Counternull

<h2 id="see-also">See also</h2>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Publication_bias/Wbmr1WjW">Publication bias</a></li></ul>

<h2 id="further-reading">Further reading</h2>
<ul><li>Rosnow, R. L., & Rosenthal, R. (1996). Computing contrasts, effect sizes, and counternulls on other people's published data: General procedures for research consumers. Psychological Methods, 1, 331-340</li></ul>

<h2 id="references">References</h2>

<ol>
<li id="fn:1"><p>Pashler, Harold E.; Stevens, S. S. (2002). Steven's handbook of experimental psychology. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 138, 422. ISBN 0-471-44333-6. The counternull revolves around an increasingly common measure called "effect size," which, essentially, is the mean magnitude of some effect (e.g., the mean difference between two conditions) divided by the standard deviation (generally pooled over the conditions). <a href="0-471-44333-6" target="_blank">0-471-44333-6</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:2"><p>Rubin, Donald B.; Rosenthal, Robert; Rosnow, Ralph L. (2000). Contrasts and effect sizes in behavioral research: a correlational approach. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. p. 5. ISBN 0-521-65258-8. <a href="0-521-65258-8" target="_blank">0-521-65258-8</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:3"><p>Iacobucci, Dawn (2005). "From the Editor" (PDF). Journal of Consumer Research. 32: 6–11. doi:10.1086/430648. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2005-11-08. Retrieved 2007-08-01. <a href="/wiki/Dawn_Iacobucci" target="_blank">/wiki/Dawn_Iacobucci</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:4"><p>Rosenthal, R.; Rubin, D.B. (1994). "The counternull value of an effect size: A new statistic". Psychological Science. 5 (6): 329–334. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.1994.tb00281.x. <a href="http://pss.sagepub.com/content/5/6/329" target="_blank">http://pss.sagepub.com/content/5/6/329</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:5"><p>Pasher (2002), p. 348: "The reject/fail-to-reject [the null hypothesis] dichotomy keeps the field awash in confusion and artificial controversy." <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:6"><p>Boik, Robert J. (2001). "Review of Contrasts and Effect Sizes in Behavioral Research: A Correlational Approach by Robert Rosenthal, Ralph L. Rosnow & Donald B. Rubin". Journal of the American Statistical Association. 96 (456): 1528–1529. doi:10.1198/jasa.2001.s432. JSTOR 3085927. If interval estimates of standardized effect size measures are desired, then a more sensible approach is to construct confidence intervals having fixed confidence coefficients. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
</ol>

Counternull open-in-new

Counternull