Calkin algebra

<h2 id="properties">Properties</h2>
<ul><li>Since K(H) is a maximal norm-closed ideal in B(H), the Calkin algebra is <a href="/facts/Simple_algebra/5ndCExsb">simple</a>. In fact, K(H) is the only closed ideal in B(H).</li></ul>
<ul><li>As a quotient of a <a href="/facts/C*-algebra/B3tnGHIo">C*-algebra</a> by a two-sided ideal, the Calkin algebra is a C*-algebra itself and there is a <a href="/facts/Short_exact_sequence/leUJnwJb">short exact sequence</a></li></ul>

0
        →
        K
        (
        H
        )
        →
        B
        (
        H
        )
        →
        B
        (
        H
        )
        
          /
        
        K
        (
        H
        )
        →
        0
      
    
    {\displaystyle 0\to K(H)\to B(H)\to B(H)/K(H)\to 0}

which induces a <a href="/facts/Bott_periodicity/GqgJRllU">six-term cyclic exact sequence</a> in <a href="/facts/Operator_K-theory/GkTW22Ur">K-theory</a>. Those operators in B(H) which are mapped to an invertible element of the Calkin algebra are called <a href="/facts/Fredholm_operator/FEa1xvxn">Fredholm operators</a>, and their <a href="/facts/Linear_map/Q1PBKNVV">index</a> can be described both using K-theory and directly. One can conclude, for instance, that the collection of unitary operators in the Calkin algebra consists of homotopy classes indexed by the integers Z. This is in contrast to B(H), where the unitary operators are path connected.
<ul><li>As a C*-algebra, the Calkin algebra is not isomorphic to an algebra of operators on a separable Hilbert space. The <a href="/facts/Gelfand-Naimark-Segal_construction/jm6BugY5">Gelfand-Naimark-Segal construction</a> implies that the Calkin algebra is isomorphic to an algebra of operators on a nonseparable Hilbert space, but while for many other C*-algebras there are explicit descriptions of such Hilbert spaces, the Calkin algebra does not have an explicit representation.</li></ul>
<ul><li>The existence of an outer automorphism of the Calkin algebra is shown to be independent of <a href="/facts/ZFC/UYIsPbXw">ZFC</a>, by work of Phillips and Weaver, and Farah.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3">3</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4">4</a></li></ul>
<h2 id="generalizations">Generalizations</h2>
<ul><li>One can define a Calkin algebra for any infinite-dimensional complex Hilbert space, not just separable ones.</li></ul>
<ul><li>An analogous construction can be made by replacing H with a <a href="/facts/Banach_space/sDEIk7EC">Banach space</a>, which is also called a Calkin algebra.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5">5</a></li></ul>
<ul><li>The Calkin algebra is the <a href="/facts/Corona_algebra/8XtVGWVT">Corona algebra</a> of the algebra of compact operators on a Hilbert space.</li></ul>

<h2 id="references">References</h2>

<ol>
<li id="fn:1">"A Community of Scholars, the Institute for Advanced Study, Faculty and Members 1930–1980" (PDF). ias.edu. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-11-24. Retrieved 2020-01-17. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111124234612/http://library.ias.edu/files/pdfs/hs/cos.pdf" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20111124234612/http://library.ias.edu/files/pdfs/hs/cos.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:2">Calkin, J. W. (1 October 1941). "Two-Sided Ideals and Congruences in the Ring of Bounded Operators in Hilbert Space". The Annals of Mathematics. 42 (4): 839–873. doi:10.2307/1968771. JSTOR 1968771. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:3">Phillips, N. Christopher; Weaver, Nik (1 July 2007). "The Calkin algebra has outer automorphisms". Duke Mathematical Journal. 139 (1): 185–202. arXiv:math/0606594. doi:10.1215/S0012-7094-07-13915-2. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:4">Farah, Ilijas (1 March 2011). "All automorphisms of the Calkin algebra are inner". Annals of Mathematics. 173 (2): 619–661. arXiv:0705.3085. doi:10.4007/annals.2011.173.2.1. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:5">Appell, Jürgen (2005). "Measures of noncompactness, condensing operators and fixed points: An application-oriented survey". Fixed Point Theory. 6 (2): 157–229. <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
</ol>

Calkin algebra open-in-new

Calkin algebra