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1515
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<h2 id="events">Events</h2> <h3>January–March</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/January_1/SI1VAKRT">January 1</a> – <a href="/facts/Louis_XII_of_France/weKUDmoR">King Louis XII</a> of <a href="/facts/France/CxIeIKM3">France</a> dies of severe <a href="/facts/Gout/ktWD69YP">gout</a> after a reign of 14 years, and his son-in-law, <a href="/facts/Francis_I_of_France/US9aL69h">François</a>, inherits the throne.</li> <li><a href="/facts/January_25/ACbFavE2">January 25</a> – François, is <a href="/facts/Coronation_of_the_French_monarch/SNlhHN8A">crowned</a> <a href="/facts/King_of_France/Ez6P7JwB">King of France</a> in the <a href="/facts/Cathedral_of_Reims/rPk5zY93">Cathedral of Reims</a>, with his wife <a href="/facts/Claude_of_France/EElRs8qH">Claude</a>, daughter of the late King Louis XII, crowned as Queen consort.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/January/ucnblJ9m">January</a> - In <a href="/facts/Vietnam/0ulfA8Eq">Vietnam</a>, an uprising led by Phùng Chương broke out in <a href="/facts/Tam_%25C4%2590%25E1%25BA%25A3o/dQ0hMEtk">Tam Đảo</a> and was quickly quelled by general <a href="/facts/Tr%25E1%25BB%258Bnh_Duy_S%25E1%25BA%25A3n/c6wXLk5r">Trịnh Duy Sản</a> under emperor <a href="/facts/L%25C3%25AA_T%25C6%25B0%25C6%25A1ng_D%25E1%25BB%25B1c/eYmnF9yh">Lê Tương Dực</a> of the <a href="/facts/L%25C3%25AA_dynasty/987C5NLQ">Lê dynasty.</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/February_8/YDx5fjny">February 8</a> – King Henry VIII of England opens the English Parliament. Henry's chief advisor, Sir <a href="/facts/Thomas_Nevill/lmaMlRpx">Thomas Nevill</a>, is elected <a href="/facts/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Commons_(United_Kingdom)/LtrYGMLh">Speaker of the House of Commons</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/February_11/rUYRkVDa">February 11</a> – <a href="/facts/George_of_Kratovo/yt9IXLhG">George of Kratovo</a>, a silversmith in <a href="/facts/Serbia/U0LVzPdI">Serbia</a>, becomes a martyr to the Christian faith as he is burned to death on a <a href="/facts/Pyre/rvRJW5Dg">pyre</a> for refusing to convert to <a href="/facts/Islam/zDLbL45C">Islam</a>.</li> <li><a href="/facts/March_3/vluyLoq4">March 3</a> – <a href="/facts/Mary_Tudor%2c_Queen_of_France/7vBwqrnV">Mary Tudor</a>, sister of King Henry VIII of England and widow of King Louis XII of France, is secretly married to <a href="/facts/Charles_Brandon%2c_1st_Duke_of_Suffolk/oxfzjbW6">the Duke of Suffolk</a> in the presence of the new King of France, Francois.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/March_4/BsxaJumF">March 4</a> – <a href="/facts/Dukaginzade_Ahmed_Pasha/rS8LVe7L">Dukaginzade Ahmed Pasha</a>, who was appointed as <a href="/facts/List_of_Ottoman_grand_viziers/gaRwpe1q">Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire</a> less than three months earlier, is executed by order of the Sultan <a href="/facts/Selim_I/aVcgQv8C">Selim I</a>, and is replaced by his predecessor, <a href="/facts/Hersekzade_Ahmed_Pasha/WVMR1B98">Hersekzade Ahmed Pasha</a>.</li> <li><a href="/facts/March_12/0dYB7LrQ">March 12</a> – In Italy, <a href="/facts/Costanzo_II_Sforza/G1CcJBlk">Costanzo II Sforza</a>, Lord of Pesaro, is mortally wounded by a gunshot from an <a href="/facts/Arquebus/pfeToDsN">arquebus</a> rifle while traveling with <a href="/facts/Maximilian_Sforza/Xc48dCCT">Maximilian Sforza</a>, <a href="/facts/Duke_of_Milan/SQ0RFGJB">Duke of Milan</a>. He dies a little more than a month later, on April 14.</li> <li><a href="/facts/March_31/6x7dDjky">March 31</a> – <ul><li><a href="/facts/Pope_Leo_X/cFGNYGwt">Pope Leo X</a> issues a <a href="/facts/Papal_bull/rddm96cW">papal bull</a>, at the suggestion of the German cardinal <a href="/facts/Albert_of_Brandenburg/26bFn4PS">Albert of Brandenburg</a>, providing for a special <a href="/facts/Indulgence/7G0D0ykr">indulgence</a> on worshipers in four Roman Catholic <a href="/facts/Diocese/Uts2PByI">dioceses</a> in order to pay for construction of <a href="/facts/St._Peter%2527s_Basilica/EPqN8PdM">St. Peter's Basilica</a> in Rome, with half to be paid to Albert for services.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a></li> <li>Multiple acts of the English parliament are given <a href="/facts/Royal_assent/lxMqxy43">royal assent</a> by King Henryv VIII, including the <a href="/facts/Deepening_River_at_Canterbury_Act_1514/EYoyT4M6">Deepening River at Canterbury Act 1514</a>, the <a href="/facts/Thames_Watermen_Act_1514/S0Ro7zmM">Thames Watermen Act 1514</a>, and the Felons and Murderers Act 1514.</li></ul></li></ul> <h3>April–June</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/April_1/Tvc7dV2L">April 1</a> – The Portuguese Navy, led by <a href="/facts/Afonso_de_Albuquerque/acH5CHpW">Afonso de Albuquerque</a>, <a href="/facts/Portuguese_conquest_of_Hormuz/qYJXhoHT">conquers the strategic Hormuz Island</a> as King Turan Shah and his prime minister, Rais Nureddin invited Albuquerque to land his forces and formally take possession of Hormuz.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/April_15/3XXwm4v4">April 15</a> – The Emirate of <a href="/facts/Oman/yNr7BPbm">Oman</a>, ruled by Muhammad bin Ismail, becomes a <a href="/facts/Protectorate/TEBGopb9">protectorate</a> of Portugal.</li> <li><a href="/facts/April_17/6f3EB07w">April 17</a> – <a href="/facts/Mehmed_I_Giray/3gq6N0pY">Mehmed I Giray</a> becomes the new ruler of the Tatar <a href="/facts/Crimean_Khanate/JPtgG0dx">Crimean Khanate</a> (in what is now Russian-occupied Ukraine) upon the death of his father, <a href="/facts/Me%25C3%25B1li_I_Giray/Q5vmeDwe">Meñli I Giray</a>.</li> <li><a href="/facts/April_23/VCyKHdkg">April 23</a> – In Portuguese-occupied Morocco, the Governor of <a href="/facts/Safi%2c_Morocco/kwxp4qno">Safi</a>, Nuno Fernandes de Ataíde, conducts <a href="/facts/Raid_of_Marrakesh_(1515)/IqmAp5gX">an unsuccessful attack</a> on <a href="/facts/Marrakesh/aVpGaF8h">Marrakesh</a>, and is forced to retreat by defenders led by the Emir Nasr ibn Chentaf al-Hintati.</li> <li><a href="/facts/May_13/Y1dcKLuz">May 13</a> – <a href="/facts/Mary_Tudor%2c_Queen_of_France/7vBwqrnV">Mary Tudor, Queen of France</a>, and <a href="/facts/Charles_Brandon%2c_1st_Duke_of_Suffolk/oxfzjbW6">Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk</a>, are officially married at <a href="/facts/Greenwich/ognrRWm2">Greenwich</a> (near London).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/May_20/cs2G4cma">May 20</a> – "Ulysses", the first known <a href="/facts/Rhinoceros/XPdqh7JF">rhinoceros</a> in <a href="/facts/Europe/DTAtrKfh">Europe</a>, arrives at <a href="/facts/Lisbon/zFTcC99e">Lisbon</a> in <a href="/facts/Portugal/lYzwDQ63">Portugal</a> after being brought by ship from India.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/June_13/1nU0k9gb">June 13</a> – <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Turnadag/9KmjIRKx">Battle of Turnadag</a>: The army of Ottoman sultan <a href="/facts/Selim_I/aVcgQv8C">Selim I</a> defeats the <a href="/facts/Beylik_of_Dulkadir/tH61jpTL">beylik of Dulkadir</a> under <a href="/facts/Bozkurt_of_Dulkadir/FmyuDbdn">Bozkurt of Dulkadir</a>.</li></ul> <h3>July–September</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/July_2/09eQoyvE">July 2</a> – <a href="/facts/Manchester_Grammar_School/aCYQt147">Manchester Grammar School</a> is endowed by <a href="/facts/Hugh_Oldham/vCdQSxyM">Hugh Oldham</a>, the first free <a href="/facts/Grammar_school/zhD4Mmn0">grammar school</a> in <a href="/facts/Kingdom_of_England/1VqdIuFc">England</a>.</li> <li><a href="/facts/July_22/ELjSgYau">July 22</a> – At the <a href="/facts/First_Congress_of_Vienna/XJIQlBfY">First Congress of Vienna</a>, a double wedding takes place to cement agreements. <a href="/facts/Louis_II_of_Hungary_and_Bohemia/KQHrA6fo">Louis</a>, only son of King <a href="/facts/Vladislaus_II_of_Hungary/jwxhVYR2">Vladislaus II of Hungary</a>, marries <a href="/facts/Mary_of_Hungary_(governor_of_the_Netherlands)/hu4sfXUr">Mary of Austria</a>, granddaughter of <a href="/facts/Maximilian_I%2c_Holy_Roman_Emperor/4f8SjFsX">Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor</a>; and Mary's brother, <a href="/facts/Ferdinand_I%2c_Holy_Roman_Emperor/4mMFlXNV">Archduke Ferdinand</a>, marries Vladislaus' daughter, <a href="/facts/Anna_of_Bohemia_and_Hungary/lDg71A8W">Anna</a>.</li> <li><a href="/facts/August_12/0WqFFwMy">August 12</a> – <a href="/facts/Isabella_of_Austria/v7eKohbm">Isabella of Austria</a> is crowned as Queen consort of Denmark and Norway after her marriage to <a href="/facts/Christian_II_of_Denmark/MMvc3zWb">King Christian II</a> is ratified.</li> <li><a href="/facts/August_25/U2BMVhpt">August 25</a> – Conquistador <a href="/facts/Diego_Vel%25C3%25A1zquez_de_Cu%25C3%25A9llar/2Bk44us6">Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar</a> founds <a href="/facts/Havana/Md8Krt6E">Havana</a>, <a href="/facts/Cuba/vHjTXLPW">Cuba</a>.</li> <li><a href="/facts/September_8/vJWAPBPB">September 8</a>– <a href="/facts/Lopo_Soares_de_Albergaria/bSkTyg2C">Lopo Soares de Albergaria</a> becomes the new <a href="/facts/List_of_governors_of_Portuguese_India/MzxYhfgg">Viceroy of Portuguese India</a> as Afonso de Albuquerque resigns because of health problems.</li> <li><a href="/facts/September_14/12T7sEP3">September 14</a>– The <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Marignano/LseaQnsk">Battle of Marignano</a> concludes after two days as the army of <a href="/facts/Francis_I_of_France/US9aL69h">Francis I of France</a> defeats the <a href="/facts/Swiss_mercenaries/exGhbLkP">Swiss mercenaries</a>, thanks to the timely arrival of a <a href="/facts/Republic_of_Venice/5aqUw6gJ">Venetian</a> army. The French Army enters the <a href="/facts/Duchy_of_Milan/GBIKAYF3">Duchy of Milan</a> on September 17 and reclaims it for King Francis.</li></ul> <h3>October–December</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/October_2/Mx6naLFK">October 2</a> – In India, <a href="/facts/Suja_Rathore_of_Marwar/9hv8HTbj">Suja Rathore of Marwar</a> dies after ruling Marawar for 23 years, and two of his grandsons, <a href="/facts/Biram_Singh_Rathore_of_Marwar/TVDxaBI6">Biram Singh Rathore</a> and <a href="/facts/Rao_Ganga/qJzhyRFY">Rao Ganga</a>, compete for the throne.</li> <li><a href="/facts/October_4/eRgxIz2l">October 4</a> – <a href="/facts/Maximilian_Sforza/Xc48dCCT">Maximilian Sforza</a>, <a href="/facts/Duke_of_Milan/SQ0RFGJB">Duke of Milan</a>, surrenders to the French forces and is imprisoned until the arrival of King Francis.</li> <li><a href="/facts/October_8/8L9N9dls">October 8</a> – Portuguese explorer <a href="/facts/Juan_D%25C3%25ADaz_de_Sol%25C3%25ADs/e0nrFrHf">Juan Díaz de Solís</a> departs from <a href="/facts/Sanl%25C3%25BAcar_de_Barrameda/mSS5hGd5">Sanlúcar de Barrameda</a> in <a href="/facts/Spain/bIyrB8EY">Spain</a> with three ships and 70 men on a disastrous expedition toward the southern part of the continent of South America. Soon after landing at what is now <a href="/facts/Uruguay/X6V0apCb">Uruguay</a>, Díaz and most of his crew are killed by the <a href="/facts/Charr%25C3%25BAa/bscKTYXs">Charrúa</a> people shortly after their arrival in January.</li> <li><a href="/facts/October_11/poTT45D9">October 11</a> – King Francis enters the city of Milan with <a href="/facts/Charles_III%2c_Duke_of_Savoy/fj4Fv859">Charles III, Duke of Savoy</a> and <a href="/facts/William_IX%2c_Marquis_of_Montferrat/TkufNNUW">William IX, Marquis of Montferrat</a>. Francis becomes Duke of Milan and sends Duke Maximilian into exile in France, providing hm with an annual annuity of 35,000 <a href="/facts/%25C3%2589cu/vGouNYpb">écus</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/November_8/gcIyKoSF">November 8</a> – At <a href="/facts/Jodhpur/llc7woJ8">Jodhpur</a>, <a href="/facts/Rao_Ganga/qJzhyRFY">Rao Ganga</a> became the new ruler of the <a href="/facts/Marwar/jSLrw25U">Kingdom of Marwar</a> in what is now the Indian state of <a href="/facts/Rajasthan/rC0MvrRD">Rajasthan</a>, after the Rathore nobility determine that he is better suited to rule than his older brother Rao Viramde or his cousin Biram Singh.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/November_15/5XjT5ocg">November 15</a> – <a href="/facts/Thomas_Wolsey/ECWmU14l">Thomas Wolsey</a> is invested as a <a href="/facts/Cardinal_(Catholicism)/Acxx5Hd4">Roman Catholic Cardinal</a>.</li> <li><a href="/facts/December_18/54N9zaoh">December 18</a> – King <a href="/facts/Francis_I_of_France/US9aL69h">Francis I of France</a>, victorious in the <a href="/facts/Battle_of_Marignano/LseaQnsk">battle of Marignano</a> in Italy and the new ruler of Milan, begins four days of meetings in <a href="/facts/Bologna/glE9rlrW">Bologna</a> with <a href="/facts/Pope_Leo_X/cFGNYGwt">Pope Leo X</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> King Francis agrees to ensure the Pope's authority over the Catholic Church in France, and Leo promises to support Francis' claim to the throne of Naples.</li> <li><a href="/facts/December_24/UQTXc57P">December 24</a> – <a href="/facts/Thomas_Wolsey/ECWmU14l">Thomas Wolsey</a> is named <a href="/facts/Lord_Chancellor/2rbLTEs6">Lord Chancellor</a> of England.</li> <li><a href="/facts/December_22/zTzeBtvz">December 22</a> – The 3rd English Parliament of King Henry VIII closes with the King giving <a href="/facts/Royal_assent/lxMqxy43">royal assent</a> to the Avowries Act, the Kynges Revenues Act, the "Acte for the Staple of Calice" and "the Act avoiding pulling down of Towns".</li></ul> <h3>Date unknown</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Cardinal_Wolsey/ECWmU14l">Cardinal Wolsey</a> orders construction to begin on what is to become <a href="/facts/Henry_VIII/LFgGAjh0">Henry VIII</a>'s future summer residence <a href="/facts/Hampton_Court_Palace/jLMSwzMh">Hampton Court Palace</a>.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Bartolom%25C3%25A9_de_las_Casas/toVIGCjM">Bartolomé de las Casas</a> urges <a href="/facts/Ferdinand_II_of_Aragon/lt1dHN67">Ferdinand II of Aragon</a> to end <a href="/facts/Amerindian/LG2r6wXm">Amerindian</a> slavery, and recommends experimental free towns.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a></li> <li>The <a href="/facts/Portuguese_people/1nLGh91a">Portuguese</a> are the first Europeans to land in <a href="/facts/Timor/H4dozDNo">Timor</a> island, as the first settlers arrive to the north coast of Madeira Island, there establishing Saint George.</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/D%25C3%25BCrer%2527s_Rhinoceros/k2rjEWoH">Dürer's Rhinoceros</a></i> is cut.</li> <li>The <a href="/facts/Ottoman_Empire/6QvfTRsg">Ottomans</a> conquer the last beyliks of Anatolia, the <a href="/facts/Beylik_of_Dulkadir/tH61jpTL">Beylik of Dulkadir</a> and the <a href="/facts/Ramadanid_Emirate/8mRTwr8m">Ramadanid Emirate</a>.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Henry_Cornelius_Agrippa/sj4aGa9F">Henry Cornelius Agrippa</a> returns to <a href="/facts/Northern_Italy/paEuCnnf">Northern Italy</a>.</li></ul> <h2 id="births">Births</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/January_1/SI1VAKRT">January 1</a> – <a href="/facts/Johann_Weyer/2ydSh5Ro">Johann Weyer</a>, Dutch physician (d. <a href="/facts/1588/ma1S28Ld">1588</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/February_4/6MnFnWYE">February 4</a> – <a href="/facts/Miko%25C5%2582aj_%2522the_Black%2522_Radziwi%25C5%2582%25C5%2582/pNNPbT5w">Mikołaj "the Black" Radziwiłł</a>, Polish magnate (d. <a href="/facts/1565/RDqm2lWr">1565</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/February_14/CpNgqcq1">February 14</a> – <a href="/facts/Frederick_III%2c_Elector_Palatine/zJ1uNncc">Frederick III, Elector Palatine</a>, ruler from the house of Wittelsbach (d. <a href="/facts/1576/UcgjueqG">1576</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/February_18/WmbangCr">February 18</a> – <a href="/facts/Valerius_Cordus/HLbAXdyB">Valerius Cordus</a>, German physician, botanist and author (d. <a href="/facts/1544/wA75k1HF">1544</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/March_10/pcuzvzSX">March 10</a> – <a href="/facts/Injong_of_Joseon/CfJWk1QL">Injong of Joseon</a>, 12th king of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea (d. <a href="/facts/1545/1k1L1w9D">1545</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/March_12/0dYB7LrQ">March 12</a> – <a href="/facts/Caspar_Othmayr/Yb1Pq0Q4">Caspar Othmayr</a>, German Protestant priest, theologian and composer (d. <a href="/facts/1553/rhncob50">1553</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/March_28/4dtge7PT">March 28</a> – <a href="/facts/Teresa_of_%25C3%2581vila/3UC6kNeV">Teresa of Ávila</a>, Spanish Carmelite nun, poet and saint (d. <a href="/facts/1582/QhwAS5jj">1582</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/May_2/Jkr8fs6q">May 2</a> – <a href="/facts/Sibylle_of_Saxony/1NN4NzL8">Sibylle of Saxony</a>, Duchess of Saxe-Lauenburg (d. <a href="/facts/1592/UlFy2P5N">1592</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/May_12/07PVkbMH">May 12</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Christoph%2c_Duke_of_W%25C3%25BCrttemberg/h4JIwLfn">Christoph, Duke of Württemberg</a> (1550–1568) (d. <a href="/facts/1568/eQJagMeT">1568</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Gilbert_Kennedy%2c_3rd_Earl_of_Cassilis/3nJPqU91">Gilbert Kennedy, 3rd Earl of Cassilis</a>, Scottish politician and judge (d. <a href="/facts/1558/Lc9zdg5q">1558</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/June_15/Gv1phhWL">June 15</a> – <a href="/facts/Anne_Parr%2c_Countess_of_Pembroke/nwL19Q86">Anne Parr, Countess of Pembroke</a>, English countess (d. <a href="/facts/1552/nEnh8LNm">1552</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/July_4/a37pJw4h">July 4</a> – <a href="/facts/Eleonora_d%2527Este_(1515-1575)/LjXm03RH">Eleonora d'Este</a>, Ferranese noblewoman (d. <a href="/facts/1575/xBuhPn0F">1575</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/July_10/QI64koSa">July 10</a> – <a href="/facts/Francisco_de_Toledo/YVCxUfYc">Francisco de Toledo</a>, Viceroy of Peru (d. <a href="/facts/1582/QhwAS5jj">1582</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/July_14/8aa0mIXE">July 14</a> – <a href="/facts/Philip_I%2c_Duke_of_Pomerania/nY7vCAJe">Philip I, Duke of Pomerania</a>-Wolgast (d. <a href="/facts/1560/62FBu2cz">1560</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/July_21/TjbcmpgH">July 21</a> – <a href="/facts/Philip_Neri/Mb7u9tlm">Philip Neri</a>, Italian Roman Catholic saint (d. <a href="/facts/1595/n0xJEldr">1595</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/September_8/vJWAPBPB">September 8</a> – <a href="/facts/Alfonso_Salmeron/o0yUqmK3">Alfonso Salmeron</a>, Spanish biblical scholar and early Jesuit (d. <a href="/facts/1585/B0souFk1">1585</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/September_22/YtClwxAE">September 22</a> – <a href="/facts/Anne_of_Cleves/INg5Y6p1">Anne of Cleves</a>, Fourth Queen of <a href="/facts/Henry_VIII_of_England/LFgGAjh0">Henry VIII of England</a> (d. <a href="/facts/1557/sK2gm1Vj">1557</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/October_4/eRgxIz2l">October 4</a> – <a href="/facts/Lucas_Cranach_the_Younger/x9Skg3Ek">Lucas Cranach the Younger</a>, German painter (d. <a href="/facts/1586/GDCrxNlJ">1586</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/October_7/mqqBnwWR">October 7</a> – <a href="/facts/Infante_Edward%2c_4th_Duke_of_Guimar%25C3%25A3es/WtYRlA8s">Infante Duarte, Duke of Guimarães</a>, son of King Manuel I of Portugal (d. <a href="/facts/1540/fHLmH4mr">1540</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/October_8/8L9N9dls">October 8</a> – <a href="/facts/Margaret_Douglas/WoTAalpF">Margaret Douglas</a>, daughter of Archibald Douglas (d. <a href="/facts/1578/J3yqc1ed">1578</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/October_15/aljFmUX6">October 15</a> – <a href="/facts/Leone_Strozzi/pUTWVCoy">Leone Strozzi</a>, French Navy admiral (d. <a href="/facts/1554/HS1Qbd6X">1554</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/October_29/JP1TLGYp">October 29</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Vincenzo_Borghini/hxKwR4d6">Vincenzo Borghini</a>, Italian monk (d. <a href="/facts/1580/lCBsFw1f">1580</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Mary_of_Bourbon/drbSyzaG">Mary of Bourbon</a>, daughter of <a href="/facts/Charles%2c_Duke_of_Vend%25C3%25B4me/wfmaDu79">Charles, Duke of Vendôme</a> (d. <a href="/facts/1538/1wS9EKIt">1538</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/November_22/I2Yrha0Y">November 22</a> – <a href="/facts/Mary_of_Guise/NxPj5T26">Mary of Guise</a>, queen of <a href="/facts/James_V_of_Scotland/mHrcPX76">James V of Scotland</a> and regent of Scotland (d. <a href="/facts/1560/62FBu2cz">1560</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/December_15/JNJ0bo0L">December 15</a> – <a href="/facts/Maria_of_Saxony%2c_Duchess_of_Pomerania/p2bvMdEv">Maria of Saxony, Duchess of Pomerania</a> (d. <a href="/facts/1583/pVdAjU9B">1583</a>)</li> <li><i>date unknown</i> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Gilbert_Kennedy%2c_3rd_Earl_of_Cassilis/3nJPqU91">Gilbert Kennedy, 3rd Earl of Cassilis</a>, Scottish peer (d. <a href="/facts/1558/Lc9zdg5q">1558</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Sebastian_Castellio/BwUvMC76">Sebastian Castellio</a>, rector of the College of Geneva (d. <a href="/facts/1563/HXt2bCU9">1563</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Sehzade_Mustafa/RfNh506G">Sehzade Mustafa</a>, First born son of Suleiman the Magnificent by Mahidevran Hatun (d. <a href="/facts/1553/rhncob50">1553</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Crist%25C3%25B3bal_Acosta/FB71zJfD">Cristóbal Acosta</a>, Portuguese doctor and natural historian (d. <a href="/facts/1580/lCBsFw1f">1580</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Injong_of_Joseon/CfJWk1QL">Injong of Joseon</a>, 12th king of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea (d. <a href="/facts/1545/1k1L1w9D">1545</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Petrus_Ramus/GstkgclQ">Pierre de la Ramée</a>, French humanist scholar (d. <a href="/facts/1572/zpcWspuK">1572</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Thomas_Seckford/dhI04y9l">Thomas Seckford</a>, Master of Requests for Elizabeth I of England (d. <a href="/facts/1587/6NgqNB3w">1587</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Thomas_Watson_(bishop_of_Lincoln)/evLfszm3">Thomas Watson</a>, English Catholic bishop (d. <a href="/facts/1584/yy51sTGn">1584</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><i>probable</i> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Leonard_Digges_(scientist)/6Umd5qYk">Leonard Digges</a>, English mathematician and surveyor (d. c. <a href="/facts/1559/7LRHc141">1559</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Jean_Maillard/DWV0LxB7">Jean Maillard</a>, French composer</li> <li><a href="/facts/Laurence_Nowell/s8FqHQ5d">Laurence Nowell</a>, English antiquarian (d. <a href="/facts/1571/GMASSBou">1571</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Cipriano_de_Rore/XqXfwahB">Cipriano de Rore</a>, Flemish composer and teacher (d. <a href="/facts/1565/RDqm2lWr">1565</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Nicholas_Throckmorton/QKHHyUxo">Nicholas Throckmorton</a>, English churchman, last abbot of Westminster (d. <a href="/facts/1571/GMASSBou">1571</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/John_Willock/YqLa76Vg">John Willock</a>, Scottish reformer (d. <a href="/facts/1585/B0souFk1">1585</a>)</li></ul></li></ul> <h2 id="deaths">Deaths</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/January_1/SI1VAKRT">January 1</a> – King <a href="/facts/Louis_XII_of_France/weKUDmoR">Louis XII of France</a> (b. <a href="/facts/1462/KNlJoBmC">1462</a>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/February_6/ETlh2Hb3">February 6</a> – <a href="/facts/Aldus_Manutius/3N9tgTgC">Aldus Manutius</a>, Venetian printer (b. c. <a href="/facts/1449/Bw53V0mQ">1449</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/March_16/UN5MQNl6">March 16</a> – <a href="/facts/Queen_Janggyeong_(Joseon)/tBqT7NfR">Queen Janggyeong</a>, Korean royal consort (b. <a href="/facts/1491/DqFxpktQ">1491</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/April_15/3XXwm4v4">April 15</a> – <a href="/facts/Miko%25C5%2582aj_Kamieniecki/erJgQV2n">Mikołaj Kamieniecki</a>, Polish nobleman (szlachcic) and first Great Hetman of the Crown (b. <a href="/facts/1460/dCAT78GY">1460</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/June_13/1nU0k9gb">June 13</a> – <a href="/facts/Bozkurt_of_Dulkadir/FmyuDbdn">Alaüddevle Bozkurt</a>, Bey of Anatolian <a href="/facts/Beylik_of_Dulkadir/tH61jpTL">Dulkadir</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/September_4/maLcngq6">September 4</a> – <a href="/facts/Barbara_of_Brandenburg_(1464%25E2%2580%25931515)/DJM8QGnz">Barbara of Brandenburg</a>, Bohemian queen (b. <a href="/facts/1464/tWT9wxg5">1464</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/September_9/ehh04KhX">September 9</a> – <a href="/facts/Joseph_Volotsky/zUIxyJq6">Joseph Volotsky</a>, caesaropapist ideologist of the Russian Orthodox Church</li> <li><a href="/facts/October/V2SyT6DS">October</a> – <a href="/facts/Bartolomeo_d%2527Alviano/VEQNsMsw">Bartolomeo d'Alviano</a>, Venetian general (b. <a href="/facts/1455/ItectDJK">1455</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/November_5/R6zpvmwa">November 5</a> – <a href="/facts/Mariotto_Albertinelli/owUXGau0">Mariotto Albertinelli</a>, Italian painter (b. <a href="/facts/1474/zJadVDtQ">1474</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/December_2/e3FzUoxF">December 2</a> – <a href="/facts/Gonzalo_Fern%25C3%25A1ndez_de_C%25C3%25B3rdoba/U0NpQrd2">Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba</a>, Spanish general and statesman (b. <a href="/facts/1453/rqFBWIwH">1453</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/December_16/05Yaph5h">December 16</a> – <a href="/facts/Afonso_de_Albuquerque/acH5CHpW">Afonso de Albuquerque</a>, Portuguese naval general (b. <a href="/facts/1453/rqFBWIwH">1453</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/December_18/54N9zaoh">December 18</a> – <a href="/facts/Alexander_Stewart%2c_Duke_of_Ross/mLKaWv0L">Alexander Stewart, Duke of Ross</a>, Scottish prince (b. <a href="/facts/1514/T9rfLr6C">1514</a>)</li> <li><i>date unknown</i> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Giovanni_Giocondo/BbUtSmjx">Giovanni Giocondo</a>, Italian friar, architect and classical scholar (b. c. <a href="/facts/1433/2tTByxnl">1433</a> in Verona)</li> <li><a href="/facts/McCaul/qaIMwqlx">Eoghan Mac Cathmhaoil</a>, Irish Bishop of Clogher since <a href="/facts/1505/9kBKPq02">1505</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Me%25C3%25B1li_I_Giray/Q5vmeDwe">Meñli I Giray</a>, khan of the Crimean Khanate (b. <a href="/facts/1445/q1gVYTow">1445</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Pietro_Lombardo/gy2HnuWc">Pietro Lombardo</a>, Italian Renaissance sculptor and architect (b. <a href="/facts/1435/BpwqoR60">1435</a> in Carona (Ticino))</li> <li><a href="/facts/Nezahualpilli/VtrEuko8">Nezahualpilli</a>, Aztec philosopher (b. <a href="/facts/1464/tWT9wxg5">1464</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Alonso_de_Ojeda/WbINaNY8">Alonso de Ojeda</a>, Spanish conquistador (b. <a href="/facts/1466/6br9N538">1466</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><i>probable</i> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Vincenzo_Foppa/c5TCzq3c">Vincenzo Foppa</a>, Italian Renaissance painter (b. <a href="/facts/1430/YkBY0jmj">1430</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Quilago/QtgVqlbW">Quilago</a>, queen regnant of the <a href="/facts/Cochasqu%25C3%25AD/b8x9pEoc">Cochasquí</a> in Ecuador (b. <a href="/facts/1490/UNT8YCL1">1490</a>)</li></ul></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>R. J. Knecht (1994). Renaissance Warrior and Patron: The Reign of Francis I. Cambridge University Press. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-521-57885-1. <a href="978-0-521-57885-1" target="_blank">978-0-521-57885-1</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Ngô Sĩ Liên (1993), Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư, page 567, vol. 15, "Tương Dực Đế" <a href="/wiki/Ng%C3%B4_S%C4%A9_Li%C3%AAn" target="_blank">/wiki/Ng%C3%B4_S%C4%A9_Li%C3%AAn</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Weir, Alison. Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy p. 152 London: Random House, 2011 <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Christiane Schuchard: What is an indulgence commissioner?; in: ed. H. Kühne, Johann Tetzel and the indulgence: Companion volume to the exhibition »Tetzel - indulgence - purgatory«; exhibition in St. Nikolai church (Jüterbog) and in the monks' monastery; ISBN 978-3-86732-262-1 publisher Lukas Verlag, July 2017, p. 122 <a href="/wiki/St._Nikolai_church_(J%C3%BCterbog)" target="_blank">/wiki/St._Nikolai_church_(J%C3%BCterbog)</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Elaine Sanceau (1936), Indies Adventure: The Amazing Career of Afonso de Albuquerque, Captain-general and Governor of India (1509–1515), p. 268 <a href="/wiki/Elaine_Sanceau" target="_blank">/wiki/Elaine_Sanceau</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>British Library (2009). Henry VIII: Man and Monarch. British Library. p. 84. ISBN 978-0-7123-5025-9. <a href="978-0-7123-5025-9" target="_blank">978-0-7123-5025-9</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Kuntz, Joelle (December 18, 2015). "1515, l'année du rhinocéros". Le Temps (in French). ISSN 1423-3967. Retrieved October 29, 2022. <a href="https://www.letemps.ch/culture/1515-lannee-rhinoceros" target="_blank">https://www.letemps.ch/culture/1515-lannee-rhinoceros</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Jansen, Sharon L. (2002). The Monstrous Regiment of Women: Female Rulers in Early Modern Europe. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 271. <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Bhargava, Visheshwar Sarup (1966). Marwar and the Mughal Emperors (A. D. 1526-1748). Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal. p. 12. ISBN 978-8-12150-400-3. <a href="978-8-12150-400-3" target="_blank">978-8-12150-400-3</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Costigan, Richard F. (1966). "State Appointment of Bishops". Journal of Church and State. 8 (1, Winter): 89. doi:10.1093/jcs/8.1.82. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Minster, Christopher (2015). "Fray Bartolomé de Las Casas (1484-1566) Part Two: Later Years". About.com. Archived from the original on February 9, 2015. Retrieved February 9, 2015. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150209104030/http://latinamericanhistory.about.com/od/coloniallatinamerica/p/lascasas2.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20150209104030/http://latinamericanhistory.about.com/od/coloniallatinamerica/p/lascasas2.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>"Bartoleme de las Casas". OregonState.edu. 2015. Archived from the original on December 26, 2002. Retrieved February 9, 2015. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20021226015714/http://oregonstate.edu/instruct/phl302/philosophers/las_casas.html" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20021226015714/http://oregonstate.edu/instruct/phl302/philosophers/las_casas.html</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>"Anne of Cleves | Biography & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved September 21, 2020. <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Anne-of-Cleves-queen-of-England" target="_blank">https://www.britannica.com/biography/Anne-of-Cleves-queen-of-England</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>"Marie de Guise: Biography on Undiscovered Scotland". www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk. Retrieved April 20, 2020. <a href="https://www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk/usbiography/g/mariedeguise.html" target="_blank">https://www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk/usbiography/g/mariedeguise.html</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>"Louis XII | Facts, History, & Reign | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved June 1, 2022. <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Louis-XII" target="_blank">https://www.britannica.com/biography/Louis-XII</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>