Hexastylis arifolia is an evergreen, perennial herb with no above-ground stems, spreading by means of underground rhizomes.
Leaves are hairless, of two sorts. Small, scale-like leaves adhere to the underground rhizomes, while larger green, heart-shaped leaves emerge above ground. Flowers are formed one at a time, on the ends of the rhizomes.234
Biota of North America Program, 2014 county distribution map http://bonap.net/MapGallery/County/Hexastylis%20arifolia.png ↩
Whittemore, Alan T.; Gaddy, L. L. (1993). "Hexastylis arifolia". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America. Flora of North America North of Mexico. Vol. 2. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press. http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=233500662 ↩
Horn, Dennis; Cathcart, Tavia; Hemmerly, Thomas E.; Duhl, David (2005). Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians. Lone Pine Publishing. p. 47. ISBN 978-1-55105-428-5. 978-1-55105-428-5 ↩
Small, John Kunkel (1907). "Aristolochiaceae". In Britton, Nathaniel Lord (ed.). Manual of the flora of the northern states and Canada (3rd ed.). New York: Henry Holt & Company. p. 348. /wiki/John_Kunkel_Small ↩