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List of pollen sources
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<h2 id="spring">Spring</h2> <h3>Trees and shrubs – Spring</h3> <table><tbody><tr><th>Common name</th><th>Latin name</th><th>Blooming months</th><th>Pollen color</th><th>Availability</th><th>Source for honeybees</th></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Maple/xCgQIY4z">Maple</a></td><td><i>Acer</i> spp.</td><td>Feb – Apr</td><td>light yellow</td><td>feral</td><td>fair</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Manitoba_Maple/uKNS8lP5">Manitoba Maple</a> (Box elder)</td><td><i>Acer negundo</i></td><td>Feb – Apr</td><td>light olive</td><td>feral</td><td>good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Norway_maple/V7QLgGPI">Norway maple</a></td><td><i>Acer platanoides</i></td><td>Apr – May</td><td>yellow green, olive</td><td>feral</td><td>fair</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Red_Maple/uojT1DDe">Red Maple</a></td><td><i>Acer rubrum</i></td><td>Mar – Apr</td><td>grey brown</td><td>feral</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Alder/KbD9YG8w">Grey Alder</a></td><td><i>Alnus incana</i></td><td>Feb – Apr</td><td>brownish yellow</td><td>feral</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/American_Chestnut/fYA8bWze">American Chestnut</a></td><td><i>Castanea dentata</i></td><td>May – Jun</td><td></td><td>mostly ornamental</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Sweet_Chestnut/0PgMNCQ1">Sweet Chestnut</a></td><td><i>Castanea sativa</i></td><td>May</td><td></td><td>feral</td><td>good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Celtis/7MBUx61M">Common Hackberry</a></td><td><i>Celtis occidentalis</i></td><td>Apr – May</td><td></td><td>feral</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Quince/Hq0eoUp0">Flowering Quince</a></td><td><i>Chaenomeles japonica</i>, <i>Chaenomeles lagenaria</i>, <i>Chaenomeles speciosa 'Nivalis'</i>, <i>Chaenomeles x superba</i></td><td>Apr – May</td><td></td><td>feral</td><td>good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Hazel/K0gposzR">American Hazel</a></td><td><i>Corylus americana</i></td><td>Mar – Apr</td><td>light green</td><td>feral and ornamental</td><td>fair/good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Crataegus/SI3RcAJS">Hawthorn</a></td><td><i>Crataegus</i> spp.</td><td>Apr – May</td><td>yellow brown</td><td>feral</td><td>fair</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Fraxinus_americana/dMmBWpNk">White Ash</a></td><td><i>Fraxinus americana</i></td><td>Apr – May</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Honey_locust/aYIyURk6">Honey Locust</a></td><td><i>Gleditsia triancanthos</i></td><td>May – Jun</td><td></td><td>feral</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/American_holly/x7EQjvJj">American holly</a></td><td><i>Ilex opaca</i></td><td>Apr – Jun</td><td></td><td>feral</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Walnut/lEkDbm8N">Walnut</a></td><td><i>Juglans</i> spp.</td><td>Apr – May</td><td></td><td>cultivated</td><td>fair</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Liriodendron/pnQNc0HC">Tulip-tree</a></td><td><i>Lirodendron tulipifera</i></td><td>May – Jun</td><td>cream</td><td>feral and ornamental</td><td>good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Crab_Apple/MKp2k7Mq">Crab Apple</a></td><td><i>Malus</i> spp.</td><td>Mar – Jun</td><td>light olive</td><td>ornamental</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Apple/SF1WND0v">Apple</a></td><td><i>Malus domestica, Malus sylvestris</i></td><td>Apr – May</td><td>yellow white</td><td>cultivated and ornamental</td><td>very good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Platanus/7bKQWPHo">American Sycamore</a></td><td><i>Platanus occidentalis</i></td><td>Apr – May</td><td>light olive</td><td>feral</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Prunus/EcWe5fUK">Plum</a></td><td><i>Prunus</i> spp.</td><td>Apr – May</td><td>light grey, grey</td><td>ornamental and cultivated</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Almond/oArfgmdq">Almond</a></td><td><i>Prunus amygdalus</i></td><td>Feb</td><td>light brown to brown pollen – not considered a good pollen source but bees are the primary pollinator</td><td>cultivated mostly in California</td><td>fair</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Prunus_avium/BNuoHTpq">Wild Cherry</a></td><td><i>Prunus avium</i></td><td>Apr – May</td><td>yellow brown, light brown</td><td>feral</td><td>very good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Prunus_cerasifera/wNCy8KC6">Cherry Plum</a></td><td><i>Prunus cerasifera</i></td><td></td><td>light brown to brown</td><td>feral</td><td>fair</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Prunus_cerasus/BF8yLgXe">Sour Cherry</a></td><td><i>Prunus cerasus</i></td><td>Apr – May</td><td>dark yellow</td><td>ornamental and cultivated</td><td>very good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Peach/I7FLcBTU">Peach</a></td><td><i>Prunus persica</i></td><td>Apr – May</td><td>reddish yellow</td><td>ornamental and cultivated</td><td>good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Prunus/EcWe5fUK">Black Cherry</a></td><td><i>Prunus serotina</i></td><td>Apr – May</td><td></td><td>feral</td><td>minor</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Blackthorn/NtD0Y4zd">Blackthorn</a></td><td><i>Prunus spinosa</i></td><td>Mar – May</td><td>firebrick</td><td>feral</td><td>good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Pear/pRAKLrdK">Pear</a></td><td><i>Pyrus communis</i></td><td>Apr – May</td><td>red yellow</td><td>ornamental and cultivated</td><td>good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Oak/1NJJzkzB">Oak</a></td><td><i>Quercus</i> spp.</td><td>May</td><td></td><td>feral</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Oak/1NJJzkzB">Oak</a></td><td><i>Quercus robur</i>, <i>Quercus pedunculata</i></td><td>May</td><td>light olive</td><td>feral</td><td>minor</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Black_locust/IYlECUoF">Black Locust</a></td><td><i>Robinia pseudoacacia</i></td><td>May – Jun</td><td></td><td>feral</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Blackberry/MVD1DHFR">Blackberry</a></td><td><i>Rubus</i> spp.</td><td>May – Jun</td><td>light grey</td><td>feral and cultivated</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Raspberry/zHXkLC0s">Raspberry</a></td><td><i>Rubus idaeus</i></td><td>May – Jun</td><td>white grey</td><td>feral and cultivated</td><td>good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Willow/F66Xvslm">Willow</a></td><td><i>Salix</i> spp.</td><td>Feb – Apr</td><td>lemon</td><td>feral</td><td>good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/White_Willow/j3lA8hcv">White Willow</a></td><td><i>Salix alba</i></td><td></td><td></td><td>feral</td><td>good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Goat_Willow/Y77vJef6">Goat Willow</a></td><td><i>Salix caprea</i></td><td>Mar – Apr</td><td></td><td>feral</td><td>very good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Willow/F66Xvslm">Violet Willow</a></td><td><i>Salix daphnoides</i></td><td>Mar – Apr</td><td></td><td>feral</td><td>very good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Willow/F66Xvslm">Pussy Willow</a></td><td><i>Salix discolor</i></td><td>Mar – Apr</td><td></td><td>feral and ornamental</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Willow/F66Xvslm">Basket Willow</a></td><td><i>Salix purpurea</i></td><td>Mar – Apr</td><td></td><td>feral</td><td>very good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Willow/F66Xvslm">Silky leaf osier, Smith's Willow</a></td><td><i>Salix x smithiana</i></td><td>Apr – May</td><td></td><td></td><td>very good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Sorbus_americana/54V6KRcS">American mountain ash</a></td><td><i>Sorbus americana</i></td><td>May-Jun</td><td></td><td>feral</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Elm/jRBEeWEJ">American Elm</a></td><td><i>Ulmus americana</i></td><td>Feb – Apr</td><td>light grey</td><td>feral</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Winged Elm</td><td><i>Ulmus alata</i></td><td>Feb – Mar</td><td>pale yellow</td><td>feral</td><td>good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Elm/jRBEeWEJ">European field elm</a></td><td><i>Ulmus minor</i></td><td></td><td></td><td>feral</td><td>good</td></tr></tbody></table> <h4>Gallery</h4> <h3>Flowers and annual crop plants – Spring</h3> <table><tbody><tr><th>Common name</th><th>Latin name</th><th>Blooming months</th><th>Pollen color</th><th>Availability</th><th>Source for honeybees</th></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Ajuga/jD2nH2Aa">Ajuga</a> (Bronze Bugle, Common Bugle)</td><td><i>Ajuga reptans</i></td><td>mid spring</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Chives/ugm3fpy1">Chives</a></td><td><i>Allium schoenoprasum</i></td><td>May – Sep</td><td></td><td>cultivated?</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Asparagus/MoI6GaCN">Asparagus</a></td><td><i>Asparagus officinalis</i></td><td>May – Jun</td><td>bright orange</td><td>cultivated</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Mustard_plant/wCTpahzP">Mustard</a></td><td><i>Brassica arvenisi</i></td><td>Apr – May</td><td>lemon</td><td>cultivated and feral</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Canola/jQAEKgkS">Canola</a> (Oilseed Rape)</td><td><i>Brassica napus</i></td><td>May – Jun</td><td>lemon</td><td>extensively cultivated</td><td>very good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050204184340/http://www.meemelink.com/prints%20pages/13180.Iridaceae%20-%20Crocus%20aureus.htm">Yellow Crocus</a></td><td><i><a href="/facts/Crocus_vernus/FzT38ISR">Crocus vernus</a></i> (syn. <i>Crocus aureus</i>)</td><td>April</td><td>orange yellow</td><td>feral and ornamental</td><td>fair</td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060505081127/http://www.gardeningcd.com/PerenFrms/doron_co.htm">Leopard's Bane</a></td><td><i>Doronicum cordatum</i></td><td>Apr – May</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Winter_aconite/uoFLThjS">Winter aconite</a></td><td><i>Eranthis hyemalis</i></td><td>Mar – Apr</td><td>yellow</td><td>feral and ornamental</td><td>good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Snowdrop/sIgNYcRQ">Snowdrop</a></td><td><i>Galanthus nivalis</i></td><td>Mar – Apr</td><td>orange, red</td><td></td><td>fair</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Lamium/ESIo58fM">Henbit</a></td><td><i>Lamium amplexicaule</i></td><td>April</td><td>orange red, red, purplish red</td><td>Apr – Jul</td><td>poor</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Common_Mallow/6LjLvUoo">Common Mallow</a></td><td><i>Malva sp.</i></td><td>Apr – Sep</td><td>mauve</td><td>feral</td><td>good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/White_Sweet_Clover/uIx7Y6Ck">White Sweet Clover</a></td><td><i>Melilotus alba</i></td><td>May – Aug</td><td>yellow to dark yellow</td><td>feral and cultivated</td><td>good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Yellow_Sweet_Clover/Sr3HBYgy">Yellow Sweet Clover</a></td><td><i>Melilotus officinalis</i></td><td>May – Aug</td><td>yellow to dark yellow</td><td>feral and cultivated</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Sainfoin/Smsr5Ql0">Sainfoin</a></td><td><i>Onobrychis viciifolia</i></td><td>May – Jul</td><td>yellow brown</td><td></td><td>very good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Siberian_squill/92gyJu13">Siberian squill</a></td><td><i>Scilla siberica</i></td><td>Mar – Apr</td><td>steel blue</td><td>feral and ornamental</td><td>good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Mustard_plant/wCTpahzP">White mustard</a></td><td><i>Sinapis alba</i></td><td>June</td><td>lemon</td><td>feral and cultivated</td><td>good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050312081536/http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/perl/bioview.pl?genspec=stme2&action=View">Chick weed</a></td><td><i>Stellaria media</i></td><td>Apr – Jul</td><td>yellowish</td><td>feral</td><td>minor</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Dandelion/VlPP0mTn">Dandelion</a></td><td><i>Taraxacum officinale</i></td><td>Apr – May</td><td>red yellow, orange</td><td>feral</td><td>very good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Gorse/GvwUJwCH">Gorse</a></td><td><i>Ulex europaeus</i></td><td>Mar – Dec</td><td>light firebrick</td><td>feral</td><td>good</td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="summer">Summer</h2> <h3>Trees and shrubs – Summer</h3> <table><tbody><tr><th>Common name</th><th>Latin name</th><th>Blooming months</th><th>Pollen color</th><th>Availability</th><th>Source for honeybees</th></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Horse-chestnut_(tree)/quXr0lzN">Red Horse chestnut</a></td><td><i>Aesculus carnea</i></td><td></td><td>raisin <a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a></td><td>feral</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Horse-chestnut_(tree)/quXr0lzN">Horse chestnut</a></td><td><i>Aesculus hippocastanum</i></td><td>May – Jun after 80-110 growing degree days.</td><td>anatolia <a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a></td><td>feral</td><td>good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Catalpa/xkt5DVGY">Southern Catalpa</a></td><td><i>Catalpa bignonioides</i></td><td>Jun – Jul</td><td></td><td>ornamental</td><td>fair</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Catalpa/xkt5DVGY">Northern Catalpa</a></td><td><i>Catalpa speciosa</i></td><td>Jun – Jul</td><td></td><td>ornamental</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Caryopteris/BvhdeS93">Bluebeard</a></td><td><i>Caryopteris x clandonensis 'Heavenly Blue' </i></td><td>Aug – Sep</td><td></td><td></td><td>very good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Virginia_creeper/VhqxfbHj">Virginia creeper</a></td><td><i>Parthenocissus quinquefolia</i></td><td>Jul – Aug</td><td></td><td></td><td>good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Ivy/BFAodzTm">Boston Ivy 'Veitchii'</a></td><td><i>Parthenocissus tricuspidata 'Veitchii'</i></td><td>Jun – Jul</td><td></td><td></td><td>good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Sumac/ABdDzFAD">Sumac</a></td><td><i>Rhus glabra</i></td><td>Jun – Jul</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Elderberry/ABVfL9zn">Elder</a></td><td><i>Sambucus canadensis</i></td><td>Jun – Jul</td><td>canary yellow <a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Basswood/25J9m6bK">Basswood</a> or American Linden</td><td><i>Tilia americana</i></td><td>Jun – Jul</td><td>yellow to light orange</td><td>feral and ornamental</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Little Leaf Linden</td><td><i>Tilia cordata</i></td><td></td><td>citrine <a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a></td><td>feral</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Blueberry/2xtgLU6Y">Blueberry</a></td><td><i>Vaccínium myrtíllus</i></td><td>Jun</td><td>red yellow, orange</td><td>cultivated</td><td>poor</td></tr></tbody></table> <h3>Flowers and annual crop plants – Summer</h3> <table><tbody><tr><th>Common name</th><th>Latin name</th><th>Blooming months</th><th>Pollen color</th><th>Availability</th><th>Source for honeybees</th></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Allium/lWf7Fdjq">Allium</a></td><td><i>Allium</i> spp.</td><td></td><td></td><td>feral and cultivated</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Onion/2ajXf00d">Onion</a></td><td><i>Allium cepa</i></td><td></td><td>light olive</td><td>cultivated</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Chives/ugm3fpy1">Chives</a></td><td><i>Allium schoenoprasum</i></td><td>May – Sep</td><td></td><td>feral and cultivated</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Chives/ugm3fpy1">Garlic chives</a></td><td><i>Allium tuberosa</i></td><td>Aug – Sep</td><td></td><td>feral and cultivated</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.ct-botanical-society.org/galleries/amorphafrut.html">Leadwort syn. Indigobush</a></td><td><i>Amorpha fruticosa</i></td><td>Jun – Jul</td><td></td><td>ornamental?</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Aster_(genus)/JfcaSkCN">Aster</a></td><td><i>Aster</i> spp.</td><td>Sep-Frost</td><td>reddish yellow</td><td>feral and ornamental</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060209182921/http://plants.garden-source.com/Perennials/Woods-Blue-Aster.php">Land-in-blue</a>, Bushy Aster</td><td><i>Aster x dumosus</i></td><td>Aug – Sep</td><td>bronze yellow <a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a></td><td>feral</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Borage/vWoA6YGe">Borage</a></td><td><i>Borago officinalis</i></td><td>Jun – Frost</td><td>blueish grey</td><td>ornamental</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Pot_marigold/KrvQc2J7">Marigold</a></td><td><i>Calendula officinalis</i></td><td>Jun – Sep</td><td>orange</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Calluna/82V5CGCj">Heather</a> sp.</td><td><i>Calluna vulgaris</i></td><td>Jul – Aug</td><td>yellow white, white</td><td></td><td>good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Hemp/quexqR9M">Hemp</a></td><td><i>Cannabis sativa</i></td><td>Aug</td><td>yellow green</td><td></td><td>good source</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Thistle/uqErCyg9">Blue Thistle</a></td><td><i>Carduus</i> spp.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Star_thistle/3Sc38Jo0">Star thistle</a></td><td><i>Centaurea</i> spp.</td><td>Jul – Sep</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Persian centaurea</td><td><i>Centaurea dealbata</i></td><td></td><td>hemp <a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Knapweed/3Sc38Jo0">Knapweed</a></td><td><i>Centaurea macrocephala</i></td><td>Jul – Aug</td><td></td><td></td><td>good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Knapweed/3Sc38Jo0">Knapweed</a></td><td><i>Centaurea nigra</i></td><td></td><td>very light olive</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Chicory/yNPqofmI">Chicory</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a></td><td><i>Cichorium intybus L.</i></td><td></td><td>white</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Cotoneaster/btKKckEQ">Cotoneaster</a></td><td><i>Cotoneaster</i> spp.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>good</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Cucumber/eq1DFox9">Cucumber</a></td><td><i>Cucumis</i> spp.</td><td></td><td>pale yellow</td><td>cultivated</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Melon/DwpsXkk7">Melons</a></td><td><i>Cucumis melo</i></td><td>Jun-Frost</td><td>pale yellow</td><td>cultivated</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Pumpkin/CwxGJmej">Pumpkin</a></td><td><i>Cucurbita pepo</i></td><td>Jun-Frost</td><td>bright yellow</td><td>cultivated</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Fireweed/NCggXsdV">Fireweed</a> (Rosebay Willowherb)</td><td><i>Epilobium angustifolium</i></td><td>Jul – Aug</td><td>blue</td><td>feral</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Joe-Pye_weed/FjABP1ca">Joe-Pye weed</a>, Bluestem</td><td><i>Eutrochium</i> spp.; <i>Eupatorium purpureum</i></td><td>Aug – Sep</td><td>bistre green</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Buckwheat/vhNC6Ddr">Buckwheat</a></td><td><i>Fagopyrum esculentum</i></td><td>Jul – Aug</td><td>light yellow to light green</td><td>cultivated</td><td>good source</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.monarchwatch.org/milkweed/guide/cynan.htm">Blue vine</a></td><td><i>Gonolobus laevis</i> syn. <i>Cynanchum laeve</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Sunflower/KIv0oR5w">Sunflower</a></td><td><i>Helianthus annuus</i></td><td>Jun – Sep</td><td>golden</td><td>feral and cultivated</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Jewelweed/fxIYjezq">Jewelweed</a></td><td><i>Impatients capensis</i></td><td></td><td>yellowish white</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/wildseed/37/37.7.html">Alyssum</a></td><td><i>Lobularia maritima</i></td><td>Jun – Sep</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Lupin/qrVAhIMc">Lupin</a></td><td><i>Lupinus sp.</i></td><td>Jun – Jul</td><td>white, yellow or blue</td><td></td><td>minor</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Malva_sylvestris/LaNAbAKT">Mallow</a></td><td><i>Malva sylvestris</i></td><td>Jun – Sep</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Alfalfa/Yesc424s">Alfalfa</a></td><td><i>Medicago sativa</i></td><td>July – Aug</td><td>khaki <a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a></td><td>feral and cultivated</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Clover/bKr90Vct">Clover</a></td><td><i>Melilotus</i> spp. and <i>Trifolium</i> spp.</td><td>May – Aug</td><td></td><td>feral and cultivated</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/White_Sweet_Clover/uIx7Y6Ck">White Sweet Clover</a></td><td><i>Melilotus alba</i></td><td></td><td>auburn <a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a></td><td>feral and cultivated</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Yellow_Sweet_Clover/Sr3HBYgy">Yellow Sweet Clover</a></td><td><i>Melilotus officinalis</i></td><td></td><td>auburn <a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a></td><td>feral and cultivated</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Basil/FhxUzQMH">Basil</a></td><td><i>Ocimum basilicum</i></td><td></td><td>white</td><td>ornamental</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Poppy/fpEmoH6V">Poppy</a></td><td><i>Papaver orientale</i></td><td>May – Jul</td><td>blueish grey</td><td>ornamental only</td><td>good source <a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Opium_poppy/C3qaRQYw">Opium poppy</a></td><td><i>Papaver somniferum</i></td><td>May – Jun</td><td>grey</td><td>feral and ornamental</td><td>very good source</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Phacelia/zMPsysFt">Phacelia</a></td><td><i>Phacelia tanacetifolia</i></td><td>Jun – Sep</td><td>navy blue</td><td>feral and cultivated</td><td>good source</td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050208100227/http://www.ppws.vt.edu/scott/weed_id/polpy.htm">Smartweed</a></td><td><i>Polygonum</i> spp.</td><td>Aug – Sep</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Stellaria_media/Vktl50wF">Common Chickweed</a></td><td><i>Stellaria media</i></td><td>Apr – Jul</td><td></td><td></td><td>minor source</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.mobot.org/gardeninghelp/plantfinder/Plant.asp?code=F910">Germander</a></td><td><i>Teucrium chamaedrys</i></td><td>Jul – Aug</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Clover/bKr90Vct">Alsike Clover</a></td><td><i>Trifolium hybridum</i></td><td></td><td>yellow brown</td><td></td><td>good source</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Clover/bKr90Vct">Crimson Clover</a></td><td><i>Trifolium incarnatum</i></td><td></td><td>dark brown</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/White_Clover/vwsdjKKI">White Clover</a></td><td><i>Trifolium repens</i></td><td>Jun – Jul</td><td>caledonian brown</td><td></td><td>good source</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Typha/069AClzk">Cat-tail</a></td><td><i>Typha latifolia</i></td><td>Jun – Jul</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Vetch/qmeT2Kq7">Common vetch</a>[<i>verification needed</i>]</td><td><i>Vicia cracca</i></td><td>Jul – Aug</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Vetch/qmeT2Kq7">Spring Vetch</a>[<i>verification needed</i>]</td><td><i>Vicia sativa</i></td><td>Jul – Aug</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Maize/lJ6c5xMH">Sweet Corn</a></td><td><i>Zea mays</i></td><td>Jun – Jul</td><td>yellowish white</td><td>cultivated</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="fall">Fall</h2> <h3>Trees and shrubs – Fall</h3> <table><tbody><tr><th>Common name</th><th>Latin name</th><th>Blooming months</th><th>Pollen color</th><th>Availability</th><th>Source for honeybees</th></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Chinese_Elm/UwveSo5y">Chinese Elm</a>, Lacebark Elm</td><td><i>Ulmus parvifolia</i></td><td>Aug – Sep</td><td></td><td>ornamental</td><td>good</td></tr></tbody></table> <h3>Flowers and annual crop plants – Fall</h3> <table><tbody><tr><th>Common name</th><th>Latin name</th><th>Blooming months</th><th>Pollen color</th><th>Availability</th><th>Source for honeybees</th></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Aster_(genus)/JfcaSkCN">Aster</a></td><td><i>Aster</i> spp.</td><td>Sep-Frost</td><td>reddish yellow</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Borage/vWoA6YGe">Borage</a></td><td><i>Borago officinalis</i></td><td>Jun – Frost</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Melon/DwpsXkk7">Melons</a></td><td><i>Cucumis melo</i></td><td>Jun-Frost</td><td></td><td>cultivated</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.anniesannuals.com/signs/b%20-%20c/clematis_ternifolia_sac.htm">Sweet autumn clematis</a></td><td><i>Clematis ternifolia</i></td><td>late Sept</td><td>white</td><td>ornamental</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Pumpkin/CwxGJmej">Pumpkin</a></td><td><i>Cucurbita pepo</i></td><td>Jun-Frost</td><td>bright yellow</td><td>cultivated</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Ivy/BFAodzTm">Ivy</a></td><td><i>Hedera</i> spp.</td><td>Sep – Oct</td><td>dull yellow or black?</td><td>feral and ornamental</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Solidago/Qd4zF4P3">Goldenrod</a></td><td><i>Solidago</i> spp.</td><td>Sep – Oct</td><td>golden</td><td>feral</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table><p><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a> </p><h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Forage_(honey_bee)/fv2z5nwn">Forage (honey bee)</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/List_of_honey_plants/x4MDFCxH">List of honey plants</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Melliferous_flower/Gx7JY2az">Melliferous flower</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Nectar_source/9874F9RC">Nectar source</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>THE R-VALUES OF HONEY: POLLEN COEFFICIENT Archived 2006-07-24 at the Wayback Machine accessed Feb 2005 <a href="http://www.nhb.org/download/research/rvalue.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.nhb.org/download/research/rvalue.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Reiter, R. (July 1947). "THE COLORATION OF ANTHER AND CORBICULAR POLLEN" (PDF). The Ohio Journal of Science. XLVII (4). Camden, N. J. <a href="https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/1811/3589/1/V47N04_137.pdf" target="_blank">https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/1811/3589/1/V47N04_137.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Reiter, R. (July 1947). "THE COLORATION OF ANTHER AND CORBICULAR POLLEN" (PDF). The Ohio Journal of Science. XLVII (4). Camden, N. J. <a href="https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/1811/3589/1/V47N04_137.pdf" target="_blank">https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/1811/3589/1/V47N04_137.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Reiter, R. (July 1947). "THE COLORATION OF ANTHER AND CORBICULAR POLLEN" (PDF). The Ohio Journal of Science. XLVII (4). Camden, N. J. <a href="https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/1811/3589/1/V47N04_137.pdf" target="_blank">https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/1811/3589/1/V47N04_137.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Reiter, R. (July 1947). "THE COLORATION OF ANTHER AND CORBICULAR POLLEN" (PDF). The Ohio Journal of Science. XLVII (4). Camden, N. J. <a href="https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/1811/3589/1/V47N04_137.pdf" target="_blank">https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/1811/3589/1/V47N04_137.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Reiter, R. (July 1947). "THE COLORATION OF ANTHER AND CORBICULAR POLLEN" (PDF). The Ohio Journal of Science. XLVII (4). Camden, N. J. <a href="https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/1811/3589/1/V47N04_137.pdf" target="_blank">https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/1811/3589/1/V47N04_137.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Reiter, R. (July 1947). "THE COLORATION OF ANTHER AND CORBICULAR POLLEN" (PDF). The Ohio Journal of Science. XLVII (4). Camden, N. J. <a href="https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/1811/3589/1/V47N04_137.pdf" target="_blank">https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/1811/3589/1/V47N04_137.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Reiter, R. (July 1947). "THE COLORATION OF ANTHER AND CORBICULAR POLLEN" (PDF). The Ohio Journal of Science. XLVII (4). Camden, N. J. <a href="https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/1811/3589/1/V47N04_137.pdf" target="_blank">https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/1811/3589/1/V47N04_137.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Legan, Christiaan (2012-07-21), mmm... chicory, retrieved 2019-07-18 <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/christiaan_25/7640206984/" target="_blank">https://www.flickr.com/photos/christiaan_25/7640206984/</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Reiter, R. (July 1947). "THE COLORATION OF ANTHER AND CORBICULAR POLLEN" (PDF). The Ohio Journal of Science. XLVII (4). Camden, N. J. <a href="https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/1811/3589/1/V47N04_137.pdf" target="_blank">https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/1811/3589/1/V47N04_137.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Reiter, R. (July 1947). "THE COLORATION OF ANTHER AND CORBICULAR POLLEN" (PDF). The Ohio Journal of Science. XLVII (4). Camden, N. J. <a href="https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/1811/3589/1/V47N04_137.pdf" target="_blank">https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/1811/3589/1/V47N04_137.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Reiter, R. (July 1947). "THE COLORATION OF ANTHER AND CORBICULAR POLLEN" (PDF). The Ohio Journal of Science. XLVII (4). Camden, N. J. <a href="https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/1811/3589/1/V47N04_137.pdf" target="_blank">https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/1811/3589/1/V47N04_137.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Die Honig Macher ( in German ) <a href="http://www.die-honigmacher.de/kurs2/pflanze_23.html?PHPSESSID=019c9dbb5abce89ffb53037d0187a4a2" target="_blank">http://www.die-honigmacher.de/kurs2/pflanze_23.html?PHPSESSID=019c9dbb5abce89ffb53037d0187a4a2</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>Bienenweide Arbeitsblatt 207, Bieneninstitut Kirchhain, 2001 <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>Tew, James Some Ohio Nectar and Pollen Producing Plants Ohio State University Extension Fact Sheet, 2000 <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20011205082832/http://ohioline.osu.edu/hyg-fact/2000/2168.html" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20011205082832/http://ohioline.osu.edu/hyg-fact/2000/2168.html</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>Stahlman, Dana Honey Plants Flowering Plants/Trees 2004 <a href="http://www.beeclass.com/DTS/master.htm" target="_blank">http://www.beeclass.com/DTS/master.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>Hodges, Dorothy; The pollen loads of the honeybee, Bee Research Association Limited, London, 1952 <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:18"><p>Lamp, Thomas; Bienennährpflanzen 1 : Gehölze Nov 1999; accessed 05/2005 <a href="http://me.in-berlin.de/~tlamp/beefood.html" target="_blank">http://me.in-berlin.de/~tlamp/beefood.html</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>