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ICD-10 Procedure Coding System
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<h2 id="section-structure">Section structure</h2> <p>Each code consists of seven alphanumeric characters. The first character is the 'section'. The second through seventh characters mean different things in each section. Each character can be any of 34 possible values the ten digits 0-9 and the 24 letters A-H, J-N and P-Z may be used in each character. The letters O and I are excluded to avoid confusion with the numbers 0 and 1.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> There are no decimals in ICD-10-PCS<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> </p><p>Of the 72,081 codes in ICD-10-PCS, 62,022 are in the first section, "Medical and surgical".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> </p> <table><tbody><tr><th>Character 1</th><th>Character 2</th><th>Character 3</th><th>Character 4</th><th>Character 5</th><th>Character 6</th><th>Character 7</th></tr><tr><td>0 <a href="/facts/Medical/2fnp90Je">Medical</a> and <a href="/facts/Surgical/fG8tWf5Y">Surgical</a></td><td>Body System0 <a href="/facts/Central_nervous_system/k8I6To97">Central nervous system</a>; 1 <a href="/facts/Peripheral_nervous_system/KjVpVnHU">Peripheral nervous system</a>; <a href="/facts/Human_heart/fF4KSGdk">2 Heart</a> and <a href="/facts/Great_vessels/21fgmf3a">Great vessels</a>; 3 Upper arteries; 4 Lower arteries; 5 Upper veins; 6 Lower veins; 7 <a href="/facts/Lymphatic/SL1xvRhq">Lymphatic</a> and <a href="/facts/Hemic_system/DF6QqYQk">Hemic system</a>; 8 <a href="/facts/Human_eye/a24ua4fy">Eye</a>; 9 <a href="/facts/Ear/UayK1RIP">Ear</a>, <a href="/facts/Human_nose/fmhw8BmP">Nose</a>, <a href="/facts/Paranasal_sinus/ybG3rkBB">Sinus</a>; B <a href="/facts/Respiratory_System/IG8v5JEr">Respiratory System</a>; C <a href="/facts/Mouth/WthDlXsC">Mouth</a> and <a href="/facts/Throat/JL1UKp5R">Throat</a>; D <a href="/facts/Gastrointestinal_system/nK2zwqBS">Gastrointestinal system</a>; F <a href="/facts/Hepatobiliary_System/NJPQ5oy4">Hepatobiliary System</a> and <a href="/facts/Pancreas/r0WPGjAq">Pancreas</a>; G <a href="/facts/Endocrine_system/PDvN5cpj">Endocrine system</a>; H <a href="/facts/Skin/4havlLzG">Skin</a> and <a href="/facts/Breast/UBvcKAjy">Breast</a>; J <a href="/facts/Subcutaneous_tissue/EPYjXN3G">Subcutaneous tissue</a>; K <a href="/facts/Muscle/dmxrL8pH">Muscles</a>; L <a href="/facts/Tendons/M0Kdf7Fy">Tendons</a>; M <a href="/facts/Bursae/pplENP5h">Bursae</a> and <a href="/facts/Ligaments/xAf6lB1z">Ligaments</a>; N <a href="/facts/Human_head/5ydPfI0C">Head</a> and <a href="/facts/Facial_bones/dALEo94L">Facial bones</a>; P Upper bones; Q Lower bones; R Upper joints; S Lower joints; T <a href="/facts/Urinary_system/CJxvtE0S">Urinary system</a>; U <a href="/facts/Human_female_reproductive_system/9ebPetXh">Female reproductive system</a>; V <a href="/facts/Human_male_reproductive_system/uqrSCfEk">Male reproductive system</a>; W Anatomical regions, General; X Anatomical regions, <a href="/facts/Upper_extremities/2uEQR861">Upper extremities</a>; Y Anatomical regions, <a href="/facts/Lower_extremities/sjU6X2E3">Lower extremities</a></td><td>Root Operationsee below</td><td>Body Part</td><td>Approach0 Open; 3 <a href="/facts/Percutaneous/nzRyKveF">Percutaneous</a>; 4 Percutaneous <a href="/facts/Endoscopic/L4V1fGPN">Endoscopic</a>; 7 Via Natural or Artificial Opening; 8 Via Natural or Artificial Opening Endoscopic; F Via Natural or Artificial Opening Endoscopic with Percutaneous Endoscopic Assistance; X External</td><td>Device</td><td>Qualifier</td></tr><tr><td>1 <a href="/facts/Obstetrics/JbYHxtCd">Obstetrics</a></td><td><a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/1/0/10">10</a> <a href="/facts/Pregnancy/vEKYGpep">Pregnancy</a></td><td>102 Change; 109 <a href="/facts/Drainage_(medical)/feWC8Tfy">Drainage</a>; 10A <a href="/facts/Abortion/ro0RjIBT">Abortion</a>; 10D Extraction; 10E <a href="/facts/Childbirth/KaWFJ4kG">Delivery</a>; 10H Insertion; 10J <a href="/facts/Inspection/VIHSpFXp">Inspection</a>; 10P Removal; 10Q Repair; 10S Reposition; 10T Resection; 10Y <a href="/facts/Organ_transplant/1jNvVJn6">Transplantation</a></td><td>Body Part</td><td>Approach</td><td>Device</td><td>Qualifier</td></tr><tr><td>2 Placement</td><td><a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/2/W/2W">2W</a> Anatomical Regions; <a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/2/Y/2Y">2Y</a> Anatomical Orifices</td><td>Root Operation2?0 Change; 2?1 <a href="/facts/Compression_bandage/ssXaXtkY">Compression</a>; 2?2 <a href="/facts/Dressing_(medical)/ujJX6p2n">Dressing</a>; 2?3 <a href="/facts/Immobilization_(pathology)/U69cz1qt">Immobilization</a>; 2?4 Packing; 2?5 Removal; 2?6 <a href="/facts/Traction_(orthopedics)/UbbY6rlc">Traction</a></td><td>Body Region/Orifice</td><td>Approach</td><td>Device</td><td>Qualifier</td></tr><tr><td>3 Administration</td><td><a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/3/0/30">30</a> Circulatory; <a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/3/C/3C">3C</a>Indwelling Device; <a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/3/E/3E">3E</a> Physiological Systems and Anatomical Regions</td><td>Root Operation</td><td>Body System/Region</td><td>Approach</td><td>Substance</td><td>Qualifier</td></tr><tr><td>4 Measurement and Monitoring</td><td><a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/4/A/4A">4A</a> Physiological Systems; <a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/4/B/4B">4B</a> Physiological Devices</td><td>Root Operation</td><td>Body System</td><td>Approach</td><td>Function</td><td>Qualifier</td></tr><tr><td>5 <a href="/facts/Extracorporeal/ShfXh7xL">Extracorporeal</a> Assistance and Performance</td><td><a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/5/A/5A">5A</a> Physiological Systems</td><td>Root Operation</td><td>Body System</td><td>Duration</td><td>Function</td><td>Qualifier</td></tr><tr><td>6 Extracorporeal Therapies</td><td><a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/6/A/6A">6A</a> Physiological Systems</td><td>Root Operation<a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/6/A/0/6A0">6A0</a> Atmospheric control; <a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/6/A/1/6A1">6A1</a> <a href="/facts/Decompression_sickness/aSpCCQaU">Decompression</a>; <a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/6/A/2/6A2">6A2</a> <a href="/facts/Electromagnetic_therapy/qpI6RMJd">Electromagnetic therapy</a>; <a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/6/A/3/6A3">6A3</a> <a href="/facts/Hyperthermia/WMHlf9j7">Hyperthermia</a>; <a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/6/A/4/6A4">6A4</a> <a href="/facts/Hypothermia/lIYDCIAv">Hypothermia</a>; <a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/6/A/5/6A5">6A5</a> <a href="/facts/Pheresis/4Cn3cRpq">Pheresis</a>; <a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/6/A/6/6A6">6A6</a> <a href="/facts/Phototherapy/yHtqwaRm">Phototherapy</a>; <a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/6/A/7/6A7">6A7</a> <a href="/facts/Ultrasound_therapy/pbw9wrhs">Ultrasound therapy</a>; <a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/6/A/8/6A8">6A8</a> <a href="/facts/Ultraviolet_light_therapy/hNu5fvXe">Ultraviolet light therapy</a>; <a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/6/A/9/6A9">6A9</a> <a href="/facts/Extracorporeal_shockwave_therapy/z5yz9hlp">Shock wave therapy</a></td><td>Body System</td><td>Duration</td><td>Qualifier</td><td>Qualifier</td></tr><tr><td>7 <a href="/facts/Osteopathic/BrS9UGbh">Osteopathic</a></td><td><a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/7/W/7W">7W</a></td><td><a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/7/W/0/7W0">7W0</a></td><td>Body Region</td><td>Approach</td><td>Method</td><td>Qualifier</td></tr><tr><td>8 Other Procedures</td><td><a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/8/C/8C">8C</a> Indwelling Device; <a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/8/E/8E">8E</a> Physiological Systems and Anatomical Regions</td><td>Root Operation</td><td>Body Region</td><td>Approach</td><td>Method</td><td>Qualifier</td></tr><tr><td>9 <a href="/facts/Chiropractic/GzfjsnFv">Chiropractic</a></td><td><a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/9/W/9W">9W</a></td><td><a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/9/W/B/9WB">9WB</a></td><td>Body Region</td><td>Approach</td><td>Method</td><td>Qualifier</td></tr><tr><td>B <a href="/facts/Medical_imaging/pL6JyJEp">Imaging</a></td><td>Body System0 Central Nervous System; 2 Heart; 3 Upper Arteries; 4 Lower Arteries; 5 Veins; 7 Lymphatic System; 8 Eye; 9 Ear, Nose, Mouth and Throat; B Respiratory System; D Gastrointestinal System; F Hepatobiliary System and Pancreas; G Endocrine System; H Skin, Subcutaneous Tissue and Breast; L Connective Tissue; N Skull and Facial Bones; P Non-Axial Upper Bones; Q Non-Axial Lower Bones; R Axial Skeleton, Except Skull and Facial Bones; T Urinary System; U Female Reproductive System; V Male Reproductive System; W Anatomical Regions; Y Fetus and Obstetrical</td><td>Root Type</td><td>Body Part</td><td>Contrast0=high osmolar contrast; 1=low osmolar contrast; z=other contrast</td><td>Qualifier</td><td>Qualifier</td></tr><tr><td>C <a href="/facts/Nuclear_medicine/L9Dzjd90">Nuclear medicine</a></td><td>Body System0 Central Nervous System; 2 Heart; 5 Veins; 7 Lymphatic and Hematologic System; 8 Eye; 9 Ear, Nose, Mouth and Throat; B Respiratory System; D Gastrointestinal System; F Hepatobiliary System and Pancreas; G Endocrine System; H Skin, Subcutaneous Tissue and Breast; P Musculoskeletal System; T Urinary System; V Male Reproductive System; W Anatomical Regions</td><td>Root Type</td><td>Body Part</td><td>Radionuclide</td><td>Qualifier</td><td>Qualifier</td></tr><tr><td>D <a href="/facts/Radiation_oncology/j60q5EC6">Radiation oncology</a></td><td>Body System0 Central and Peripheral Nervous System; 7 Lymphatic and Hematologic System; 8 Eye; 9 Ear, Nose, Mouth and Throat; B Respiratory System; D Gastrointestinal System; F Hepatobiliary System and Pancreas; G Endocrine System; H Skin; M Breast; P Musculoskeletal System; T Urinary System; U Female Reproductive System; V Male Reproductive System; W Anatomical Regions</td><td>Root Type</td><td>Body Part</td><td>Modality Qualifier</td><td>Isotope</td><td>Qualifier</td></tr><tr><td>F <a href="/facts/Physical_rehabilitation/q24XDqHF">Physical rehabilitation</a> and Diagnostic <a href="/facts/Audiology/Tjws1CnA">Audiology</a></td><td><a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/F/0">F/0</a> Rehabilitation; <a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/F/1">F/1</a> Diagnostic Audiology</td><td>Root Type</td><td>Body System & Region</td><td>Type Qualifier</td><td>Equipment</td><td>Qualifier</td></tr><tr><td>G <a href="/facts/Mental_health/QIszfk6D">Mental health</a></td><td><a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/G/Z/GZ">GZ</a> None</td><td>Root Type<a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/G/Z/1/GZ1">GZ1</a> <a href="/facts/Psychological_tests/XexnaLqD">Psychological tests</a>; <a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/G/Z/2/GZ2">GZ2</a> <a href="/facts/Crisis_intervention/jdX3H4d6">Crisis intervention</a>; <a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/G/Z/3/GZ3">GZ3</a> <a href="/facts/Medication_management/uQDf6Yvz">Medication management</a>; <a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/G/Z/5/GZ5">GZ5</a> <a href="/facts/Individual_psychotherapy/n2hDjaop">Individual psychotherapy</a>; <a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/G/Z/6/GZ6">GZ6</a> <a href="/facts/Counseling/NegQy5mS">Counseling</a>; <a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/G/Z/7/GZ7">GZ7</a> <a href="/facts/Family_psychotherapy/ne5xehgd">Family psychotherapy</a>; <a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/G/Z/B/GZB">GZB</a> <a href="/facts/Electroconvulsive_therapy/n498J3Km">Electroconvulsive therapy</a>; <a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/G/Z/C/GZC">GZC</a> <a href="/facts/Biofeedback/TjHHoUNT">Biofeedback</a>; <a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/G/Z/F/GZF">GZF</a> <a href="/facts/Hypnosis/3s0GqqJQ">Hypnosis</a>; <a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/G/Z/G/GZG">GZG</a> <a href="/facts/Narcosynthesis/xW2YBEKV">Narcosynthesis</a>; <a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/G/Z/H/GZH">GZH</a> <a href="/facts/Group_psychotherapy/BK7xQjCS">Group psychotherapy</a>; <a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/G/Z/J/GZJ">GZJ</a> <a href="/facts/Light_therapy/yHtqwaRm">Light therapy</a></td><td>Type Qualifier</td><td>Qualifier</td><td>Qualifier</td><td>Qualifier</td></tr><tr><td>H <a href="/facts/Substance_abuse/e3jLXFsF">Substance abuse</a> Treatment</td><td><a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/H/Z/HZ">HZ</a> None</td><td>Root Type</td><td>Type Qualifier</td><td>Qualifier</td><td>Qualifier</td><td>Qualifier</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10PCS/Codes/X">X</a> New Technology</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table> <h3>Root operations</h3> <p>For medical/surgical, these are the root operation codes: </p><p>00 alteration; 01 <a href="/facts/Bypass_surgery/oA3CWXXf">bypass</a>; 02 change; 03 control; 04 creation; 05 destruction; 06 detachment; 07 dilation; 08 division; 09 <a href="/facts/Drainage_(medical)/feWC8Tfy">drainage</a>; 0B <a href="/facts/Biopsy/A0TdRRlr">excision</a>; 0C <a href="/facts/Thrombectomy/s7dGlbm0">extirpation</a>; 0D extraction; 0F fragmentation; 0G fusion; 0H insertion; 0J inspection; 0K map; 0L occlusion; 0M <a href="/facts/Reattachment/a5tuqAPX">reattachment</a>; 0N release; 0P removal; 0Q repair; 0R replacement; 0S reposition; 0T resection; 0U supplement; 0V restriction; 0W revision; 0X transfer; 0Y <a href="/facts/Organ_transplant/1jNvVJn6">transplantation</a> </p><p>They can be grouped into several categories:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> </p> <ul><li>take out or eliminate all or a portion of a body part: excision (<a href="/facts/Sigmoid_polypectomy/TRxBzyaL">sigmoid polypectomy</a>), resection (<a href="/facts/Total_nephrectomy/Q985WUur">total nephrectomy</a>), extraction (toenail extraction), destruction (<a href="/facts/Rectal_polyp_fulguration/Fgc8V6UG">rectal polyp fulguration</a>), detachment (<a href="/facts/Below_knee_amputation/Y8w0maCD">below knee amputation</a>). For <a href="/facts/Biopsies/A0TdRRlr">biopsies</a>, "extraction" is used when force is required (as with <a href="/facts/Endometrial_biopsy/DUzDWcDQ">endometrial biopsy</a>), and "excision" is used when minimal force is involved (as with <a href="/facts/Liver_biopsy/HeVlkKFT">liver biopsy</a>). See also <a href="/facts/Ectomy/mHUrYbjJ">ectomy</a>.</li> <li>involve putting in or on, putting back, or moving living body part: <a href="/facts/Organ_transplant/1jNvVJn6">transplantation</a> (<a href="/facts/Heart_transplant/RySfC54v">heart transplant</a>), reattachment (<a href="/facts/Finger_reattachment/a5tuqAPX">finger reattachment</a>), reposition (<a href="/facts/Reposition_undescended_testicle/QAAoajqa">reposition undescended testicle</a>), transfer (<a href="/facts/Tendon_transfer/El9cWxF1">tendon transfer</a>)</li> <li>take out or eliminate solid matter, fluids, or gases from a body part: <a href="/facts/Drainage_(medical)/feWC8Tfy">drainage</a> (<a href="/facts/Incision_and_drainage/feWC8Tfy">incision and drainage</a>), extirpation (<a href="/facts/Thrombectomy/s7dGlbm0">thrombectomy</a>), fragmentation (<a href="/facts/Lithotripsy/KuLT1TEP">lithotripsy</a> of <a href="/facts/Gallstones/9bIB9MYT">gallstones</a>)</li> <li>only involve examination of body parts and regions: inspection (<a href="/facts/Diagnostic_arthroscopy/aTDwt3mh">diagnostic arthroscopy</a>), map (cardiac mapping)</li> <li>involve putting in or on, putting back, or moving living body part: <a href="/facts/Bypass_surgery/oA3CWXXf">bypass</a> (<a href="/facts/Gastrojejunal_bypass/JD436voC">gastrojejunal bypass</a>), dilation (coronary artery dilation), occlusion (<a href="/facts/Fallopian_tube_ligation/7AHjL2h2">fallopian tube ligation</a>), restriction (<a href="/facts/Cervical_cerclage/xtV6eSoC">cervical cerclage</a>)</li> <li>always involve devices: insertion (pacemaker insertion), replacement (<a href="/facts/Total_hip_replacement/YcdY8GGC">total hip replacement</a>), supplement (<a href="/facts/Herniorrhaphy_using_mesh/PqnjJXaf">herniorrhaphy using mesh</a>), removal (cardiac pacemaker removal), change (drainage tube change), revision (hip prosthesis adjustment)</li> <li>involve cutting and separation only: division (<a href="/facts/Osteotomy/NKTRtyha">osteotomy</a>), release (<a href="/facts/Peritoneal_adhesiolysis/thLyEqrT">peritoneal adhesiolysis</a>)</li> <li>involving other repair: control (control of postprostatectomy bleeding), repair (suture of laceration)</li> <li>with other objectives: alteration (<a href="/facts/Face_lift/F0CrmNIs">face lift</a>), creation (<a href="/facts/Artificial_vagina_creation/G5UwQnRT">artificial vagina creation</a>), fusion (<a href="/facts/Spinal_fusion/522mD4b6">spinal fusion</a>)</li></ul> <h3>Regions</h3> <table><tbody><tr><th scope="col">Region</th><th scope="col">Code</th></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Human_head/5ydPfI0C">Head</a></td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Neck/v69tnMYk">Cervical</a></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Chest/lwtzfc8K">Thoracic</a></td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Lumbar/tFvq7Kgm">Lumbar</a></td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Sacrum/CTFnjSm0">Sacrum</a></td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Human_pelvis/8Fq9z3TY">Pelvis</a></td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Lower_extremities/sjU6X2E3">Lower extremities</a></td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Upper_extremities/2uEQR861">Upper extremities</a></td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Human_rib_cage/KzXLlujq">Rib cage</a></td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Abdomen/HcTzDFL0">Abdomen</a></td><td>9</td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <a href="/facts/Wikisource/TrMdylNf">Wikisource</a> has original text related to this article: ICD-10-PCS (2011) <ul><li><a href="/facts/ICD-10_Clinical_Modification/8EfdU2MD">ICD-10 Clinical Modification</a></li></ul> <a href="/facts/Wikidata/5Myy74K5">Wikidata</a> has the property: <ul><li> <i>ICD-10-PCS (P1690)</i> (see <a href="https://query.wikidata.org/embed.html#SELECT%20%3FWikidata_item_%20%3FWikidata_item_Label%20%3Fvalue%20%3FvalueLabel%20%3FEnglish_Wikipedia_article%20%23Show%20data%20in%20this%20order%0A%7B%0A%09%3FWikidata_item_%20wdt%3AP1690%20%3Fvalue%20.%20%23Collecting%20all%20items%20which%20have%20P1690%20data%2C%20from%20whole%20Wikidata%20item%20pages%0A%09OPTIONAL%20%7B%3FEnglish_Wikipedia_article%20schema%3Aabout%20%3FWikidata_item_%3B%20schema%3AisPartOf%20%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2F%3E%20.%7D%20%23If%20collected%20item%20has%20link%20to%20English%20Wikipedia%2C%20show%20that%0A%09SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22en%22%20%20%7D%20%23Show%20label%20in%20this%20language.%20%22en%22%20is%20English.%20%20%20%0A%7D%0ALIMIT%201000">uses</a>)</li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"ICD-10-PCS Reference Manual" (ZIP). Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Retrieved 25 February 2019. <a href="https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Coding/ICD10/2018-ICD-10-PCS-and-GEMs.html" target="_blank">https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Coding/ICD10/2018-ICD-10-PCS-and-GEMs.html</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"ICD-10 FAQ" (PDF). Experian. Retrieved 2023-07-12. The ICD-10-PCS code set is not used internationally <a href="https://www.experian.com/content/dam/marketing/na/healthcare/brochures/icd-10-faq.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.experian.com/content/dam/marketing/na/healthcare/brochures/icd-10-faq.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Richard F. Averill; Robert L. Mullin; Barbara A. Steinbeck; Norbert I. Goldfield; Thelma M. Grant; Rhonda R. Butler. "Development of the ICD-10 Procedure Coding System (ICD-10-PCS)" (PDF). Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Retrieved February 25, 2010. <a href="https://www.cms.hhs.gov/ICD10/Downloads/pcs_final_report2010.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.cms.hhs.gov/ICD10/Downloads/pcs_final_report2010.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Aalseth, Patricia T. (2004). Codebusters Coding Connection: A Documentation Guide for Compliant Coding. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. p. 27. ISBN 0-7637-2630-3. <a href="0-7637-2630-3" target="_blank">0-7637-2630-3</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Averill, R. F.; Mullin, R. L.; Steinbeck, B. A.; Goldfield, N. I.; Grant, T. M.; Butler, R. R. "Development of the ICD-10 Procedure Coding System" (PDF). Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. <a href="https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Coding/ICD10/downloads/pcs_final_report2011.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Coding/ICD10/downloads/pcs_final_report2011.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Averill, R. F.; Mullin, R. L.; Steinbeck, B. A.; Goldfield, N. I.; Grant, T. M.; Butler, R. R. "Development of the ICD-10 Procedure Coding System" (PDF). Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. <a href="https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Coding/ICD10/downloads/pcs_final_report2011.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Coding/ICD10/downloads/pcs_final_report2011.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>