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Allocortex
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<h2 id="structure">Structure</h2> <p>The allocortex has three layers (one main neuronal layer) in contrast to the six layers of the neocortex.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> There are three subtypes of allocortex: the paleocortex, archicortex and periallocortex.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> </p><p><a href="/facts/Paleocortex/M8WUyfAw">Paleocortex</a> is a type of thin, primitive <a href="/facts/Cerebral_cortex/GpXosGHP">cortical</a> tissue that consists of three cortical laminae (layers of <a href="/facts/Perikaryon/L8aDnXKr">neuronal cell bodies</a>).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> The two granular layers II and IV of neocortex are absent in paleocortex. The main areas of paleocortex are the <a href="/facts/Olfactory_bulb/P2xEB4es">olfactory bulb</a>, <a href="/facts/Olfactory_tubercle/mMF6fTLH">olfactory tubercle</a> and <a href="/facts/Piriform_cortex/T4TgcHwm">piriform cortex</a>. </p><p><a href="/facts/Archicortex/5BNxHhpt">Archicortex</a> is a type of cortical tissue that consists of four <a href="/facts/Cerebral_cortex/GpXosGHP">laminae</a> (layers of <a href="/facts/Perikaryon/L8aDnXKr">neuronal cell bodies</a>).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> The main areas of archicortex are the <a href="/facts/Hippocampus/X7CqbP8X">hippocampus</a> and <a href="/facts/Dentate_gyrus/S8a0mopL">dentate gyrus</a>. </p><p><a href="/facts/Periallocortex/x6E4S02n">Periallocortex</a> is a transitional form between neocortex and either paleo- or archicortex. It thus can be either peripaleocortex (anterior insular cortex) or <a href="/facts/Periarchicortex/gsfKDs5H">periarchicortex</a> (<a href="/facts/Entorhinal_cortex/uRSa4Ld1">entorhinal cortex</a>, presubicular cortex, <a href="/facts/Retrosplenial_cortex/Xo6T4dTW">retrosplenial</a>, <a href="/facts/Indusium_griseum/jxQ7HLmo">supracallosal</a>, and <a href="/facts/Brodmann_area_25/TfJQ1Jrm">subgenual</a> areas). </p><p>Because the number of laminae that compose a type of cortical tissue seems to be directly proportional to both the information-processing capabilities of that tissue and its <a href="/facts/Phylogenetics/bw4rsovt">phylogenetic age</a>, and also because olfaction is a major sensory modality in phylogenetically early animals, paleocortex is thought to be the most primitive form of cortex.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Paralimbic_cortex/5NvoVoYs">Paralimbic cortex</a></li> <li></li></ul> <ul><li>"Allocortex." <i>Stedman's Medical Dictionary, 27th ed.</i> (2000). <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 0-683-40007-X</li> <li>Haines, Duane E. <i>Fundamental Neuroscience, 2nd.</i> (2002). <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 0-443-06603-5</li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Saladin, K (2012). Anatomy & physiology : the unity of form and function (6th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. p. 417. ISBN 9780073378251. <a href="9780073378251" target="_blank">9780073378251</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Insausti, R; Muñoz-López, M; Insausti, AM; Artacho-Pérula, E (2017). "The Human Periallocortex: Layer Pattern in Presubiculum, Parasubiculum and Entorhinal Cortex. A Review". Frontiers in Neuroanatomy. 11: 84. doi:10.3389/fnana.2017.00084. PMC 5632821. PMID 29046628. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5632821" target="_blank">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5632821</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>"periallocortex". University of Washington. Archived from the original on 1 September 2024. Retrieved 14 December 2024. <a href="http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=2315" target="_blank">http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=2315</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Crosby EC; Humphrey T; Lauer EW (1962). Correlative Anatomy of the Nervous System. New York: MacMillan. <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Insausti, R; Muñoz-López, M; Insausti, AM; Artacho-Pérula, E (2017). "The Human Periallocortex: Layer Pattern in Presubiculum, Parasubiculum and Entorhinal Cortex. A Review". Frontiers in Neuroanatomy. 11: 84. doi:10.3389/fnana.2017.00084. PMC 5632821. PMID 29046628. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5632821" target="_blank">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5632821</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Filimonoff, IN (1947). "A rational subdivision of the cerebral cortex". Arch Neurol Psychiatry. 58 (3): 296–311. doi:10.1001/archneurpsyc.1947.02300320047002. PMID 20265596. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>"Paleocortex". BrainInfo. University of Washington. Retrieved 5 May 2013. <a href="http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?type=a&ID=2336" target="_blank">http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?type=a&ID=2336</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Purves, Dale; Augustine, George J; Fitzpatrick, David; Hall, William C; LaMantia, Anthony-Samuel; White, Leonard E (2011). Neuroscience (5th ed.). Sinauer Associates Inc. p. 666. ISBN 9780878936465. <a href="9780878936465" target="_blank">9780878936465</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>"Archicortex". BrainInfo. University of Washington. Retrieved 17 March 2017. <a href="http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/CentralDirectory.aspx?ID=170" target="_blank">http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/CentralDirectory.aspx?ID=170</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Purves, Dale; Augustine, George J; Fitzpatrick, David; Hall, William C; LaMantia, Anthony-Samuel; White, Leonard E (2011). Neuroscience (5th ed.). Sinauer Associates Inc. p. 666. ISBN 9780878936465. <a href="9780878936465" target="_blank">9780878936465</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>