Menu
Home
People
Places
Arts
History
Plants & Animals
Science
Life & Culture
Technology
Reference.org
RIPE Atlas
open-in-new
<h2 id="history">History</h2> <p>RIPE Atlas was established in 2010 by the <a href="/facts/RIPE_Network_Coordination_Centre/W2dAICVa">RIPE Network Coordination Centre</a>. As of April 2022, it was composed of around 12,000 probes and more than 800 anchors around the world.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="technical-details">Technical details</h2> <ul><li>Measurement types: The measurement devices (probes and anchors) perform <a href="/facts/IPv4/bnQ5MEqm">IPv4</a> and <a href="/facts/IPv6/d4dg7kIL">IPv6</a> <a href="/facts/Traceroute/bV6FIdWw">traceroute</a>, <a href="/facts/Ping_(networking_utility)/BoyaWck6">ping</a>, <a href="/facts/Domain_Name_System/rfxdWFsj">DNS</a>, <a href="/facts/Network_Time_Protocol/vS21KqT5">NTP</a> and other measurements.</li> <li>Atlas Probe device types: <ul><li>Versions 1 and 2 of the probe: Lantronix XPort Pro <a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a></li> <li>Version 3 probe: modified <a href="/facts/TP-Link/LNvCalzr">TP-Link</a> <a href="/facts/Wireless_router/E1ye7RVV">wireless router</a> (model TL-MR 3020)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a></li> <li>Version 4 probe: NanoPi NEO Plus2 <a href="/facts/Single-board_computer/JaBPWTKF">single-board computer</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a></li> <li>Version 5 probe: custom design, derived from Turris Mox, developed by <a href="/facts/CZ.NIC/GIcRtBzv">CZ.NIC</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a></li></ul></li> <li>Atlas Anchor device types <ul><li>Version 2: Soekris Net6501-70 board in the 1U 19-inch rack-mounted case with additional <a href="/facts/SSD/aMHBy8gU">SSD</a></li> <li>Version 3: PC Engines APU2C2/APU2C4 in a 1U 19-inch rack-mounted case with additional SSD</li></ul></li> <li>Probes and Anchors can also be hosted in a <a href="/facts/Virtual_machine/BLevU3sx">virtual machine</a>, which is beneficial for organizations with existing server infrastructure<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a></li> <li>The back-end architecture was described in detail in the September 2015 edition of the Internet Protocol Journal <a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a></li></ul> <h2 id="community">Community</h2> <p>Anyone can volunteer to host a RIPE Atlas probe.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> Probes are free of charge, low maintenance, and can be plugged in behind a <a href="/facts/Home_router/sgQeFhbD">home router</a> or in a <a href="/facts/Data_center/DS5wJY41">data center</a>. </p><p>Organisations that want additional RIPE Atlas measurements targeting their network can host a RIPE Atlas anchor.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> </p><p>Tools for visualizing and analyzing RIPE Atlas measurement data are used by network operators for troubleshooting and network monitoring.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> </p><p>Open source software tools, written by RIPE Atlas users, are available in the repository for community contributions on GitHub.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> </p><p>Several hundred individuals also support RIPE Atlas as "ambassadors" by promoting participation and distributing probes. Organizations also support RIPE Atlas as sponsors.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a> </p><p>Multiple <a href="/facts/Hackerspace/acq7e6hb">hackerspaces</a> have installed RIPE Atlas probes and have their own project about displaying the probes presence.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="research-papers">Research papers</h2> <p>All the data collected by RIPE Atlas is <a href="/facts/Open_data/h9695bNE">open data</a> and is made publicly available to users and the wider Internet community. </p> <ul><li>Luconi, Valerio; Vecchio, Alessio (April 2023). <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1389128623000415">"Impact of the first months of war on routing and latency in Ukraine"</a>. <i>Computer Networks</i>. 224. Elsevier: 109596. <a href="/facts/ArXiv_(identifier)/H6EtgnBe">arXiv</a>:<a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.09202">2208.09202</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.comnet.2023.109596">10.1016/j.comnet.2023.109596</a>. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307141540/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1389128623000415">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-03-07. Retrieved 2023-05-23.</li> <li>Candela, Massimo; Luconi, Valerio; Vecchio, Alessio (December 2021). <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1389128621004734">"A worldwide study on the geographic locality of Internet routes"</a>. <i>Computer Networks</i>. 201. Elsevier: 108555. <a href="/facts/ArXiv_(identifier)/H6EtgnBe">arXiv</a>:<a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.08120">2307.08120</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.comnet.2021.108555">10.1016/j.comnet.2021.108555</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:239954817">239954817</a>. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231222132926/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1389128621004734">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-12-22. Retrieved 2023-05-23.</li></ul> <ul><li>Phokeer, Amreesh; Chege, Kevin; Chavula, Josiah; Elmokashfi, Ahmed; Gueye, Assane (April 2021). <a href="https://pulse.internetsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Measuring-Internet-Resilience-in-Africa-EN-May2021.pdf">"Measuring Internet Resilience in Africa"</a> (PDF). <i>Internet Society (ISOC)</i>. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210518122033/https://pulse.internetsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Measuring-Internet-Resilience-in-Africa-EN-May2021.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2021-05-18. Retrieved 2021-05-25.</li> <li>Corneo, Lorenzo; Eder, Maximilian; Mohan, Nitinder; Zavodovski, Aleksandr; Bayhan, Suzan; Wong, Walter; Gunningberg, Per; Kangasharju, Jussi; Ott, Jörg (November 2020). <a href="https://www.nitindermohan.com/documents/2021/pubs/surrounded_WWW.pdf">"Surrounded by the Clouds"</a> (PDF). <i>The Web Conference (WWW) 2021</i>. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210420125624/https://www.nitindermohan.com/documents/2021/pubs/surrounded_WWW.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2021-04-20. Retrieved 2021-04-20.</li> <li>Mohan, Nitinder; Corneo, Lorenzo; Zavodovski, Aleksandr; Bayhan, Suzan; Wong, Walter; Kangasharju, Jussi (November 2020). <a href="https://www.nitindermohan.com/documents/2020/pubs/pruningHotnets2020.pdf">"Pruning Edge Research with Latency Shears"</a> (PDF). <i>ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks (HotNets) 2020</i>. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201101024717/https://www.nitindermohan.com/documents/2020/pubs/pruningHotnets2020.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2020-11-01. Retrieved 2021-04-20.</li> <li>Viet Doan, Trinh; Tsareva, Irina; Bajpai, Vaibhav (November 2020). <a href="https://vaibhavbajpai.com/documents/papers/proceedings/dot-pam-2021.pdf">"Measuring DNS over TLS from the Edge: Adoption, Reliability, and Response Times"</a> (PDF). <i>Passive & Active Measurement (PAM) 2021</i>. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210305103219/https://vaibhavbajpai.com/documents/papers/proceedings/dot-pam-2021.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2021-03-05. Retrieved 2021-02-21.</li> <li>Bakhshaliyev, Khalid (December 2020). <a href="https://scholarworks.unr.edu/bitstream/handle/11714/7672/Bakhshaliyev_unr_0139D_13330.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y">"Processing large-scale Internet topology data to model Autonomous System Networks"</a> (PDF). <i>Dissertation</i>. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210826205517/https://scholarworks.unr.edu/bitstream/handle/11714/7672/Bakhshaliyev_unr_0139D_13330.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2021-08-26. Retrieved 2021-01-12.</li> <li>He, Jia; Jiang, Weifan; Gürmeriçliler, Ege; Essig, Georgia; Gupta, Arpit; Calder, Matt; Giotsas, Vasileios; Cunha, Italo; Katz-Bassett, Ethan; Arnold, Todd (2020). <a href="http://www.columbia.edu/~ta2510/pubs/postersDemos/2020-SIGCOMM-n2workshop-poster.pdf">"Poster: Footprint and Performance of Large Cloud Networks"</a> (PDF). <i>columbia.edu</i>. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220708233704/http://www.columbia.edu/~ta2510/pubs/postersDemos/2020-SIGCOMM-n2workshop-poster.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2022-07-08. Retrieved 2024-05-20.</li> <li>Ramanathan, Sivaramakrishnan; Hossain, Anushah; Mirkovic, Jelena; Yu, Minlan; Afroz, Sadia (October 2020). <a href="https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3419394.3423657">"Quantifying the Impact of Blocklisting in the Age of Address Reuse"</a>. <i>Proceedings of the ACM Internet Measurement Conference</i>. pp. 360–369. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F3419394.3423657">10.1145/3419394.3423657</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 9781450381383. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:222120978">222120978</a>. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231222132925/https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3419394.3423657">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-12-22. Retrieved 2020-11-03.</li> <li>Candela, Massimo; Luconi, Valerio; Vecchio, Alessio (2020). <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7439971">"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Internet latency: A large-scale study"</a>. <i>Computer Networks</i>. 182. Elsevier: 107495. <a href="/facts/ArXiv_(identifier)/H6EtgnBe">arXiv</a>:<a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.06127">2005.06127</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.comnet.2020.107495">10.1016/j.comnet.2020.107495</a>. <a href="/facts/PMC_(identifier)/dX1zMt71">PMC</a> <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7439971">7439971</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35023997">35023997</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:218613864">218613864</a>.</li> <li>Arnold, Todd; Gürmeriçliler, Ege; Essig, Georgia; Gupta, Arpit; Calder, Matt; Giotsas, Vasileios; Katz-Bassett, Ethan (6–9 July 2020). <a href="https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/139422/5/cloud_infocom_2020.pdf">"(How Much) Does a Private WAN Improve Cloud Performance?"</a> (PDF). <i>IEEE INFOCOM 2020 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications</i>. pp. 79–88. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109%2FINFOCOM41043.2020.9155428">10.1109/INFOCOM41043.2020.9155428</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-1-7281-6412-0. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:213748477">213748477</a>. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200920113845/https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/139422/5/cloud_infocom_2020.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 20 September 2020. Retrieved 4 September 2020.</li> <li>Strowes, Stephen; Wilhelm, Rene; Obser, Florian; Stagni, Riccardo; Formoso, Agust; Aben, Emile (10 June 2020). <a href="https://tma.ifip.org/2020/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/2020/06/tma2020-camera-paper23.pdf">"Debogonising 2a10::/12. Analysis of one week's visibility of a new /12"</a> (PDF). <i>International Federation for Information Processing</i>. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210511034754/https://tma.ifip.org/2020/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/2020/06/tma2020-camera-paper23.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 11 May 2021. Retrieved 12 June 2020.</li> <li>Fonseca, Osvaldo; Cunha, Ítalo; Fazzion, Elverton; Meira, Wagner; Junior, Brivaldo; Ferreira, Ronaldo; Katz-Bassett, Ethan (22–26 June 2020). <a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9142717">"Tracking Down Sources of Spoofed IP Packets"</a>. <i>IFIP Networking</i>: 208–216. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200929184607/https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9142717">Archived</a> from the original on 29 September 2020. Retrieved 21 November 2020.</li> <li>Al-Dalky, Rami; Rabinovich, Michael (2020). <a href="https://ant.isi.edu/events/dinr2020/P/p29.pdf">"On the Performance of DNS Resolvers in the IPv6 and ECS Era"</a> (PDF). <i>Case Western Reserve University</i>. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200924005413/https://ant.isi.edu/events/dinr2020/P/p29.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2020-09-24. Retrieved 2020-08-19.</li> <li>Müller, Moritz; Thomas, Matthew; Wessels, Duane; Hardaker, Wes; Chung, Taejoong; Toorop, Willem; van Rijswijk-Deij, Roland (2019). <a href="https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3355369.3355570">"Roll, Roll, Roll your Root"</a>. <a href="https://ris.utwente.nl/ws/files/169277959/3355369.3355570.pdf"><i>Proceedings of the Internet Measurement Conference</i></a> (PDF). pp. 1–14. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F3355369.3355570">10.1145/3355369.3355570</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 9781450369480. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:204812115">204812115</a>. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231016214229/https://ris.utwente.nl/ws/files/169277959/3355369.3355570.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2023-10-16. Retrieved 2023-08-03.</li> <li>Chavula, Josiah; Phokeer, Amreesh; Calandro, Enrico (22 March 2019). "Performance Barriers to Cloud Services in Africa's Public Sector: A Latency Perspective". <i>E-Infrastructure and e-Services for Developing Countries</i>. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering. Vol. 275. pp. 152–163. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-030-16042-5_15">10.1007/978-3-030-16042-5_15</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-3-030-16041-8. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:169836720">169836720</a>.</li> <li>Foremski, Pawel; Gasser, Oliver; Moura, Giovane (21–23 October 2019). <a href="https://pub.foremski.pl/2019-imc2019.pdf">"DNS Observatory: The Big Picture of the DNS"</a> (PDF). <i>Proceedings of the Internet Measurement Conference</i>. pp. 87–100. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F3355369.3355566">10.1145/3355369.3355566</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-1-4503-6948-0. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:204812083">204812083</a>. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191024143341/https://pub.foremski.pl/2019-imc2019.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 24 October 2019. Retrieved 24 October 2019.</li> <li>Moura, Giovane; Heidemann, John; De Schmidt, Ricardo; Hardaker, Wes (October 2019). "Cache Me if You Can: Effects of DNS Time-to-Live". <i>Proceedings of the Internet Measurement Conference</i>. pp. 101–115. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F3355369.3355568">10.1145/3355369.3355568</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-1-4503-6948-0. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:197622020">197622020</a>.</li> <li>Haq, Osama; Doucette, Cody; Byers, John; Dogar, Fahad (2019). "Judicious QoS using Cloud Overlays". <a href="/facts/ArXiv_(identifier)/H6EtgnBe">arXiv</a>:<a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1906.02562">1906.02562</a> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/archive/cs.NI">cs.NI</a>].</li> <li>Calandro, Enrico; Chavula, Josiah; Phokeer, Amreesh (22 March 2019). "Internet Development in Africa: A Content Use, Hosting and Distribution Perspective". <i>E-Infrastructure and e-Services for Developing Countries</i>. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering. Vol. 275. pp. 131–141. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-030-16042-5_13">10.1007/978-3-030-16042-5_13</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-3-030-16041-8. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:169471605">169471605</a>.</li> <li>Iodice, Mattia; Candela, Massimo; Di Battista, Giuseppe (2019). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109%2FACCESS.2019.2917804">"Periodic Path Changes in RIPE Atlas"</a>. <i>IEEE Access</i>. 7. IEEE: 65518–65526. <a href="/facts/Bibcode_(identifier)/9HtdQSGB">Bibcode</a>:<a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019IEEEA...765518I">2019IEEEA...765518I</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109%2FACCESS.2019.2917804">10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2917804</a>.</li> <li>Candela, Massimo; Gregori, Enrico; Luconi, Valerio; Vecchio, Alessio (2019). "Using RIPE Atlas for Geolocating IP Infrastructure". <i>IEEE Access</i>. 7: 48816–48829. <a href="/facts/Bibcode_(identifier)/9HtdQSGB">Bibcode</a>:<a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019IEEEA...748816C">2019IEEEA...748816C</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109%2FACCESS.2019.2909691">10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2909691</a>. <a href="/facts/Hdl_(identifier)/rdebSxmC">hdl</a>:<a href="https://hdl.handle.net/11568%2F988353">11568/988353</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:131778098">131778098</a>.</li> <li>Candela, Massimo; Gregori, Enrico; Luconi, Valerio; Vecchio, Alessio (2019). "Dissecting the Speed-of-Internet of Middle East".</li> <li>Yasin Nur, Abdullah; Engin Tozal, Mehmet (2018). "Cross-AS (X-AS) Internet topology mapping". <i>Computer Networks</i>. 132: 53–67. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.comnet.2018.01.011">10.1016/j.comnet.2018.01.011</a>.</li> <li>Lazar, David; Gilad, Yossi; Zeldovich, Nickolai (2018). <a href="http://people.csail.mit.edu/nickolai/papers/lazar-karaoke.pdf">"Karaoke: Distributed Private Messaging Immune to Passive Traffic Analysis"</a> (PDF). <i>MIT CSAIL</i>. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190712220926/http://people.csail.mit.edu/nickolai/papers/lazar-karaoke.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2019-07-12. Retrieved 2019-06-12.</li> <li>Candela, Massimo; Di Bartolomeo, Marco; Di Battista, Giuseppe; Squarcella, Claudio (2018). "Radian: Visual Exploration of Traceroutes". <i>IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics</i>. 24 (7): 2194–2208. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109%2FTVCG.2017.2716937">10.1109/TVCG.2017.2716937</a>. <a href="/facts/Hdl_(identifier)/rdebSxmC">hdl</a>:<a href="https://hdl.handle.net/11590%2F330144">11590/330144</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28641263">28641263</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:21071049">21071049</a>.</li> <li>Weinberg, Zachary; Cho, Shinyoung; Christin, Nicolas; Sekar, Vyas; Gill, Phillipa (2018). <a href="https://conferences.sigcomm.org/imc/2018/papers/imc18-final122.pdf">"How to Catch when Proxies Lie: Verifying the Physical Locations of Network Proxies with Active Geolocation"</a> (PDF). <i>Proceedings of the Internet Measurement Conference 2018</i>. pp. 203–217. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F3278532.3278551">10.1145/3278532.3278551</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-1-4503-5619-0. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:52906913">52906913</a>. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181031193131/https://conferences.sigcomm.org/imc/2018/papers/imc18-final122.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2018-10-31. Retrieved 2019-01-11.</li> <li>Scheitle, Quirin; Hohlfeld, Oliver; Gamba, Julien; Jelten, Jonas; Zimmermann, Torsten; Strowes, Stephen; Vallina-Rodriguez, Narseo (2018). <a href="http://eprints.networks.imdea.org/1887/1/imc18-final215.pdf">"A Long Way to the Top: Significance, Structure, and Stability of Internet Top Lists"</a> (PDF). <i>Proceedings of the Internet Measurement Conference 2018</i>. pp. 478–493. <a href="/facts/ArXiv_(identifier)/H6EtgnBe">arXiv</a>:<a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1805.11506">1805.11506</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F3278532.3278574">10.1145/3278532.3278574</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-1-4503-5619-0. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:44061275">44061275</a>. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190110183703/http://eprints.networks.imdea.org/1887/1/imc18-final215.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2019-01-10. Retrieved 2019-01-10.</li> <li>Khan, Mohammad Taha; de Blasio, Joe; Voelker, Geoffrey; Snoeren, Alex; Kanich, Chris; Vallina-Rodriguez, Narseo (2018). <a href="http://eprints.networks.imdea.org/1886/1/imc18-final198.pdf">"An Empirical Analysis of the Commercial VPN Ecosystem"</a> (PDF). <i>Proceedings of the Internet Measurement Conference 2018</i>. pp. 443–456. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F3278532.3278570">10.1145/3278532.3278570</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 9781450356190. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:53228195">53228195</a>. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190110183918/http://eprints.networks.imdea.org/1886/1/imc18-final198.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2019-01-10. Retrieved 2019-01-10.</li> <li><a href="https://na-production.s3.amazonaws.com/documents/Censorship_Measurement_Final.pdf">"Ensuring a Future for Detecting Internet Disruptions: A Field Survey of the Ecosystem Around Internet Censorship, Disruptions, and Shutdowns"</a> (PDF). <i>Open Technology Institute</i>. June 2017. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210827063248/https://na-production.s3.amazonaws.com/documents/Censorship_Measurement_Final.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2021-08-27. Retrieved 2021-02-03.</li> <li>Gigis, P.; Kotronis, V.; Aben, E.; Strowes, S. D.; Dimitropoulos, X. (July 2017). <a href="https://irtf.org/anrw/2017/anrw17-final7.pdf">"Characterizing User-to-User Connectivity with RIPE Atlas"</a> (PDF). <i>Proceedings of the Applied Networking Research Workshop</i>. pp. 4–6. <a href="/facts/ArXiv_(identifier)/H6EtgnBe">arXiv</a>:<a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1707.05038">1707.05038</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F3106328.3106332">10.1145/3106328.3106332</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 9781450351089. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:19771796">19771796</a>. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170914215941/https://irtf.org/anrw/2017/anrw17-final7.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2017-09-14. Retrieved 2017-07-17.</li> <li>Holterbach, T.; Aben, E.; Pelsser, C.; Bush, R.; Vanbeve, L. (July 2017). <a href="https://archive.psg.com/170602.anrw17-paper9.pdf">"Measurement Vantage Point Selection Using A Similarity Metric"</a> (PDF). <i>Proceedings of 2016 Applied Networking Research Workshop, Prague, Czech Republic</i>. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210827001137/https://archive.psg.com/170602.anrw17-paper9.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2021-08-27. Retrieved 2017-07-12.</li> <li>Shah, Anant; Fontugne, Romain; Aben, Emile; Pelsser, Cristel; Bush, Randy (2017). "Disco: Fast, good, and cheap outage detection". <a href="http://tma.ifip.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/tma2017_paper41.pdf"><i>2017 Network Traffic Measurement and Analysis Conference (TMA)</i></a> (PDF). IFIP. pp. 1–9. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.23919%2FTMA.2017.8002902">10.23919/TMA.2017.8002902</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-3-901882-95-1. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:7242136">7242136</a>. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210826154353/https://tma.ifip.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/tma2017_paper41.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2021-08-26. Retrieved 2017-07-04.</li> <li>Scheitle, Quirin; Gasser, Oliver; Sattler, Patrick; Carle, Georg (2017). <a href="http://tma.ifip.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/tma2017_paper8.pdf">"HLOC: Hints-Based Geolocation Leveraging Multiple Measurement Frameworks"</a> (PDF). <i>IEEE/IFIP TMA Conference 2017, Network Traffic Liaasurement and Analysis Conference, Dublin, Ireland</i>. IEEE/IFIP: 9. <a href="/facts/ArXiv_(identifier)/H6EtgnBe">arXiv</a>:<a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.09331">1706.09331</a>. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221201005036/https://tma.ifip.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/tma2017_paper8.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2022-12-01. Retrieved 2017-06-24.</li> <li>LI, Yue; Iannone, Luigi (2016). "Using RIPE atlas to evaluate the locator/Id Separation Protocol". <i>2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS)</i>. IEEE. pp. 696–697. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109%2FINFCOMW.2016.7562166">10.1109/INFCOMW.2016.7562166</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-1-4673-9955-5. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:14816542">14816542</a>.</li> <li>LI, Yue; Iannone, Luigi (2016). "Performance Evaluation of Locator/Identifier Separation Protocol through RIPE Atlas". <a href="http://tma.ifip.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/tma2017_paper8.pdf"><i>Proceedings of the 2016 ACM SIGCOMM Conference</i></a> (PDF). ACM. pp. 561–562. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F2934872.2959050">10.1145/2934872.2959050</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-1-4503-4193-6. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:1636819">1636819</a>. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221201005036/https://tma.ifip.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/tma2017_paper8.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2022-12-01. Retrieved 2017-06-24.</li> <li>Cunha, I.; Marchetta, P.; Calder, M.; Chiu, Y.; Schlinker, B.; Machado, B.; Pescape, A.; Giotsas, V.; Madhyastha, H.; Katz-Bassett., E. (2016). <a href="http://www-bcf.usc.edu/%7Ekatzbass/papers/sibyl-nsdi16.pdf">"Sibyl: A Practical Internet Route Oracle"</a> (PDF). <i>USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design & Implementation (NSDI)</i>. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170627104748/http://www-bcf.usc.edu/~katzbass/papers/sibyl-nsdi16.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2017-06-27. Retrieved 2017-07-11.</li> <li>Wassermann, S.; Casas, P.; Donnet, B.; Leduc, G.; Melia, M. (2016). <a href="http://orbi.ulg.ac.be/handle/2268/200967">"On the Analysis of Internet Paths with DisNETPerf, a Distributed Paths Performance Analyzer"</a>. <a href="http://porto.polito.it/2666872/1/WNM2016.pdf"><i>2016 IEEE 41st Conference on Local Computer Networks Workshops (LCN Workshops)</i></a> (PDF). pp. 72–79. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109%2FLCN.2016.031">10.1109/LCN.2016.031</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-1-5090-2347-9. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:17860465">17860465</a>.</li> <li>Jones, Ben; Feamster, Nick; Paxson, Vern; Weaver, Nicholas; Allman, Mark (2016). <a href="http://www.icir.org/mallman/pubs/JFP+16/JFP+16.pdf">"Detecting DNS Root Manipulation"</a> (PDF). <i>Passive and Active Measurement</i>. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 9631. pp. 276–288. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-319-30505-9_21">10.1007/978-3-319-30505-9_21</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-3-319-30504-2. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170829214550/http://www.icir.org/mallman/pubs/JFP+16/JFP+16.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2017-08-29. Retrieved 2017-09-14.</li> <li>Fonseca, Osvaldo; Fazzion, Elverton; Cunha, Ítalo; Bragioni, Pedro; Guedes, Dorgival; Meira, Wagner; Hoepers, Cristine; Steding-Jessen, Klaus; Chaves, Marcelo (2016). "Measuring, Characterizing, and Avoiding Spam Traffic Costs". <i>IEEE Internet Computing</i>. 20 (4): 16–24. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109%2FMIC.2016.53">10.1109/MIC.2016.53</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:16405193">16405193</a>.</li> <li>Bajpai, V.; Schonwalder, J. (2015). "A Survey on Internet Performance Measurement Platforms and Related Standardization Efforts". <i>Communications Surveys & Tutorials</i>. 17 (3): 1313–1341. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109%2FCOMST.2015.2418435">10.1109/COMST.2015.2418435</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:7846757">7846757</a>.</li> <li>Amin, Christopher; Candela, Massimo; Karrenberg, Daniel; Kisteleki, Robert; Strikos, Andreas (2015). "Visualization and Monitoring for the Identification and Analysis of DNS Issues". <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305140525/https://labs.ripe.net/Members/massimo_candela/visualization-and-monitoring-for-the-identification-and-analysis-of-dns-issues"><i>Proc. 10th International Conference on Internet Monitoring and Protection (ICIMP 2015), Brussels</i></a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-1-61208-413-8. Archived from <a href="https://labs.ripe.net/Members/massimo_candela/visualization-and-monitoring-for-the-identification-and-analysis-of-dns-issues">the original</a> on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 2015-11-04.</li> <li>Anwar, Ruwaifa; Niaz, Haseeb; Choffnes, David; Cunha, Ítalo; Gill, Phillipa; Katz-Bassett, Ethan (October 2015). <a href="http://conferences2.sigcomm.org/imc/2015/papers/p71.pdf">"Investigating Interdomain Routing Policies in the Wild"</a> (PDF). <i>Proceedings of the 2015 Internet Measurement Conference</i>. p. 71. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F2815675.2815712">10.1145/2815675.2815712</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 9781450338486. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10955615">10955615</a>. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160430015128/http://conferences2.sigcomm.org/imc/2015/papers/p71.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2016-04-30. Retrieved 2015-11-03.</li> <li>Giotsas, Vasileios; Smaragdakis, Georgios; Huffaker, Bradley; Luckie, Matthew; kc, claffy (2015). <a href="https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/123504/1/conext15_final233.pdf">"Mapping peering interconnections to a facility"</a> (PDF). <i>Proceedings of the 11th ACM Conference on Emerging Networking Experiments and Technologies</i>. ACM. pp. 1–13. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F2716281.2836122">10.1145/2716281.2836122</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-1-4503-3412-9. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:15195420">15195420</a>. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211004235314/https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/123504/1/conext15_final233.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2021-10-04. Retrieved 2023-08-03.</li> <li>Bajpai, Vaibhav; Eravuchira, Steffie Jacob; Schönwälder, Jürgen (2015-07-01). "Lessons Learned From Using the RIPE Atlas Platform for Measurement Research". <i>ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review</i>. 45 (3): 35–42. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F2805789.2805796">10.1145/2805789.2805796</a>. <a href="/facts/ISSN_(identifier)/DPAflDvU">ISSN</a> <a href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0146-4833">0146-4833</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:15680865">15680865</a>.</li> <li>Holterbach, Thomas; Pelsser, Cristel; Bush, Randy; Vanbever, Laurent (2015-01-01). <a href="https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01306027/file/cores2016.pdf">"Quantifying Interference between Measurements on the RIPE Atlas Platform"</a> (PDF). <i>Proceedings of the 2015 Internet Measurement Conference</i>. IMC '15. New York, NY, USA: ACM. pp. 437–443. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F2815675.2815710">10.1145/2815675.2815710</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-1-4503-3848-6. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:13902723">13902723</a>. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190619195457/https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01306027/file/cores2016.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2019-06-19. Retrieved 2019-06-19.</li> <li>Chiu, Y.; Schlinker, B.; Radhakrishnan, A. B.; Katz-Bassett, E.; Govindan, R. (2015). <a href="http://conferences2.sigcomm.org/imc/2015/papers/p523.pdf">"Are We One Hop Away from a Better Internet?"</a> (PDF). <i>Proceedings of the 2015 Internet Measurement Conference</i>. pp. 523–529. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F2815675.2815719">10.1145/2815675.2815719</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-1-4503-3848-6. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170627134441/http://conferences2.sigcomm.org/imc/2015/papers/p523.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2017-06-27. Retrieved 2017-07-11.</li> <li>Calder, M.; Flavel, A.; Katz-Bassett, E.; Mahajan, R.; Padhye, J. (2015). <a href="http://conferences2.sigcomm.org/imc/2015/papers/p531.pdf">"Analyzing the Performance of an Anycast CDN"</a> (PDF). <i>Proceedings of the 2015 Internet Measurement Conference</i>. pp. 531–537. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F2815675.2815717">10.1145/2815675.2815717</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-1-4503-3848-6. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170627134447/http://conferences2.sigcomm.org/imc/2015/papers/p531.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2017-06-27. Retrieved 2017-07-11.</li> <li>Anwar, R.; Niaz, H.; Choffnes, D.; Cunha, I.; Gill, P.; Katz-Bassett, E. (2015). <a href="http://conferences2.sigcomm.org/imc/2015/papers/p71.pdf">"Investigating Interdomain Routing Policies in the Wild"</a> (PDF). <i>Proceedings of the 2015 Internet Measurement Conference</i>. pp. 71–77. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F2815675.2815712">10.1145/2815675.2815712</a>. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-1-4503-3848-6. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160430015128/http://conferences2.sigcomm.org/imc/2015/papers/p71.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2016-04-30. Retrieved 2015-11-03.</li> <li>Dissecting Last-mile Latency Characteristics</li> <li>Vantage Point Selection for IPv6 Measurements: Benefits and Limitations of RIPE Atlas Tags</li> <li>Anderson, Collin; Winter, Philipp (2014). <a href="https://www.usenix.org/conference/foci14/workshop-program/presentation/anderson">"Global Network Interference Detection Over the RIPE Atlas Network"</a>. <i>4th USENIX Workshop on Free and Open Communications on the Internet (FOCI 14)</i>. USENIX. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240520132843/https://www.usenix.org/conference/foci14/workshop-program/presentation/anderson">Archived</a> from the original on 2024-05-20. Retrieved 2015-11-03.</li> <li>Sukhov, A. M.; Kuznetsova, N. Yu.; Pervitsky, A. K.; Galtsev, A. A. (2010). "Generating Function For Network Delay". <i>Journal of High Speed Networks</i>. 22 (4): 321. <a href="/facts/ArXiv_(identifier)/H6EtgnBe">arXiv</a>:<a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1003.0190">1003.0190</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3233%2FJHS-160552">10.3233/JHS-160552</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10873658">10873658</a>.</li></ul> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/PlanetLab/veAnGp8K">PlanetLab</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/PerfSONAR/BBkc3Fp6">PerfSONAR</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/OONI/1v4PTVb5">OONI</a></li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> Wikimedia Commons has media related to RIPE Atlas. <ul><li><a href="https://atlas.ripe.net">RIPE Atlas home page</a></li> <li><a href="https://github.com/RIPE-Atlas-Community">GitHub repository for RIPE Atlas community contributed software</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"Global RIPE Atlas Network Coverage". Archived from the original on 2022-04-24. Retrieved 2022-04-24. <a href="https://atlas.ripe.net/frames/results/maps/network-coverage/" target="_blank">https://atlas.ripe.net/frames/results/maps/network-coverage/</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"XPort Pro - World's Smallest Linux Networking Server - Lantronix". lantronix.com. 2014-08-29. Archived from the original on 2015-04-01. Retrieved 2015-11-03. <a href="http://www.lantronix.com/device-networking/embedded-device-servers/xport-pro.html" target="_blank">http://www.lantronix.com/device-networking/embedded-device-servers/xport-pro.html</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>"Portable 3G/4G Wireless N Router TL-MR3020 - Welcome to TP-LINK". tp-link.com. Archived from the original on 2015-09-08. Retrieved 2015-11-03. <a href="http://www.tp-link.com/en/products/details/cat-4691_TL-MR3020.html" target="_blank">http://www.tp-link.com/en/products/details/cat-4691_TL-MR3020.html</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Davies, Alun (26 February 2019). "New RIPE Atlas Version 4 Probes". RIPE. Archived from the original on 2019-03-01. Retrieved 2019-03-01. <a href="https://labs.ripe.net/Members/alun_davies/new-ripe-atlas-version-4-probes" target="_blank">https://labs.ripe.net/Members/alun_davies/new-ripe-atlas-version-4-probes</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>"x.com". X (formerly Twitter). Archived from the original on 2022-11-06. Retrieved 2022-11-06. <a href="https://mobile.twitter.com/bortzmeyer/status/1526932317838745602" target="_blank">https://mobile.twitter.com/bortzmeyer/status/1526932317838745602</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>"RIPE Atlas Software Probes". atlas.ripe.net. Archived from the original on 2024-01-04. Retrieved 2024-05-20. <a href="https://atlas.ripe.net/docs/howtos/software-probes.html" target="_blank">https://atlas.ripe.net/docs/howtos/software-probes.html</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>"Installing a Virtual Machine Anchor". atlas.ripe.net. Archived from the original on 2024-02-28. Retrieved 2024-05-20. <a href="https://atlas.ripe.net/docs/howtos/installing-vm-anchor.html" target="_blank">https://atlas.ripe.net/docs/howtos/installing-vm-anchor.html</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>"RIPE Atlas: A Global Internet Measurement Network" (PDF). Internet Protocol Journal. 18 (3). September 2015. ISSN 1944-1134. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2015-11-05. Retrieved 2015-11-03. <a href="http://ipj.dreamhosters.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/ipj18.3.pdf" target="_blank">http://ipj.dreamhosters.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/ipj18.3.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>"RIPE Atlas Info - RIPE Atlas — RIPE Network Coordination Centre". atlas.ripe.net. Archived from the original on 2023-12-22. Retrieved 2015-11-03. <a href="https://atlas.ripe.net/campaigns/c04a682c-0809-4bb1-8852-49fc947e6e2e/" target="_blank">https://atlas.ripe.net/campaigns/c04a682c-0809-4bb1-8852-49fc947e6e2e/</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>"Become a RIPE Atlas Anchor Host - RIPE Atlas — RIPE Network Coordination Centre". atlas.ripe.net. Archived from the original on 2015-04-02. Retrieved 2015-11-03. <a href="https://atlas.ripe.net/get-involved/become-an-anchor-host/" target="_blank">https://atlas.ripe.net/get-involved/become-an-anchor-host/</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>"RIPE Atlas: User Views and Use Cases — RIPE Labs". labs.ripe.net. Archived from the original on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 2015-11-03. <a href="https://labs.ripe.net/atlas/user-experiences/user-views-and-use-cases" target="_blank">https://labs.ripe.net/atlas/user-experiences/user-views-and-use-cases</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>"RIPE-Atlas-Community/ripe-atlas-community-contrib · GitHub". github.com. Archived from the original on 2013-06-08. Retrieved 2015-11-03. <a href="https://github.com/RIPE-Atlas-Community/ripe-atlas-community-contrib" target="_blank">https://github.com/RIPE-Atlas-Community/ripe-atlas-community-contrib</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>"Community - RIPE Atlas — RIPE Network Coordination Centre". atlas.ripe.net. Archived from the original on 2015-04-02. Retrieved 2015-11-03. <a href="https://atlas.ripe.net/get-involved/community/#!sponsors" target="_blank">https://atlas.ripe.net/get-involved/community/#!sponsors</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>"RIPE Atlas". HackerspaceWiki. Archived from the original on 2016-12-06. Retrieved 2017-02-22. <a href="https://wiki.hackerspaces.org/RIPE_Atlas" target="_blank">https://wiki.hackerspaces.org/RIPE_Atlas</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>