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<h2 id="sources">Sources</h2> <ul><li>Chkeidze, Thea (2001). <a href="https://iranicaonline.org/articles/georgia-v-">"Georgia v. Linguistic contacts with Iranian languages"</a>. In <a href="/facts/Ehsan_Yarshater/AjH4K6mg">Yarshater, Ehsan</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/facts/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Iranica/vpxGm0xG">Encyclopædia Iranica</a></i>. Vol. X/5: Geography IV–Germany VI. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 486–490. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-0-933273-53-5.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Touraj_Daryaee/sJ5MvNYr">Daryaee, Touraj</a> (2014). <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LU0BAwAAQBAJ"><i>Sasanian Persia: The Rise and Fall of an Empire</i></a>. I.B.Tauris. pp. 1–240. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-0857716668.</li> <li>McDonough, Scott (2013). <a href="https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195304657.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780195304657-e-31">"Military and Society in Sasanian Iran"</a>. In Campbell, Brian; Tritle, Lawrence A. (eds.). <i>The Oxford Handbook of Warfare in the Classical World</i>. Oxford University Press. pp. 1–783. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 9780195304657.</li> <li>Romeny, R. B. ter Haar (2010). <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZxDi924k4RIC"><i>Religious Origins of Nations?: The Christian Communities of the Middle East</i></a>. Brill. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 9789004173750.</li> <li>Shaki, Mansour (1991). <a href="https://iranicaonline.org/articles/class-system-iii">"Class System iii. In the Parthian and Sasanian Periods"</a>. In <a href="/facts/Ehsan_Yarshater/AjH4K6mg">Yarshater, Ehsan</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/facts/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Iranica/vpxGm0xG">Encyclopædia Iranica</a></i>. Vol. V/6: C̆ihrdād Nask–Class system V. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 652–658. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-0-939214-73-0.</li> <li>Waters, Matt (2014). <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=__xGAgAAQBAJ&q=false"><i>Ancient Persia: A Concise History of the Achaemenid Empire, 550–330 BCE</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. pp. 1–272. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 9781107652729.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Cyril_Toumanoff/47eKGePW">Toumanoff, C.</a>; Chaumont, M. L. (1987). <a href="https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/azad-older-azat">"Āzād (Iranian Nobility)"</a>. In <a href="/facts/Ehsan_Yarshater/AjH4K6mg">Yarshater, Ehsan</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/facts/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Iranica/vpxGm0xG">Encyclopædia Iranica</a></i>. Vol. III/2: Awāʾel al-maqālāt–Azerbaijan IV. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 169–170. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-0-71009-114-7.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Josef_Wieseh%25C3%25B6fer/HF0FT5SB">Wiesehöfer, Josef</a> (2001). <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yFocMaM49SgC&q=false"><i>Ancient Persia</i></a>. Translated by Azodi, Azizeh. I.B. Tauris. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-1-86064-675-1.</li> <li>Zakeri, Mohsen (1995), <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VfYnu5F20coC"><i>Sasanid Soldiers in Early Muslim Society: The Origins of 'Ayyārān and Futuwwa</i></a>, Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 9783447036528</li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Toumanoff & Chaumont 1987, pp. 169–170. - Toumanoff, C.; Chaumont, M. L. (1987). "Āzād (Iranian Nobility)". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica. Vol. III/2: Awāʾel al-maqālāt–Azerbaijan IV. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 169–170. ISBN 978-0-71009-114-7. <a href="https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/azad-older-azat" target="_blank">https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/azad-older-azat</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Wiesehöfer 2001, p. 139. - Wiesehöfer, Josef (2001). Ancient Persia. Translated by Azodi, Azizeh. I.B. Tauris. ISBN 978-1-86064-675-1. <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yFocMaM49SgC&q=false" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=yFocMaM49SgC&q=false</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Toumanoff & Chaumont 1987, pp. 169–170. - Toumanoff, C.; Chaumont, M. L. (1987). "Āzād (Iranian Nobility)". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica. Vol. III/2: Awāʾel al-maqālāt–Azerbaijan IV. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 169–170. ISBN 978-0-71009-114-7. <a href="https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/azad-older-azat" target="_blank">https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/azad-older-azat</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Toumanoff & Chaumont 1987, pp. 169–170. - Toumanoff, C.; Chaumont, M. L. (1987). "Āzād (Iranian Nobility)". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica. Vol. III/2: Awāʾel al-maqālāt–Azerbaijan IV. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 169–170. ISBN 978-0-71009-114-7. <a href="https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/azad-older-azat" target="_blank">https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/azad-older-azat</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Romeny 2010, p. 267. - Romeny, R. B. ter Haar (2010). Religious Origins of Nations?: The Christian Communities of the Middle East. Brill. ISBN 9789004173750. <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZxDi924k4RIC" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=ZxDi924k4RIC</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Chkeidze 2001, pp. 486–490. - Chkeidze, Thea (2001). "Georgia v. Linguistic contacts with Iranian languages". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica. Vol. X/5: Geography IV–Germany VI. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 486–490. ISBN 978-0-933273-53-5. <a href="https://iranicaonline.org/articles/georgia-v-" target="_blank">https://iranicaonline.org/articles/georgia-v-</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Toumanoff & Chaumont 1987, pp. 169–170. - Toumanoff, C.; Chaumont, M. L. (1987). "Āzād (Iranian Nobility)". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica. Vol. III/2: Awāʾel al-maqālāt–Azerbaijan IV. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 169–170. ISBN 978-0-71009-114-7. <a href="https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/azad-older-azat" target="_blank">https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/azad-older-azat</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Toumanoff & Chaumont 1987, pp. 169–170. - Toumanoff, C.; Chaumont, M. L. (1987). "Āzād (Iranian Nobility)". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica. Vol. III/2: Awāʾel al-maqālāt–Azerbaijan IV. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 169–170. ISBN 978-0-71009-114-7. <a href="https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/azad-older-azat" target="_blank">https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/azad-older-azat</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Wiesehöfer 2001, p. 171. - Wiesehöfer, Josef (2001). Ancient Persia. Translated by Azodi, Azizeh. I.B. Tauris. ISBN 978-1-86064-675-1. <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yFocMaM49SgC&q=false" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=yFocMaM49SgC&q=false</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Daryaee 2014, p. 10. - Daryaee, Touraj (2014). Sasanian Persia: The Rise and Fall of an Empire. I.B.Tauris. pp. 1–240. ISBN 978-0857716668. <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LU0BAwAAQBAJ" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=LU0BAwAAQBAJ</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Shaki 1991, pp. 652–658. - Shaki, Mansour (1991). "Class System iii. In the Parthian and Sasanian Periods". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica. Vol. V/6: C̆ihrdād Nask–Class system V. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 652–658. ISBN 978-0-939214-73-0. <a href="https://iranicaonline.org/articles/class-system-iii" target="_blank">https://iranicaonline.org/articles/class-system-iii</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>McDonough 2013, p. 604. - McDonough, Scott (2013). "Military and Society in Sasanian Iran". In Campbell, Brian; Tritle, Lawrence A. (eds.). The Oxford Handbook of Warfare in the Classical World. Oxford University Press. pp. 1–783. ISBN 9780195304657. <a href="https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195304657.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780195304657-e-31" target="_blank">https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195304657.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780195304657-e-31</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Daryaee 2014, p. 45. - Daryaee, Touraj (2014). Sasanian Persia: The Rise and Fall of an Empire. I.B.Tauris. pp. 1–240. ISBN 978-0857716668. <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LU0BAwAAQBAJ" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=LU0BAwAAQBAJ</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>Daryaee 2014, p. 121. - Daryaee, Touraj (2014). Sasanian Persia: The Rise and Fall of an Empire. I.B.Tauris. pp. 1–240. ISBN 978-0857716668. <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LU0BAwAAQBAJ" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=LU0BAwAAQBAJ</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>Toumanoff & Chaumont 1987, pp. 169–170. - Toumanoff, C.; Chaumont, M. L. (1987). "Āzād (Iranian Nobility)". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica. Vol. III/2: Awāʾel al-maqālāt–Azerbaijan IV. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 169–170. ISBN 978-0-71009-114-7. <a href="https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/azad-older-azat" target="_blank">https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/azad-older-azat</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>Wiesehöfer 2001, p. 171. - Wiesehöfer, Josef (2001). Ancient Persia. Translated by Azodi, Azizeh. I.B. Tauris. ISBN 978-1-86064-675-1. <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yFocMaM49SgC&q=false" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=yFocMaM49SgC&q=false</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>Toumanoff & Chaumont 1987, pp. 169–170. - Toumanoff, C.; Chaumont, M. L. (1987). "Āzād (Iranian Nobility)". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica. Vol. III/2: Awāʾel al-maqālāt–Azerbaijan IV. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 169–170. ISBN 978-0-71009-114-7. <a href="https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/azad-older-azat" target="_blank">https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/azad-older-azat</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>