covid-19-reported-patient-impact-and-hospital-capacity-state-timeseries">Archived</a> 2021-03-10 at the <a href="/facts/Wayback_Machine/nmQ3a6JC">Wayback Machine</a></td><td>State</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td><td>No</td><td>No</td></tr></tbody></table> <h3>Global</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Johns_Hopkins_University/56US0mHw">Johns Hopkins</a> Coronavirus Resource Center: Global aggregated data including cases, testing, contact tracing, and vaccine development<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/World_Health_Organization/YNN3bgug">World Health Organization</a> (WHO) Coronavirus Disease Dashboard: a database of confirmed cases and deaths reported globally and broken down by region.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a> This database is part of the WHO Health Data Platform.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a></li> <li>COVID-19 Africa Open Data Project: a volunteer-run database and dashboard reporting region, country and district level case counts, deaths, healthcare worker infections, healthcare services and urgent needs.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a></li></ul> <h2 id="data-hubs">Data hubs</h2> <ul><li><a href="https://hdruk.ac.uk">Health Data Research UK</a> provides a searchable registry of health data resources from the United Kingdom, including <a href="https://web.www.healthdatagateway.org/search?search=COVID-19&tab=Datasets">COVID-19 related datasets</a>.</li> <li>NIH Open Access Datasets: The <a href="/facts/National_Institutes_of_Health/G3Eytfcc">National Institutes of Health</a> provide open-access data and computational resources related to COVID-19.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a></li> <li>COVID-19 Open Research Dataset (CORD-19): The <a href="/facts/Semantic_Scholar/ldJsHa2Y">Semantic Scholar</a> project of the <a href="/facts/Allen_Institute_for_AI/gjMqU5vI">Allen Institute for AI</a> hosts CORD-19, a public dataset of academic articles about COVID-19 and related research.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a> The dataset is updated daily and includes both peer-reviewed articles and preprints.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a> CORD-19 was originally released on March 16, 2020, by researchers and leaders from the Allen Institute for AI, <a href="/facts/Chan_Zuckerberg_Initiative/4N35boUu">Chan Zuckerberg Initiative</a>, <a href="/facts/Center_for_Security_and_Emerging_Technology/7qo4vfQm">Georgetown University's Center for Security and Emerging Technhology</a>, <a href="/facts/Microsoft/nGIDDXdx">Microsoft</a>, and the <a href="/facts/United_States_National_Library_of_Medicine/Hzty0MCX">National Library of Medicine</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a> The dataset is created through the use of <a href="/facts/Text_mining/5QsIa3Cz">text mining</a> of the current research literature.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a></li></ul> <h2 id="topic-specific-and-special-interest-resources">Topic-specific and special-interest resources</h2> <h3>Genomics</h3> <ul><li>Consensus genome data for <a href="/facts/SARS-CoV-2/DxF8rDc1">SARS-CoV-2</a> is available through <a href="/facts/GISAID/l0A8wnDh">GISAID</a> for registered users<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a> and included in an interactive <a href="/facts/Phylogenetic_tree/f5vVEpeY">Phylogenetic tree</a> dashboard <a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a> on <a href="/facts/Nextstrain/KJscMD1h">Nextstrain</a>, an open-source pathogen <a href="/facts/Genome/tjhWET4V">genome</a> data project.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a></li></ul> <h3>Imaging (Radiology)</h3> <ul><li>Characteristic imaging features on chest <a href="/facts/Radiographs/ab1bvq3q">radiographs</a> and <a href="/facts/Computed_tomography/NusPJ2S8">computed tomography</a> (CT) of people who are symptomatic include asymmetric peripheral <a href="/facts/Ground-glass_opacity/ms3oAFN8">ground-glass opacities</a> without <a href="/facts/Pleural_effusion/34Y7pyFv">pleural effusions</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a> The <a href="/facts/University_of_Montreal/QUD9sV4j">University of Montreal</a> and <a href="/facts/Mila_(research_institute)/1wbfz6d5">Mila</a> created the "COVID-19 Image Data Collection" in March which is a public data repository of chest imaging.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26"><sup>26</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27"><sup>27</sup></a> The Medical Imaging Databank in Valencian Region released a large dataset of chest imaging from Spain.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28"><sup>28</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29"><sup>29</sup></a> The <a href="/facts/Italian_Society_of_Medical_and_Interventional_Radiology/Tqp8PQ8C">Italian Radiological Society</a> is compiling an international online database of imaging findings for confirmed cases.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30"><sup>30</sup></a> Online radiology case sharing platforms such as <a href="/facts/European_Society_of_Radiology/R3lNJDPG">Eurorad</a> and <a href="/facts/Radiopaedia/JpE74PgC">Radiopaedia</a> serve as platforms for sharing COVID-19 case data and imaging.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31"><sup>31</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32"><sup>32</sup></a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Torpey, Holly; Caballero, M.D., Jorge A. (eds.). "COVID-19 Testing Sites Data". GISCorps/Coders Against COVID Testing Site Data. Retrieved 2020-12-14. <a href="https://covid-19-giscorps.hub.arcgis.com/pages/contribute-covid-19-testing-sites-data" target="_blank">https://covid-19-giscorps.hub.arcgis.com/pages/contribute-covid-19-testing-sites-data</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"Volunteer group develops a COVID-19 testing location database for the U.S." TechCrunch. Retrieved 2021-02-03. <a href="https://techcrunch.com/2020/03/22/volunteer-group-develops-a-covid-19-testing-location-database-for-the-u-s/" target="_blank">https://techcrunch.com/2020/03/22/volunteer-group-develops-a-covid-19-testing-location-database-for-the-u-s/</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>"App of the Week: COVID-19 Testing Sites Locator". Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Retrieved 2021-02-03. <a href="https://content.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDHSFEMA/bulletins/2883543" target="_blank">https://content.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDHSFEMA/bulletins/2883543</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>"COVID-19 Testing Sites in California". www.arcgis.com. Retrieved 2021-02-03. <a href="https://www.arcgis.com/apps/Nearby/index.html?appid=43118dc0d5d348d8ab20a81967a15401" target="_blank">https://www.arcgis.com/apps/Nearby/index.html?appid=43118dc0d5d348d8ab20a81967a15401</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>"US Coronavirus Cases and Deaths". USAFacts.org. 2021-02-03. Retrieved 2021-02-03. <a href="https://usafacts.org/visualizations/coronavirus-covid-19-spread-map/" target="_blank">https://usafacts.org/visualizations/coronavirus-covid-19-spread-map/</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>"Detailed Methodology and Sources: COVID-19 Data". USAFacts. Retrieved 2021-02-03. <a href="https://usafacts.org/articles/detailed-methodology-covid-19-data/" target="_blank">https://usafacts.org/articles/detailed-methodology-covid-19-data/</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>"Coronavirus Outbreak Stats & Data". USAFacts. Retrieved 2021-02-03. <a href="https://usafacts.org/issues/coronavirus/" target="_blank">https://usafacts.org/issues/coronavirus/</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Stephens, Autumn (21 August 2020). "Tracking Star in Oakland". Diablo Magazine. Retrieved 2020-09-18. <a href="https://www.diablomag.com/people-style/people/tracking-star-in-oakland/article_9aee7cd8-ddbb-11ea-947f-4fcf770cfc1e.html" target="_blank">https://www.diablomag.com/people-style/people/tracking-star-in-oakland/article_9aee7cd8-ddbb-11ea-947f-4fcf770cfc1e.html</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>"About Us". The COVID Tracking Project. Retrieved 2021-02-03. <a href="https://covidtracking.com/about" target="_blank">https://covidtracking.com/about</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Ahmad, Kashif (2021). "A Benchmark Dataset for Sentiment Analysis of Users' Reviews on COVID-19 Contact Tracing Applications". Harvard Dataverse. doi:10.7910/DVN/1RDRCM. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help) <a href="https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi%3A10.7910%2FDVN%2F1RDRCM&version=DRAFT" target="_blank">https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi%3A10.7910%2FDVN%2F1RDRCM&version=DRAFT</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Ahmad, Kashif (2021). "Sentiment Analysis of Users' Reviews on COVID-19 Contact Tracing Apps with a Benchmark Dataset". arXiv:2103.01196 [cs.CL]. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>"Home". Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center. Retrieved 2020-09-18. <a href="https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/" target="_blank">https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>"WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard". covid19.who.int. Retrieved 2020-09-18. <a href="https://covid19.who.int/" target="_blank">https://covid19.who.int/</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>"World Health Data Platform - WHO". www.who.int. Retrieved 2020-09-18. <a href="https://www.who.int/data" target="_blank">https://www.who.int/data</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>"COVID-19 Africa Open Data". Retrieved 16 November 2020. <a href="http://covid-19-africa.sen.ovh/" target="_blank">http://covid-19-africa.sen.ovh/</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>"Open-Access Data and Computational Resources to Address COVID-19 | Data Science at NIH". datascience.nih.gov. Retrieved 2020-10-13. <a href="https://datascience.nih.gov/covid-19-open-access-resources" target="_blank">https://datascience.nih.gov/covid-19-open-access-resources</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>"CORD-19". Semantic Scholar. Retrieved 2020-10-13. <a href="https://www.semanticscholar.org/cord19" target="_blank">https://www.semanticscholar.org/cord19</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:18"><p>"Analysis of COVID-19 publications identifies research gaps". EurekAlert!. Retrieved 2020-10-13. <a href="https://eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-09/cp-aoc091720.php" target="_blank">https://eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-09/cp-aoc091720.php</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:19"><p>"Call to Action to the Tech Community on New Machine Readable COVID-19 Dataset". whitehouse.gov. Retrieved 2020-10-13 – via National Archives. <a href="https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/call-action-tech-community-new-machine-readable-covid-19-dataset/" target="_blank">https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/call-action-tech-community-new-machine-readable-covid-19-dataset/</a> <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:20"><p>"NLM Leverages Data, Text Mining to Sharpen COVID-19 Research Databases". governmentciomedia.com. 11 May 2020. Retrieved 2020-10-13. <a href="https://governmentciomedia.com/nlm-leverages-data-text-mining-sharpen-covid-19-research-databases" target="_blank">https://governmentciomedia.com/nlm-leverages-data-text-mining-sharpen-covid-19-research-databases</a> <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:21"><p>"GISAID". www.gisaid.org. Retrieved 29 December 2020. <a href="https://www.gisaid.org/" target="_blank">https://www.gisaid.org/</a> <a href="#fnref:21" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:22"><p>"Nexstrain SARS-CoV-2 Dashboard". nextstrain.org. Retrieved 29 December 2020. <a href="https://nextstrain.org/ncov/global" target="_blank">https://nextstrain.org/ncov/global</a> <a href="#fnref:22" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:23"><p>"Nextstrain". docs.nextstrain.org. Retrieved 29 December 2020. <a href="https://docs.nextstrain.org/en/latest/learn/about-nextstrain.html" target="_blank">https://docs.nextstrain.org/en/latest/learn/about-nextstrain.html</a> <a href="#fnref:23" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:24"><p>Li Y, Xia L (March 2020). "Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Role of Chest CT in Diagnosis and Management". American Journal of Roentgenology. 214 (6): 1280–1286. doi:10.2214/AJR.20.22954. PMID 32130038. S2CID 212416282. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2214%2FAJR.20.22954" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.2214%2FAJR.20.22954</a> <a href="#fnref:24" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:25"><p>"COVID-19 related projects". Mila. COVID-19 image data collection. Retrieved 12 July 2020. <a href="https://mila.quebec/en/covid-19/" target="_blank">https://mila.quebec/en/covid-19/</a> <a href="#fnref:25" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:26"><p>"COVID-19 image data collection". GitHub. Retrieved 12 July 2020. <a href="https://github.com/ieee8023/covid-chestxray-dataset" target="_blank">https://github.com/ieee8023/covid-chestxray-dataset</a> <a href="#fnref:26" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:27"><p>Cohen, Joseph (25 March 2020). "COVID-19 image data collection". arXiv:2003.11597 [eess.IV]. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:27" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:28"><p>"BIMCV-COVID19, Datasets related to COVID19's pathology course". Medical Imaging Databank in Valencian Region Medical. Retrieved 12 July 2020. <a href="https://bimcv.cipf.es/bimcv-projects/bimcv-covid19/" target="_blank">https://bimcv.cipf.es/bimcv-projects/bimcv-covid19/</a> <a href="#fnref:28" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:29"><p>de la Iglesia Vayá, Maria (1 June 2020). "BIMCV COVID-19+: a large annotated dataset of RX and CT images from COVID-19 patients". arXiv:2006.01174 [eess.IV]. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:29" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:30"><p>"COVID-19 Database". Società Italiana di Radiologia Medica e Interventistica (in Italian). Retrieved 2020-03-11. <a href="https://www.sirm.org/category/senza-categoria/covid-19/" target="_blank">https://www.sirm.org/category/senza-categoria/covid-19/</a> <a href="#fnref:30" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:31"><p>"Pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum: a rare complication in the evolution of COVID-19 pneumonia". Eurorad. Retrieved 12 July 2020. <a href="https://www.eurorad.org/case/16844" target="_blank">https://www.eurorad.org/case/16844</a> <a href="#fnref:31" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:32"><p>Bell, Daniel; Knipe, Henry. "COVID-19 (summary)". Radiopaedia. Retrieved 12 July 2020. <a href="https://radiopaedia.org/articles/covid-19-summary" target="_blank">https://radiopaedia.org/articles/covid-19-summary</a> <a href="#fnref:32" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>