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Extropianism
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<h2 id="extropy">Extropy</h2> <p>The term extropy, as defined by Max More, is "The extent of a living or organizational system’s intelligence, functional order, vitality, and capacity and drive for improvement".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> It means the opposite of <a href="/facts/Entropy/s52IXeFz">entropy</a>, metaphorically interpreted as the tendency to degenerate and die out. Extropianism is "the philosophy that seeks to increase extropy".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="extropy-institute">Extropy Institute</h2> <p>In 1986, More joined <a href="/facts/Alcor_Life_Extension_Foundation/tamc6vEU">Alcor</a>, a <a href="/facts/Cryonics/R6Qh8QpJ">cryonics</a> company, and helped establish (along with Michael Price, Garret Smyth and Luigi Warren) the first European cryonics organization, Mizar Limited (later Alcor UK).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> In 1987, More moved to Los Angeles from <a href="/facts/Oxford_University/ExVVQL6V">Oxford University</a> in England to work on his Ph.D. in philosophy at the <a href="/facts/University_of_Southern_California/N0v9R5gs">University of Southern California</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> </p><p>In 1988, <i>Extropy: The Journal of Transhumanist Thought</i> was first published. (For the first few issues, it was "Extropy: Vaccine for Future Shock".) This brought together thinkers with interests in <a href="/facts/Artificial_intelligence/lJGauQwX">artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="/facts/Nanotechnology/Co4FFNfY">nanotechnology</a>, <a href="/facts/Genetic_engineering/vwdlDR61">genetic engineering</a>, <a href="/facts/Life_extension/uQj1vQdg">life extension</a>, <a href="/facts/Mind_transfer/Egs4sJpN">mind uploading</a>, <a href="/facts/Idea_futures/D9JGo7RP">idea futures</a>, <a href="/facts/Robotics/wkmvodJz">robotics</a>, <a href="/facts/Space_exploration/2eKXYVdq">space exploration</a>, <a href="/facts/Memetics/MD7vEuTw">memetics</a>, and the politics and economics of <a href="/facts/Transhumanism/lTkdgFLo">transhumanism</a>. Alternative media organizations soon began reviewing the magazine, and it attracted interest from like-minded thinkers. Later, More and Tom Bell co-founded the Extropy Institute (ExI), a <a href="/facts/Non-profit_organization/AmXu2c85">non-profit</a> <a href="/facts/501(c)(3)/4KIsNFYp">501(c)(3)</a> educational organization.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> The institute was formed as a transhumanist networking and information center to use current scientific understanding along with critical and creative thinking to define a small set of principles or values that could help make sense of new capabilities opening up to humanity. </p><p>In 2006, the board of directors of the Extropy Institute made a decision to close the organisation, stating that its mission was "essentially completed."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Biopunk/QTeMRXAD">Biopunk movement</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Cyborg_anthropology/trIx6CaM">Cyborg anthropology</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Democratic_transhumanism/vl7EfcHx">Democratic transhumanism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Eclipse_Phase/EY1LzfDE">Eclipse Phase</a></i>, a tabletop game which uses the philosophy in its futuristic setting.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Effective_accelerationism/kKvmrRhf">Effective accelerationism</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Futures_studies/h59ennpW">Futures studies</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Holism/QnIpnLr6">Holism</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Omega_Point/f7LJbxDC">Omega Point</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Meliorism/FcNgNoks">Meliorism</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Negentropy/WHqI45gv">Negentropy</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Posthuman/53wKV62z">Posthuman</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Proactionary_Principle/fWlC6MKd">Proactionary Principle</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Russian_Cosmism/MPDkjc1c">Russian Cosmism</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Sustainability/9oYH9mAs">Sustainability</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Systems_philosophy/s7vhy6QE">Systems philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Systems_thinking/C56Ck7DQ">Systems thinking</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Transhumanism/lTkdgFLo">Transhumanism</a></li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <ul><li><a href="http://kk.org/thetechnium/extropy/">Kevin Kelly on Extropy</a> - <a href="/facts/Kevin_Kelly_(editor)/bFFbucpf">Kevin Kelly</a> at The Technium, August 29, 2009</li> <li><a href="http://www.extropy.org/">"Transhumanism's Extropy Institute - Transhumanism for a better future"</a>. Retrieved 1 August 2013.</li> <li><a href="https://www.nanotech-now.com/extropian-sites.htm">"Extropian, Transhuman, and Future Tech Sites"</a>. <i>Nanotechnology Now</i>.</li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Max More (2003). "Principles of Extropy (Version 3.11) : An evolving framework of values and standards for continuously improving the human condition". Extropy Institute. Archived from the original on 2013-10-15. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131015142449/http://extropy.org/principles.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20131015142449/http://extropy.org/principles.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Max More (2003). "Principles of Extropy (Version 3.11) : An evolving framework of values and standards for continuously improving the human condition". Extropy Institute. Archived from the original on 2013-10-15. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131015142449/http://extropy.org/principles.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20131015142449/http://extropy.org/principles.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Regis, Ed (October 1, 1994). "Meet the Extropians". Wired. ISSN 1059-1028. Retrieved 2024-10-24. <a href="https://www.wired.com/1994/10/extropians/" target="_blank">https://www.wired.com/1994/10/extropians/</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Prisco, Giulio (March 4, 2021). "The Extropian Roots of Bitcoin". CCN. <a href="https://www.ccn.com/extropian-roots-bitcoin/" target="_blank">https://www.ccn.com/extropian-roots-bitcoin/</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>More, Max (2003). "Principles of Extropy | Version 3.1". Extropy Institute. Archived from the original on 2003-09-19. <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20030919194923/http://extropy.org/principles.htm" target="_blank">http://web.archive.org/web/20030919194923/http://extropy.org/principles.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Regis, Ed (October 1, 1994). "Meet the Extropians". Wired. ISSN 1059-1028. Retrieved 2024-10-24. <a href="https://www.wired.com/1994/10/extropians/" target="_blank">https://www.wired.com/1994/10/extropians/</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>"The Alcor Team". Retrieved 26 May 2016. <a href="http://www.alcor.org/AboutAlcor/meetalcorstaff.html" target="_blank">http://www.alcor.org/AboutAlcor/meetalcorstaff.html</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Regis, Ed (October 1, 1994). "Meet the Extropians". Wired. ISSN 1059-1028. Retrieved 2024-10-24. <a href="https://www.wired.com/1994/10/extropians/" target="_blank">https://www.wired.com/1994/10/extropians/</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Regis, Ed (October 1, 1994). "Meet the Extropians". Wired. ISSN 1059-1028. Retrieved 2024-10-24. <a href="https://www.wired.com/1994/10/extropians/" target="_blank">https://www.wired.com/1994/10/extropians/</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>"Extropianism". www.mit.edu. January 5, 1996. Retrieved 2024-10-24. <a href="https://www.mit.edu/people/jpbonsen/extropianism.html" target="_blank">https://www.mit.edu/people/jpbonsen/extropianism.html</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>"Next Steps". Extropy Institute. 2006. Archived from the original on 2011-02-25. Retrieved 2006-05-05. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110225075011/http://www.extropy.org/future.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20110225075011/http://www.extropy.org/future.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>