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List of premodern combat weapons
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<h2 id="hand-to-hand-combat">Hand-to-hand combat</h2> <h3>Hand or fist weapons and fans</h3> <p>Single-handed weapons not resembling a straight dagger blade, usually wielded without wrist action; often protects the forearm. </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Bagh_nakh/csXKjqge">Bagh nakh</a>, tiger claws (Indian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Brass_knuckles/GtFtC5UA">Brass knuckles</a>, knuckle dusters (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Cestus_(boxing)/63yDhb92">Cestus</a>, bladed cestus, caestus, myrmex, sfere (Mediterranean)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Deer_Horn_Knives/u3CWkvfq">Deer Horn Knives</a> (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Emeici/qKu2xmtg">Emeici</a> (Chinese)</li> <li>Finger knife<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a> (African)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Gauntlet_(glove)/Qg1rwrvB">Gauntlet</a> (European)</li> <li>Indian parrying weapon<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Japanese_war_fan/8py3ayRV">Japanese fan</a>, iron fan</li> <li><a href="/facts/Katar_(dagger)/FrEfps0P">Katar</a>, suwaiya (कटार) (Indian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Korean_fighting_fan/nku1VmBU">Korean fan</a>, mubuchae (무부채), tempered birch fan</li> <li>Larim fighting bracelet, nyepel<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> (African)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Maduvu/suH0DXpV">Maduvu</a>, buckhorn parrying stick, maru<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> (Indian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Pata_(sword)/CDoSo68z">Pata</a>, sword gauntlet (Indian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Push_dagger/07IdEzRT">Push dagger</a>, also see <a href="/facts/Katar_(dagger)/FrEfps0P">Katar (dagger)</a> (Indian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Tekko/uddJaNgm">Tekko</a>, Tekko Kagi (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Wind_and_fire_wheels/RpgAKhyA">Wind and fire wheels</a> (Chinese)</li> <li>Moche Tiger claw (Peru)</li></ul> <h3> Edged and bladed weapons</h3> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Edged_and_bladed_weapons/y9SpkWLo">Edged and bladed weapons</a></p> <p>Thrusting and cutting weapons for melee combat. Col. D.H. Gordon's classification has been used where applicable.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> </p> <h4>Swords</h4> <p class="note">For broader coverage of this topic, see <a href="/facts/Lists_of_swords/XXgocUGQ">Lists of swords</a>.</p> <p class="note">See also: <a href="/facts/Types_of_swords/LI6sCMws">Types of swords</a> and <a href="/facts/Classification_of_swords/YRqaTt9I">Classification of swords</a></p> <h5>Curved one-handed</h5> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Dao_(Chinese_sword)/e6PCDusz">Dao</a>, beidao, zhibei dao (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Dao_(Naga_sword)/gFIugJJ1">Dao</a> (Northeast Indian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Dha_(sword)/YoF9dtmC">Dha</a> (Southeast Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Falchion/Mu6rRgCk">Falchion</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Korean_sword/VbTUJyW3">Hwando</a> (Korean)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Kampilan/LuosssLd">Kampilan</a> (Philippinese, Southeast Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Khopesh/syN4hGVu">Khopesh</a>, sappara, sickle sword (Egyptian, Middle Eastern)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Kilij/xH32Jo2V">Kilij</a> (North Indian, Middle Eastern)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Klewang/mqkTS4d5">Klewang</a> (Southeast Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Krabi_(sword)/ms9ae662">Krabi</a> (Southeast Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Liuyedao/pR0Ktgvv">Liuyedao</a> (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Mameluke_sword/bFX8PtcJ">Mameluke</a> (Middle Eastern)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Nimcha/zwrYIe68">Nimcha</a> (African)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Parang_Nabur/qCt6YkeT">Parang Nabur</a> (Bornean)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Piandao/Hyyd67sN">Piandao</a> (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Pulwar/XuVQa4rX">Pulwar</a> (Middle Eastern)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Scimitar/2FjUQnuQ">Scimitar</a>, saif (Middle Eastern)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Shamshir/cTl1rHbM">Shamshir</a> (Pakistani, North Indian, Middle Eastern)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Shashka/4amCJFaA">Shashka</a> (Caucasian, Circassian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Surik_(sword)/USr8rgnt">Surik</a> (Indonesian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Talwar/4Mlew5TU">Talwar</a> (Pakistani, North Indian, Middle Eastern)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Yanmaodao/Qql4jt0e">Yanmaodao</a> (Chinese)</li></ul> <h5>Straight one-handed</h5> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Arming_sword/8a6XMG9R">Arming sword</a>, war sword (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Backsword/JXp3CXHJ">Backsword</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Chokut%C5%8D/eBIz1fBl">Chokutō</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Estoc/8enazKHm">Estoc</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Firangi_(sword)/IJIxQlgT">Firangi</a>, firanghi<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> (Central Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Flame-bladed_sword/U5jHt5x8">Flamberge</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Flyssa/bjuIzSGn">Flyssa</a> (North African)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Hwandudaedo/70kznH4R">Hwandudaedo</a> (Korean)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Ida_(sword)/lNEK1Uv8">Ida</a> (West African)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Jian/KMnPv1MY">Jian</a> (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Kampilan/LuosssLd">Kampilan</a> (Philippinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Kaskara/QwX01a3w">Kaskara</a> (Central African)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Khanda_(sword)/8N3og22l">Khanda</a> (South Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Moplah_(sword)/7wRpmqM4">Moplah</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> (Southwestern Indian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Patag_(sword)/adYGRhTX">Patag</a> (Bhutanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Rapier/f9VwMg22">Rapier</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Saingeom/VbTUJyW3">Saingeom</a> (Korean)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Seax/f01P9cqs">Seax</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Spada_da_lato/NIXagys6">Side sword</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Sikin_Panyang/Qe7U1oaF">Sikin Panyang</a> (Sumatran)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Spatha/IxWzkaEp">Spatha</a> (Mediterranean, Greek)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Takoba/YxSfr6Br">Takoba</a> (North African)</li> <li>Tibetan Jian<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> (Middle Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Tsurugi_(sword)/BslXNGmF">Tsurugi</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Ulfberht/JYg0bjxb">Ulfberht</a> (Frankish)</li></ul> <h5>Curved two-handed</h5> <ul><li><a href="/facts/D%C5%8Dtanuki/yD9kmMGY">Dōtanuki</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Falx/vuzgrbqI">Falx</a> (European, Thraco-Dacian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Katana/N3DVYLIp">Katana</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Miao_dao/WLJntrYy">Miao dao</a> (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Nandao/NfcTUXF3">Nandao</a> (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Japanese_sword/UDIjjSpU">Nihontō</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Panabas/sJCl08w4">Panabas</a> (Philippinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Ssangsudo/VbTUJyW3">Ssangsudo</a> (Korean)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Tachi/AhuB4h5o">Tachi</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Uchigatana/9QnctgCq">Uchigatana</a> (Japanese)</li></ul> <h5>Hand-and-a-half and two-handed greatswords</h5> <ul><li>Assamese dao<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> (Indian, Southeast Asian)</li> <li>Boar sword<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Changdao/0vMCMuPu">Changdao</a> (Chinese)</li> <li>Claidheamh da laimh, highland sword<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Claymore/R7gwlVb4">Claymore</a>, Scottish Gaelic for "great sword" (Scottish, European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Dao_(Chinese_sword)/e6PCDusz">Dadao</a> (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Executioner%27s_sword/0470NPvX">Executioner's sword</a>, heading sword, sword of justice (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Flame-bladed_sword/U5jHt5x8">Flame-bladed sword</a>, flambard, flammard, flammenschwert (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Katana/N3DVYLIp">Katana</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Longsword/B8g2f4yM">Longsword</a>, bastard sword, espée bastarde, hand and a half sword (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Nagamaki/Prsdbbj5">Nagamaki</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Nodachi/Cu66N2YJ">Nodachi</a>, <a href="/facts/%C5%8Cdachi/Cu66N2YJ">Ōdachi</a> (Japanese)</li> <li>Parade sword, paratschwerter<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Wodao/9sDYue3f">Wodao</a> (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Zanbat%C5%8D/xdvQftlo">Zanbatō</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Zhanmadao/e54ho9SB">Zhanmadao</a> (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Zweih%C3%A4nder/fBm8mVAm">Zweihänder</a>, great sword, espadon, spadone, tuck, montante, lowland sword, two handed sword, dopplehänder (European)</li></ul> <h5>Shortswords</h5> <p>Delineated as 20-28 inches/51–71 cm total length.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> </p><p>Curved shortswords include the following: </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Tant%C5%8D/uCvHFSgp">Aikuchi</a>, haikuchi (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Akrafena/7o0F2JCG">Akrafena</a> (West African)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Barong_(knife)/4eB57Ltk">Barong</a> (Southeast Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Janbiya/t7tYDqMk">Janbiya</a>, jambiya, jambya, jambia, janbia (Middle Eastern)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Khanjar/gBXlb2GM">Khanjar</a> (Middle Eastern)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Kodachi/Qo9uw2Mh">Kodachi</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Pinuti/HIqjB6EX">Pinuti</a> (Southeast Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Shikomizue/PMVtWM06">Shikomizue</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Talibon/0x4HLvAt">Talibon</a> (Southeast Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Wakizashi/ACTdsFj1">Wakizashi</a> (Japanese)</li></ul> <p>Straight shortswords include the following: </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Baselard/ssRbJ2fe">Baselard</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Bilbo_(sword)/vT2kpADe">Bilbo</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Billao/MrVQI0WS">Billao</a> (Somali)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Bolo_knife/t17JKtuy">Bolo</a>, itak (Philippinese, Southeast Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Cinquedea/rXuePqu9">Cinquedea</a>, anelace (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Colichemarde/FAI5IwRH">Colichemarde</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Gladius/yS7k0ese">Gladius</a> (Roman)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Luwuk_(sword)/UhA0E3PS">Luwuk</a> (Javanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Misericorde_(weapon)/a48wIvkM">Misericorde</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Ninjat%C5%8D/DlYWCQkr">Ninjatō</a>, Shinobi gatana (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Small_sword/YYdGL5R0">Small sword</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Swiss_dagger/5WSTYYJM">Swiss dagger</a>, holbein dagger, schweizerdegen (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Xiphos/H19tKey8">Xiphos</a> (Greek)</li></ul> <h5>Axe-like</h5> <p>Generally, convex blades used for heavy chopping or slashing. </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Aruval/rVUC91ya">Aruval</a> (South Indian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Bolo_knife/t17JKtuy">Bolo</a>, itak (Philippinese, Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Falcata/9Jx042yv">Falcata</a> (Mediterranean)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Golok/CATdWV79">Golok</a> (Southeast Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Harpe/WNr7fqLc">Harpe</a>, harpi (Greek)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Kopis/2I5e6QGN">Kopis</a> (Greek)</li> <li>Kora [ru; de]<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a> (Nepali)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Kudi_(knife)/F4L90rK6">Kudi</a> (Southeast Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Kukri/xy9bGfpS">Kukri</a>, khukri (Nepali)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Machete/Efv2erd4">Machete</a> (Spain, Latin America)</li> <li>Vettukathi (South Indian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Makhaira/ACoWU5If">Mahera</a> (Greek)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Falx/vuzgrbqI">One handed Dacian falx</a>, sica (Mediterranean, Greek)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Pandat/7dt89WBB">Parang Pandit</a> (Southeast Asian)</li> <li>Sosun pattah<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a> (South Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Yatagan/5tEEJth6">Yatagan</a>, yataghan (Middle Eastern)</li></ul> <h5>Other</h5> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Hook_sword/IhBISF5J">Hook sword</a> (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Kris/b5sPL26G">Kris</a>, <a href="/facts/Sundang/KtdytT6k">keris sundang</a>, <a href="/facts/Keris_bahari/tYLXSo95">keris bahari</a> (Indonesian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Nandaka/2FBB32eP">Nandaka</a>, <a href="/facts/Nair/YSkGm9Kg">Nair</a>, nayar (Indian)</li></ul> <h4>Fighting knives and daggers</h4> <p class="note">Main articles: <a href="/facts/Fighting_knife/gh87U0BR">Fighting knife</a> and <a href="/facts/Knife/6NAX66vY">Knife</a></p> <p class="note">Further information: <a href="/facts/List_of_daggers/myt3Imja">List of daggers</a></p> <h5>Sickles and sickle like knives</h5> <p>Generally short, concave blades used for heavy cutting. </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Celurit/Qy5PBEVa">Arit</a> (Maduresian, Indonesian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Karambit/NAmb2PYj">Karambit</a>, kerambit, korambit (Minangkabauian, Indonesian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Kujang_(weapon)/AEm8jbfk">Kujang</a> (Sundanese, Indonesian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Kukri/xy9bGfpS">Kukri</a> (Indian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Mandau_(knife)/xW9bdua1">Mandau</a> (Malaysian, Indonesian, Bornean, Bruneian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Pichangatti/xkvekRAn">Pichangatti</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a> (Indian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Punyal/mH5gLR3C">Punyal</a> (Philippinese, Southeast Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Sickle/bGTMHRCD">Sickle</a> (Improvised, worldwide)</li> <li>Sudanese sickle knife<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a> (African)</li></ul> <h4>Picks and pickaxes</h4> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Chicken_sickles/XpkoL9pv">Chicken sickles</a> (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Crowbill/pFADIxnH">Crowbill</a> (European, Central Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Elephant_goad/orNvmg3U">Elephant goad</a>, ankus, ankusha, bullhook, elephant hook (South and Southeast Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Hakapik/gKCzP7CW">Hakapik</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Horseman%27s_pick/b8ctWvza">Horseman's pick</a>, martel de fer, also a blunt weapon (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Kama_(weapon)/dreVflAo">Kama</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Mattock/dvColxzM">Mattock</a> (Improvised, European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Pickaxe/FUw1s7fk">Pickaxe</a> (Improvised, European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/War_hammer/MJ6xmfMg">War hammer</a> also a blunt weapon (European)</li></ul> <h4>Axes</h4> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Axe/caIr6REq">Axe</a></p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Adze/Hlh0TF68">Adze</a> (Improvised, European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Bardiche/baY5nadl">Bardiche</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Battle_axe/LeL3RgDf">Battle axe</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Bhuj_(weapon)/6oWV66rK">Bhuj</a> with blade shaped like the dagger on a long shaft<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Broadaxe/TnS5xUpT">Broadaxe</a> (European)</li> <li>Congolese axe<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a> (African)</li> <li>Dahomey axe club, also an effective blunt weapon<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a> (African)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Dane_Axe/xAUdHoRu">Danish axe</a>, hafted axe, English long axe, Viking axe, Danish longer axe (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Doloire/lUezJSNI">Doloire</a> (European)</li> <li>Fu (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Hand_axe/GeUl1rAm">Hand axe</a>, ovate handaxe (Paleolithic)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Hatchet/eumJYfJA">Hatchet</a> (European)</li> <li>Igorot headhunting axe<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a> (<a href="/facts/Igorot_people/wwYAJyV6">Philippinese, Southeast Asian</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Labrys/cMfuApth">Labrys</a>, pelekys (Greek)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Long-bearded_axe/koXona6Q">Long-bearded axe</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Masakari/7LnrV8KP">Masakari</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Nzappa_zap/v2Y7AR3M">Nzappa zap</a> also thrown (African)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Ono_(weapon)/7LnrV8KP">Ono</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Palstave/tqd0u7u6">Palstave</a> (Bronze Age, improvised, European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Sagaris/Y7BA4S3W">Sagaris</a> (Middle Eastern)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Shepherd%27s_axe/j9IkAJUy">Shepherd's axe</a>, valaška (European)</li> <li>Sparth Axe (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Battle_axe/LeL3RgDf">Tabarzin</a> (Middle Eastern)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Tomahawk_(axe)/6X7jp4Qq">Tomahawk</a>, Spontoon Tomahawk, also thrown (American)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Tlaximaltepoztli/FH1xoX2M">Tlaximaltepoztli</a> (American)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Vechevoral/pc8wP6Ht">Vechevoral</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a> (Middle Asian)</li></ul> <h3>Truncheons and blunt weapons</h3> <p>Usually wielded with one or two hands at close quarters with striking motions, although some sharp-pointed truncheons like the <a href="/facts/Sai_(weapon)/a3Yc2YIC">sai</a> were more often used for stabbing. </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Aklys/1xL4hn20">Aklys</a> (Osci tribe of Southern Italy)</li> <li><a href="/facts/B%C5%8D/1kmnK15D">Bō</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Bokken/RHe4stYU">Bokken</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Boomerang/qFHGGvBh">Clubbing boomerang</a> (Worldwide)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Boomerang/qFHGGvBh">Returning boomerang</a> (Australian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Sjambok/GG6HDEU9">Cambuk</a> (Southeast Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Canne_de_combat/CTlGde45">Canne de combat</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Ch%C3%BAi/Cbjo0VmW">Chúi</a> (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Club_(weapon)/DRU9yL8M">Club</a>, baseball bat, stone club, truncheon, cudgel, bludgeon</li> <li><a href="/facts/Crop_(implement)/vB5oCNA5">Crop</a> (Worldwide)</li> <li>Bastons, <a href="/facts/Eskrima/yVSWyg8P">Eskrima Sticks</a>, straight sticks (Southeast Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Flail_(weapon)/nBJ00y90">Flail</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Gada_(mace)/M6n357Rn">Gada</a> (Indian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Gunstock_war_club/cAGuve4G">Gunstock war club</a> also thrown (American)</li> <li>Gurz, Ottoman gurz<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a> (Middle Eastern)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Hammer/bct4q0y4">Hammer</a> (Improvised)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Hanb%C5%8D/wID7xWEx">Hanbō</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Horseman%27s_pick/b8ctWvza">Horseman's pick</a>, horseman's hammer, martel de fer, also a pickaxe weapon (European)</li> <li>Jawbone war club (American)</li> <li><a href="/facts/J%C5%8D/9nbpVK98">Jō</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Jutte/83Rdtc6F">Jutte</a>, jitte (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Kanab%C5%8D/0CWQNlBx">Kanabō</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Knobkierrie/KkXcySvF">Knobkierrie</a>, knopkierie, knobkerry (African)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Kotiate/M6jKVLNP">Kotiate</a> (Māori)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Kalarippayattu_stick_fighting/CsUfXjeU">Kurunthadi</a>, churuvadi, kuruvadi, muchan, otta (Indian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Macana/WNIGel1s">Macana</a> (American)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Mace_(bludgeon)/xYRodw7S">Mace</a>, spiked mace, flanged mace (European, Middle Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Macuahuitl/X8zWJeHg">Macuahuitl</a>, maquahuitl (American)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Mallet/6yFrmSWb">Mallet</a> (American)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Mere_(weapon)/2yuvqLHK">Mere</a> used to strike, jab (Māori)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Morning_star_(weapon)/UB1Smlf0">Morning star</a>, goedendag, holy water sprinkler (European)</li> <li>Mughal<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26"><sup>26</sup></a> (Central Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/%C5%8Ctsuchi/PXTFgj2E">Ōtsuchi</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Patu/8z3pWRXh">Patu</a>, patuki (Māori)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Plan%C3%A7on_a_picot/8THrn5zT">Plançon a picot</a>, planson (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Quauhol%C5%8Dlli/8tJKW1jI">Quauholōlli</a> (American)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Roundhead_(weapon)/we8Kgcz5">Roundhead</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Rungu_(weapon)/XqvkD7QU">Rungu</a> also thrown (African)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Sai_(weapon)/a3Yc2YIC">Sai</a> (Okinawan, Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Shestopyor/HzFJ3xcS">Shestopyor</a>, <a href="/facts/Pernach/HzFJ3xcS">Pernach</a> (Russian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Shillelagh_(club)/xJ0mSW1p">Shillelagh</a> (Irish)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Sceptre/SnEUL8IG">Short scepter</a>, mace scepter (European)</li> <li>Stone war club (American)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Suburito/X6lIPLd9">Suburito</a> (Japanese)</li> <li>Sword mace 鐧 (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Tambo_(weapon)/rH0q4kSG">Tambo</a>, tanbo (Okinawan)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Tekkan/qYNntCf0">Tekkan</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Tekpi/zzvbCRT7">Tekpi</a> (Malaysia)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Tewhatewha/gKsgxVJ4">Tewhatewha</a> (Māori)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Tonfa/TAz41BFM">Tonfa</a> (Okinawan)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Waddy/j5LbGHKD">Waddy</a>, Nulla Nulla (Australian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/War_hammer/MJ6xmfMg">War hammer</a> also a pickaxe weapon (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Yawara/BnTvK1V7">Yawara</a>, pasak, yawara bo, dulodulo (Japanese, Southeast Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Yubi-bo/BnTvK1V7">Yubi-bo</a> (Japanese)</li></ul> <h3>Polearms and spears</h3> <p class="note">Main articles: <a href="/facts/Polearm/KJgmqBXD">Polearm</a> and <a href="/facts/Spear/CAs47lgJ">Spear</a></p> <p>Wielded mainly with two hands. Primarily for hand-to-hand combat with sweeping, thrusting, and or hooking motions. </p> <h4>Blunt staves</h4> <p class="note">See also: <a href="/facts/Stick-fighting/BwRXfR8R">Stick-fighting</a></p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/B%C3%A2ton_fran%C3%A7ais/CTlGde45">Bâton français</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/B%C5%8D/1kmnK15D">Bō</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Eku/0eGdfSVz">Eku</a> (Okinawan)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Gun_(staff)/SHApdBYr">Gun</a> (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/J%C5%8D/9nbpVK98">Jō</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Fighting_stick/BwRXfR8R">Lathi</a> (Indian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Naboot/JEKUc3jE">Naboot</a>, shoum, nabboot, asa, asaya (Middle Eastern)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Quarterstaff/vFtT9ov2">Quarterstaff</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Kalarippayattu_stick_fighting/CsUfXjeU">Shareeravadi</a> (Middle Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Taiaha/pcHzoMfb">Taiaha</a> (Māori)</li></ul> <h4>Spears</h4> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/List_of_types_of_spears/mAaSHQxI">List of types of spears</a></p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Ahlspiess/ubH6Jkld">Ahlspiess</a>, awl pike (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Aklys/1xL4hn20">Aklys</a> (Osci tribe of Southern Italy)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Atgeir/UL66sy4W">Atgeir</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Boar_spear/uBLqdalw">Boar spear</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Brandistock/VaXm07Hn">Brandistock</a>, feather staff, buttafuore (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Dangpa/MAgj63uM">Dangpa chang</a> also thrown (Korean)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Dory_(spear)/S8EbDafB">Dory</a> (Greek)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Hasta_(spear)/kk198bMn">Hasta</a> (Roman)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Hoko_yari/M9q27Ffy">Hoko yari</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Iklwa/p935Bt4u">Iklwa</a> (Zulu tribe of South Africa)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Korean_spears/Ie1BJJCJ">Jukjangchangbo</a>, daijichang, toupjang, nangsun, dongyemochang, chichang, sabarichang, yangjimochang (Korean)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Lance/d3KEh6Wn">Lance</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Menaulion/tLNEvY7p">Menavlion</a>, menavlon (Greek)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Migration_Period_spear/tKo9QImK">Migration Period spear</a>, geirr, gaizaz, gar, ger, framea (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Military_fork/KGIetBfA">Military fork</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Pike_(weapon)/DyulHwqK">Pike</a> (English)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Pitchfork/9TTCT8br">Pitchfork</a> (Improvised)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Qiang_(spear)/B11nflmC">Qiang</a> (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Ranseur/byU9vQwl">Ranseur</a>, rawcon, runka (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Saintie/GknupLYU">Saintie</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27"><sup>27</sup></a> (Middle Asian)</li> <li>Sang<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28"><sup>28</sup></a> (Indian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Sarissa/jMny8GCJ">Sarissa</a> (Greek)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Sibat/m2kWtN2w">Sibat</a>, bangkaw, palupad, sumbling (Southeast Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Sovnya/lTLKPqzG">Sovnya</a> (Russian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Spetum/TAfAKfkH">Spetum</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Swordstaff/uSSzbglH">Swordstaff</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Trident/XAoER14f">Trident</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Trishula/TGX7eQ3G">Trishula</a> (Indian, Southeast Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Yari/AjDgWR3s">Yari</a> (Japanese)</li></ul> <h4>Polearms with axe-like blades</h4> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Arbir/GcFBAXQC">Arbir</a> (Southeast Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Bardiche/baY5nadl">Bardiche</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Bec_de_corbin/pFADIxnH">Bec de corbin</a>, bec de faucon (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Bill_(weapon)/fjXUmLQt">Bill</a>, English bill, bill hook, bill guisarme (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Bisento/DHz9dcFW">Bisento</a> (Japanese)</li> <li>Chacing staff (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Dagger-axe/khehNP0F">Dagger-axe</a>, ko (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Dane_Axe/xAUdHoRu">Danish axe</a>, hafted axe, English long axe, Viking axe, Danish longer axe (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Epsilon_axe/Fp0CP5lB">Epsilon axe</a> (European, Middle Eastern)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Fauchard/Pu61HnMn">Fauchard</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Glaive/m7FBBA9q">Glaive</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Guan_dao/Gx2R3042">Guan (kwan) dao</a> (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Guisarme/YVUtVvWr">Guisarme</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Halberd/SWftFGaA">Halberd</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Jedwart_stave/8y625FMu">Jedwart stave</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Ji_(halberd)/JcI3hMTg">Ji</a> (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Lochaber_axe/7rHDTI0c">Lochaber axe</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Nagamaki/Prsdbbj5">Long handled nagamaki</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Man_catcher/60aGj2aD">Man catcher</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Monk%27s_spade/HYUAvnFP">Monk's spade</a> (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Naginata/ed9XKlX1">Naginata</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Ngao_(weapon)/b76Spbdz">Ngao</a> (Southeast Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Korean_spears/Ie1BJJCJ">Nulbjakchang</a>, galgorichang (Korean)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Ox_tongue_spear/klGBQ3sf">Ox tongue spear</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Partisan_(weapon)/1YSyGG55">Partisan</a>, partizan (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Pollaxe/LuITBp3V">Pollaxe</a>, poleaxe (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Pudao/mHPnaxkl">Pudao</a> (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Rhomphaia/gVpotGW8">Romphea</a>, romfea (Greek)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Sasumata/V5m7sfvG">Sasumata</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Scythe/fzHys7pS">Scythe</a> (Improvised)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Sodegarami/SlpCsNLj">Sodegarami</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Tepoztopilli/bulJcj1t">Tepoztopilli</a> (American)</li> <li>Tongi, four pointed tongi, two pointed<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29"><sup>29</sup></a> (South Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Tsukub%C5%8D/dG806R8s">Tsukubō</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Falx/vuzgrbqI">Two handed Dacian falx</a> (Mediterranean, Greek)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Voulge/Clo24L5G">Voulge</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/War_scythe/9JuGq9e5">War scythe</a></li></ul> <h4>Polearms with spikes and hammers</h4> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Bec_de_corbin/pFADIxnH">Bec de corbin</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Lucerne_hammer/FX70l0ML">Lucerne hammer</a> (European)</li> <li>Zhua (Chinese)</li></ul> <h3>Flexible weapons</h3> <h4>Whips</h4> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Whip/BlfWKzBE">Whip § Weapons</a></p> <p>Used for whipping. </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Bullwhip/eJczs6SD">Bullwhip</a> (Worldwide)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Buntot_Pagi/5mPwgpNb">Buntot Pagi</a> (Philippinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Cat_o%27_nine_tails/r2gDnIra">Cat o' nine tails</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Chain_whip/BASKIyr2">Chain whip</a>, jiujiebian, samjitbin, qijiebian (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Knout/fLwHqpXv">Knout</a> (Eastern European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Nagyka/WMWoPpDk">Nagyka</a>, nagaika, nogaika (Eastern European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Whip/BlfWKzBE">Small whips</a>, crops (Worldwide)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Stockwhip/rWJGYVz4">Stockwhip</a> (Australian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Urumi/W8VwxxfT">Urumi</a>, chuttuval (Indian)</li></ul> <h4>Sectional and composite</h4> <p>Having multiple handles or holdable sections. </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Nunchaku/YLy5zvW8">Nunchaku</a> (Okinawan)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Tabak-Toyok/EJs8FuDj">Tabak-Toyok</a>, chako (Southeast Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Three-section_staff/Smbs2Ghk">Three-section staff</a> (Okinawan, Chinese))</li> <li><a href="/facts/Two-section_staff/8w6Exkpj">Two-section staff</a>, xhang xiao ban, could also be considered a polearm (Chinese)</li></ul> <h4>Chains and ropes</h4> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Chain_weapon/99JEFb0P">Chain weapon</a></p> <p>Having a heavy object attached to a flexible chain or rope. Wielded by swinging, throwing, or projecting the end, as well as wrapping, striking, and blocking with the chain or rope, sometimes attached to another type of weapon. </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Chigiriki/MIThwRIl">Chigiriki</a> (Japanese)</li> <li>Cumberjung, double ended flail, flail with quoits<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30"><sup>30</sup></a> (Indian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Flail_(weapon)/nBJ00y90">Flail</a>, fleau d'armes, kriegsflegel (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Flying_claws/fjKqhNle">Flying claws</a> (Chinese)</li> <li>Flying guillotine (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Kusari-fundo/kzxb1Ik2">Kusari-fundo</a>, manrikigusari, manriki (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Kusarigama/lWsLF7m5">Kusari-gama</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Kyoketsu-shoge/Rcel8mgu">Kyoketsu-shoge</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Lasso/d8g7t1vw">Lasso</a>, uurga, lariat (American, Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Meteor_hammer/dNJLp02x">Meteor hammer</a>, dragon's fist, dai chui, flying hammer, sheng bao, liu xing chui (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Rope_dart/s9C4wELb">Rope dart</a>, jouhyou, rope javelin, sheng biao (Japanese, Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Monkey%27s_fist/uNmp3MW8">Monkey's fist</a> (Improvised, European, Japanese, Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Surujin/nSLtXtaC">Surujin</a>, suruchin (Okinawan)</li></ul> <h3>Shields</h3> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Shield/udD3Pm6g">Shield</a></p> <p>Used not only to block strikes and missiles but also swung outwardly (or in quick upward motions) to strike an opponent. Also used to rush an opponent (known as shield bashing). Some shields had spikes, sharp edges, or other offensive designs. </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Aspis/5oHT0p9t">Aspis</a>, oplon (Greek)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Buckler/lcKtsW6g">Buckler</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Clipeus/ljDAPr70">Clipeus</a> (Roman, Greek)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Dhal_(shield)/ER0kTo6w">Dhal</a> (Indian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Heater_shield/z6HVMqoq">Heater shield</a>, heraldic shield (European)</li> <li>Hide, wickerwork, leather and ceremonial shields (Tribal, Worldwide)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Hungarian_shield/1Nnt6WQ6">Hungarian shield</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Kite_shield/qAcRMUty">Kite shield</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Lantern_shield/VRhq40Ec">Lantern shield</a> (Italian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Parma_(shield)/kc71Pz3f">Parma</a>, parmula (Roman)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Peltarion_(shield)/PU3lkM7h">Peltarion</a> (Greek)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Rattan_shield/WBn4nacM">Rattan shield</a> (Korean, Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Round_shield/taacWnVU">Round shield</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Scutum_(shield)/7kQQbuT1">Scuta</a>, rectangular, tower and oval scutum (Roman)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Targe/KSwh8G7D">Targe</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Nguni_shield/wnRduJ8F">Nguni shield</a> (African)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Ch%C4%ABmalli/naquoyq4">Chīmalli</a> (American)</li></ul> <h2 id="thrown">Thrown</h2> <h3>Throwing blades and darts</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Chakram/deDHh6eF">Chakram</a> (Indian, Southeast Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Kunai/rbs1U0VU">Kunai</a> (Improvised, Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Mambele/X88eUgjd">Mambele</a> (African)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Plumbata/Sj4m8mqA">Plumbata</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Shuriken/Yy6XUphC">Shuriken</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Swiss_arrow/wJLHEzDT">Swiss arrow</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Dart_(missile)/BryqePrm">Throwing dart</a> (Worldwide)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Throwing_knife/MJ3TWRMP">Throwing knife</a> (Worldwide)</li></ul> <h3>Throwing spears</h3> <p class="note">Further information: <a href="/facts/List_of_types_of_spears/mAaSHQxI">List of types of spears § Normally thrown</a></p> <p>All could be used as <a href="/facts/Polearms/KJgmqBXD">spears</a>, but were designed and primarily used for throwing. </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Angon/7MNywbkm">Angon</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Assegai/p935Bt4u">Assegai</a>, assagai (African)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Atlatl/pes5tntD">Atlatl</a> and darts (American, Paleolithic tribes)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Falarica/jrAal6EQ">Falarica</a>, phalarica (Mediterranean)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Harpoon/opQtwheb">Harpoon</a> (Worldwide)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Korean_spears/Ie1BJJCJ">Jangchang</a> (Korean)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Javelin/156m3rh9">Javelin</a> (Mediterranean)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Lancea_(weapon)/3XaWF9Pv">Lancea</a> (Mediterranean)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Mesangylon/3HxPPhDU">Mesangylon</a> (Greek)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Rebar/qm27fUbk">Metal bar</a>, <a href="/facts/Pipe_(fluid_conveyance)/dgX5uQjj">metal pipe</a> (Improvised, Worldwide)</li> <li>Northern spear<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31"><sup>31</sup></a> (Philippinese, Southeast Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Pilum/QCswS8Ve">Pilum</a> (Roman)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Soliferrum/kAjSab6n">Soliferrum</a>, saunion, soliferreum (Mediterranean)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Spiculum/STL8VlPl">Spiculum</a> (Roman)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Vel/PCWpMr06">Vel</a> (Indian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Verutum/pGKh5d52">Verutum</a> (Roman)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Woomera_(spear-thrower)/XkA1PusF">Woomera</a>, amirre (Australian)</li></ul> <h3>Throwing axes</h3> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Throwing_axe/QzWode8C">Throwing axe</a></p> <p>Could also be used as axe weapons, but were specifically designed for throwing. </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Francisca/hgf0zJwG">Francisca</a>, francesca (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Hunga_munga/X88eUgjd">Hunga munga</a>, danisco, goleyo, njiga (African)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Hurlbat/tQzBfvCS">Hurlbat</a>, whirlbat (European)</li> <li>Kapak siam (Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Nzappa_zap/v2Y7AR3M">Nzappa zap</a> (African)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Tomahawk_(axe)/6X7jp4Qq">Tomahawk</a> also an axe weapon (American)</li></ul> <h3>Throwing balls</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Bolas/PDwBcneQ">Bolas</a>, ayllo, liwi, qilumitautit (Central American, South American, Arctic)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Slungshot/tAopyBIQ">Slungshot</a> not to be confused with a <a href="/facts/Slingshot/mexpE3ac">slingshot</a> (Improvised, Worldwide)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Stone_throwing/JqdeykJ9">Stone</a>, <a href="/facts/Rock_throwing/JqdeykJ9">rock</a> (Improvised, Worldwide)</li></ul> <h3>Throwing sticks</h3> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Throwing_stick/muuTyXfk">Throwing stick</a></p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Boomerang/qFHGGvBh">Boomerang</a> (Australian, Worldwide)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Knobkierrie/KkXcySvF">Knobkierrie</a>, knopkierie, knobkerry, also a blunt weapon (African)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Rungu_(weapon)/XqvkD7QU">Rungu</a> (East African)</li> <li>Stick, <a href="/facts/Branch/byMv8JP3">branch</a> (Improvised, Worldwide)</li></ul> <h2 id="gunpowder-based">Gunpowder-based</h2> <p class="note">See also: <a href="/facts/History_of_the_firearm/Uz2F7ndY">History of the firearm</a> and <a href="/facts/Gunpowder/AEcB6HCR">Gunpowder § History</a></p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Abus_gun/eEhLhyDG">Abus</a> howitzer (Turkish)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Arquebus/pfeToDsN">Arquebus</a>, caliver, hackbut, harkbus, harquebus (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Bajozutsu/C8l5QwfN">Bajozutsu</a> pistol (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Basilisk_(cannon)/fqxQoAGe">Basilisk</a> cannon (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Baton_a_feu/4EzaetqM">Baton a feu</a> hand cannon (French)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Bedil_tombak/Iqj846Dy">Bedil tumbak</a> hand cannon (Indonesian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Blunderbuss/EDwQw2Cc">Blunderbuss</a>, donderbus (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Bo-hiya/gEpLa1XT">Bo-hiya</a> rocket arrow (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Bombard_(weapon)/JfpbsnQb">Bombard</a> (European, Middle Eastern, Chinese)</li> <li>Byzantine bombard (Greek)</li> <li>Byzantine fire tube (cannon)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32"><sup>32</sup></a> (Greek)</li> <li>Byzantine rocket launcher<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33"><sup>33</sup></a> (Greek)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Cannon/IH7VkIpm">Cannon</a> (European, Middle Eastern, Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Cetbang/ePKE5myJ">Cetbang</a> cannon (Indonesian, Southeast Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Che_Dian_Chong/PW61ehNm">Che Dian Chong</a> musket (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Chongtong/Qdx2TCw9">Chongtong</a> cannon (Korean)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Culverin/hpMmL1mV">Culverin</a> cannon (French)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Dardanelles_Gun/ukzxDCfx">Dardanelles bombard</a> (Turkish)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Dulle_Griet/v6ad0ycs">Dulle Griet</a> bombard (Belgian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Ekor_lotong/sX0c2y3w">Ekor lotong</a> cannon (Malaysian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Falconet_(cannon)/TWpz3IvX">Falconet</a>, falcon cannon (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Fauconneau/oIGydtNQ">Fauconneau</a> cannon (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Faule_Grete/B5fALc36">Faule Grete</a> bombard (Polish)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Faule_Mette/oaT3eYzN">Faule Mette</a> bombard (German)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Fire_arrow/RaCSRbp1">Fire arrow</a>, rocket arrow (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Fire_lance/aKjj1YaR">Fire lance</a>, Huo Qiang lance hand cannon (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Grose_Bochse/tMkoTJmg">Grose Bochse</a> bombard (German)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Hand_cannon/5rGD3tEL">Hand cannon</a> (European, Middle Eastern, Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Hand_mortar/leEoHxbI">Hand mortar</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Heilongjiang_hand_cannon/wM0aVTCX">Heilongjiang hand cannon</a> (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Hu_dun_pao/NpKG1uUh">Hu Dun Pao cannon</a> (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Huo_Che/6dh6cjKN">Huo Che</a> rocket arrow launcher (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Huo_Chong/AtcnTCJ6">Huo Chong</a> hand cannon (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Hwacha/KAKT5W8f">Hwacha</a> rocket arrow launcher (Korean)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Istinggar/rAevyngA">Istinggar arquebus</a> (Indonesian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Java_arquebus/G9fzhkR7">Java arquebus</a> (Indonesian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Jiaozhi_arquebus/9kn47Hoc">Jiaozhi arquebus</a> (Vietnamese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Korean_cannon/aDnBtFjr">Korean cannon</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Lantaka/40BqWcET">Lantaka</a>, rentaka cannon (Philippinese, Indonesian, Malaysian, Southeast Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Lela_(cannon)/NWBNaKT0">Lela</a> cannon (Malaysian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Matchlock/2ppK74kP">Matchlock</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Snap_matchlock/olQoUJn7">Snap matchlock</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Miniature_meriam_kecil/lnLtBETe">Meriam kecil</a> hand cannon (Indonesian, Malaysian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Mons_Meg/yDwantbu">Mons Meg</a> bombard (Belgian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Mortar_(siege_cannon)/2vs8xEBx">Mortar</a> (European, Middle Eastern, Chinese)</li> <li>Orban bombard (Turkish)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Organ_gun/QXwDqVeH">Organ gun</a>, ribauldequin, ribauiidkin, ribault, rabauld (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Petronel/7y2JJEGe">Petronel</a> hand cannon (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Pierrier_a_boite/yw0osMU6">Pierrier a boite</a> cannon (French)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Pistol/pQgRhGBM">Pistol</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Pot_de_fer/Bz8ToTQD">Pot de fer</a> cannon (French)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Prangi/K8x1ktK1">Prangi</a>, pranki, pranku, paranki, pranga, parangi, prangu, parangu, piranki, pirangi, farangi, firingi, firingiha cannon (Turkish, Indian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Pumhart_von_Steyr/DuWy6gIJ">Pumhart von Steyr</a> bombard (Austrian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/San_Yan_Chong/swz8A0f6">San Yan Chong</a> three barrel hand cannon (Chinese)</li> <li>Shou Chong hand cannon (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Singijeon/Bp2dQYaf">Singijeon</a>, shinkichon rocket arrow (Korean)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Tanegashima_(gun)/sgc0TjKm">Tanegashima arquebus</a> (Japanese)</li> <li>Tarasnice cannon (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Toradar/MzzXYFRI">Toradar</a>, torador arquebus (Indian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Tu_Huo_Qiang/zKwNLvrx">Tu Huo Qiang</a> hand cannon (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Veuglaire/RUcG2oQQ">Veuglaire</a> cannon (French)</li> <li>Wankou Chong cannon (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Xanadu_Gun/V77wK7UV">Xanadu</a> cannon (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Wuwei_Bronze_Cannon/mM7BFqhR">Xi Xia</a> cannon (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Xun_Lei_Chong/sWnj5kdq">Xun Lei Chong</a> spear five barrel revolver musket (Chinese)</li></ul> <h2 id="slings">Slings</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Kestros_(weapon)/d9Nz37R0">Kestros</a>, cestrus, cestrosfendoni, kestrosfedoni (Greek)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Sling_(weapon)/EwYNdjPG">Sling</a> (Worldwide)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Staff_sling/EwYNdjPG">Stave sling</a>, fustibale (Mediterranean)</li></ul> <h2 id="bows">Bows</h2> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Bow_and_arrow/Ch6Thysp">Bow and arrow</a></p> <h3>Longbows</h3> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Longbows/TJCxcEwF">Longbows</a></p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Yumi/utEjFrRJ">Daikyu</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Decurve_bow/uHdYLE1Q">Decurve bow</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Deflex_bow/uHdYLE1Q">Deflex bow</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/English_longbow/7BVUeEfU">English longbow</a>, warbow</li> <li><a href="/facts/Flatbow/Au5llrEj">Flatbow</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Self_bow/543QhpCe">Self bow</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Welsh_longbow/7BVUeEfU">Welsh longbow</a>, warbow</li></ul> <h3>Recurve bows</h3> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Recurve_bow/Sv4FnLg1">Recurve bow</a></p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Cable-backed_bow/IYju9r59">Cable-backed bow</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Composite_bow/yMFjhBFN">Composite bow</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Composite_bow/yMFjhBFN">Hungarian bow</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Composite_bow/yMFjhBFN">Perso-Parthian bow</a></li></ul> <h3>Short bows and reflex bows</h3> <p class="note">Main articles: <a href="/facts/Short_bow/Ch6Thysp">Short bow</a> and <a href="/facts/Reflex_bow/uHdYLE1Q">Reflex bow</a></p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Gungdo/oGnIzzge">Gungdo</a>, hwal (Korean)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Yumi/utEjFrRJ">Hankyu</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Mongol_bow/lIGfJF8c">Mongol bow</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Turkish_bow/d5YzAb7B">Turkish bow</a></li></ul> <h2 id="crossbows">Crossbows</h2> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Crossbow/wu8ERwtL">Crossbow</a></p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Arbalest/GNf5cdJR">Arbalest</a>, arblast (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Bullet-shooting_crossbow/zQgYNu70">Bullet bow, English bullet bow, pellet crossbow</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:34" href="#fn:34"><sup>34</sup></a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Cheiroballistra/7pt0NYYP">Cheiroballistra</a>, hirovallistra hand ballista (Roman, Greek)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Crossbow/wu8ERwtL">Crossbow</a> (European, Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Gastraphetes/rSyq5JYS">Gastraphetes</a>, gastrafetis (Greek)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Crossbow/wu8ERwtL">Pistol crossbow</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Repeating_crossbow/zX3tP5j0">Repeating crossbow</a>, chu ko nu, zhuge (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Sk%C3%A5ne_lockbow/TaFM5Ymt">Skåne lockbow</a> (European)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Stone_bow/zQgYNu70">Stone bow</a> (European)</li></ul> <h2 id="blowguns">Blowguns</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Blowgun/vjWR0mJ3">Blowgun</a>, blowpipe, blow tube (Worldwide)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Fukiya/EwpllLN3">Fukiya</a> (Japanese)</li></ul> <h2 id="stationary-mounted-or-wheeled-ballistic-devices">Stationary, mounted, or wheeled ballistic devices</h2> <p class="note">Further information: <a href="/facts/List_of_siege_engines/ID9h2eJ3">List of siege engines</a></p> <p>This section includes <a href="/facts/Ballistics/3WHTox0u">ballistic</a> (missile-launching) <a href="/facts/Siege_engines/r2PkepBD">siege engines</a> and similar larger ballistic devices which were either stationary, mounted on moving objects such as carts or elephants, or wheeled. </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Ballista/whbs9sP2">Ballista</a> (European, Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Ballista_elephant/w7naj3X5">Ballista elephant</a> (Angkor)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Carroballista/7pt0NYYP">Carroballista</a> (Roman)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Catapult/UUWbWyd8">Catapult</a> (European, Asian)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Catapulta/6c5QYKWG">Catapulta</a> (Roman)</li> <li>Efthytonon catapult (Greek)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Hu_dun_pao/NpKG1uUh">Hu Dun Pao trebuchet</a> (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Mangonel/wQhwwqSn">Mangonel</a> (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Onager_(siege_weapon)/YKWukfba">Onager</a> (Roman)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Oxybeles/TaTs54Q0">Oxybeles</a>, oxyvelis ballista (Greek)</li> <li>Palintonon catapult (Greek)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Polybolos/z0nTm2pC">Polybolos</a>, polyvolos repeating ballista (Greek)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Trebuchet/1MtgjeVV">Trebuchet</a> (European, Asian)</li></ul> <h2 id="flamethrowers">Flamethrowers</h2> <p class="note">Main articles: <a href="/facts/Flamethrower/rQ6djWsx">Flamethrower § History</a>, and <a href="/facts/Early_thermal_weapons/fuBeGmvm">Early thermal weapons</a></p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Pen_Huo_Qi/dnfzJPML">Pen Huo Qi flamethrower</a> (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Greek_fire/7VshV9hr">Greek fire</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:35" href="#fn:35"><sup>35</sup></a></li></ul> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/List_of_martial_arts_weapons/9AzK1fx4">List of martial arts weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/List_of_medieval_weapons/sMSnpBFw">List of medieval weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/List_of_practice_weapons/KyEqo4t3">List of practice weapons</a></li></ul> <p>Swords </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/List_of_Japanese_swords/UDIjjSpU">List of Japanese swords</a> <ul><li><a href="/facts/List_of_National_Treasures_of_Japan_(crafts:_swords)/38bv2Aqf">List of National Treasures of Japan (crafts: swords)</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/List_of_Wazamono/R3tIXelC">List of Wazamono</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/List_of_fictional_swords/wzbCL44g">List of fictional swords</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/List_of_legendary_swords/WVa49oJ8">List of legendary swords</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/List_of_historical_swords/ky9hyss7">List of historical swords</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Classification_of_swords/YRqaTt9I">Classification of swords</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Types_of_swords/LI6sCMws">List of types of swords</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Regan, Paula, ed. (2006). Weapon: A Visual History of Arms and Armor. New York: DK Publishing. ISBN 0-7566-2210-7. <a href="0-7566-2210-7" target="_blank">0-7566-2210-7</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Regan, Paula, ed. (2006). Weapon: A Visual History of Arms and Armor. New York: DK Publishing. ISBN 0-7566-2210-7. <a href="0-7566-2210-7" target="_blank">0-7566-2210-7</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Regan, Paula, ed. (2006). Weapon: A Visual History of Arms and Armor. New York: DK Publishing. ISBN 0-7566-2210-7. <a href="0-7566-2210-7" target="_blank">0-7566-2210-7</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Regan, Paula, ed. (2006). Weapon: A Visual History of Arms and Armor. New York: DK Publishing. ISBN 0-7566-2210-7. <a href="0-7566-2210-7" target="_blank">0-7566-2210-7</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Cope, Anne, ed. (1989). Swords and Hilt Weapons. New York: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p. 8. ISBN 1-55584-290-9. <a href="1-55584-290-9" target="_blank">1-55584-290-9</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Gordon, Col. D.H. (1953). "Swords, Rapiers and Horse riders". Antiquity. 27 (106). Antiquity Publications Ltd: 67–76. doi:10.1017/S0003598X00024595. S2CID 163326613.[permanent dead link] <a href="http://antiquity.ac.uk/ant/027/Ant0270067.htm" target="_blank">http://antiquity.ac.uk/ant/027/Ant0270067.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Regan, Paula, ed. (2006). Weapon: A Visual History of Arms and Armor. New York: DK Publishing. ISBN 0-7566-2210-7. <a href="0-7566-2210-7" target="_blank">0-7566-2210-7</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Regan, Paula, ed. (2006). Weapon: A Visual History of Arms and Armor. New York: DK Publishing. ISBN 0-7566-2210-7. <a href="0-7566-2210-7" target="_blank">0-7566-2210-7</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Regan, Paula, ed. (2006). Weapon: A Visual History of Arms and Armor. New York: DK Publishing. ISBN 0-7566-2210-7. <a href="0-7566-2210-7" target="_blank">0-7566-2210-7</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Regan, Paula, ed. (2006). Weapon: A Visual History of Arms and Armor. New York: DK Publishing. ISBN 0-7566-2210-7. <a href="0-7566-2210-7" target="_blank">0-7566-2210-7</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Regan, Paula, ed. (2006). Weapon: A Visual History of Arms and Armor. New York: DK Publishing. ISBN 0-7566-2210-7. <a href="0-7566-2210-7" target="_blank">0-7566-2210-7</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Regan, Paula, ed. (2006). Weapon: A Visual History of Arms and Armor. New York: DK Publishing. ISBN 0-7566-2210-7. <a href="0-7566-2210-7" target="_blank">0-7566-2210-7</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Levine, Bernard; Weland, Gerald. Knives, swords, & daggers. New York: Barnes & Noble. p. 200. <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>Regan, Paula, ed. (2006). Weapon: A Visual History of Arms and Armor. New York: DK Publishing. ISBN 0-7566-2210-7. <a href="0-7566-2210-7" target="_blank">0-7566-2210-7</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>Cope, Anne, ed. (1989). Swords and Hilt Weapons. New York: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p. 8. ISBN 1-55584-290-9. <a href="1-55584-290-9" target="_blank">1-55584-290-9</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>Wilbraham Egerton, 1st Earl Egerton (2002) [reporoduced in facsimile from A Description of Indian and Oriental Armour, published in 1896, which was the second and expanded edition of An Illustrated Handbook of Indian Arms published in 1880]. Indian and Oriental armour. Dover Publications. p. 100. ISBN 978-0486422299. <a href="978-0486422299" target="_blank">978-0486422299</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>Regan, Paula, ed. (2006). Weapon: A Visual History of Arms and Armor. New York: DK Publishing. ISBN 0-7566-2210-7. <a href="0-7566-2210-7" target="_blank">0-7566-2210-7</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:18"><p>Regan, Paula, ed. (2006). Weapon: A Visual History of Arms and Armor. New York: DK Publishing. ISBN 0-7566-2210-7. <a href="0-7566-2210-7" target="_blank">0-7566-2210-7</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:19"><p>Regan, Paula, ed. (2006). Weapon: A Visual History of Arms and Armor. New York: DK Publishing. ISBN 0-7566-2210-7. <a href="0-7566-2210-7" target="_blank">0-7566-2210-7</a> <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:20"><p>Regan, Paula, ed. (2006). Weapon: A Visual History of Arms and Armor. New York: DK Publishing. ISBN 0-7566-2210-7. <a href="0-7566-2210-7" target="_blank">0-7566-2210-7</a> <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:21"><p>Regan, Paula, ed. (2006). Weapon: A Visual History of Arms and Armor. New York: DK Publishing. ISBN 0-7566-2210-7. <a href="0-7566-2210-7" target="_blank">0-7566-2210-7</a> <a href="#fnref:21" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:22"><p>Regan, Paula, ed. (2006). Weapon: A Visual History of Arms and Armor. New York: DK Publishing. ISBN 0-7566-2210-7. <a href="0-7566-2210-7" target="_blank">0-7566-2210-7</a> <a href="#fnref:22" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:23"><p>"Igorot Head Hunting Axe #2". Traditional Filipino Weapons. <a href="http://traditionalfilipinoweapons.com/IrogotAxe2.html" target="_blank">http://traditionalfilipinoweapons.com/IrogotAxe2.html</a> <a href="#fnref:23" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:24"><p>Regan, Paula, ed. (2006). Weapon: A Visual History of Arms and Armor. New York: DK Publishing. ISBN 0-7566-2210-7. <a href="0-7566-2210-7" target="_blank">0-7566-2210-7</a> <a href="#fnref:24" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:25"><p>Regan, Paula, ed. (2006). Weapon: A Visual History of Arms and Armor. New York: DK Publishing. ISBN 0-7566-2210-7. <a href="0-7566-2210-7" target="_blank">0-7566-2210-7</a> <a href="#fnref:25" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:26"><p>Regan, Paula, ed. (2006). Weapon: A Visual History of Arms and Armor. New York: DK Publishing. ISBN 0-7566-2210-7. <a href="0-7566-2210-7" target="_blank">0-7566-2210-7</a> <a href="#fnref:26" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:27"><p>Regan, Paula, ed. (2006). Weapon: A Visual History of Arms and Armor. New York: DK Publishing. ISBN 0-7566-2210-7. <a href="0-7566-2210-7" target="_blank">0-7566-2210-7</a> <a href="#fnref:27" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:28"><p>"Spear (Sang) Indian". The Met. <a href="https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/30762" target="_blank">https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/30762</a> <a href="#fnref:28" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:29"><p>Regan, Paula, ed. (2006). Weapon: A Visual History of Arms and Armor. New York: DK Publishing. ISBN 0-7566-2210-7. <a href="0-7566-2210-7" target="_blank">0-7566-2210-7</a> <a href="#fnref:29" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:30"><p>Regan, Paula, ed. (2006). Weapon: A Visual History of Arms and Armor. New York: DK Publishing. ISBN 0-7566-2210-7. <a href="0-7566-2210-7" target="_blank">0-7566-2210-7</a> <a href="#fnref:30" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:31"><p>"Northern spear". <a href="http://traditionalfilipinoweapons.com/Spear.html" target="_blank">http://traditionalfilipinoweapons.com/Spear.html</a> <a href="#fnref:31" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:32"><p>Γεώργιος Ηλιόπουλος (Georgios Iliopoulos), "Η χαμένη πυραυλική τεχνολογία των αρχαίων Ελλήνων" (The lost missile technology of the ancient Greeks), Ιχώρ (Ihor), 27, page 12-13, Greece, 2002. <a href="#fnref:32" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:33"><p>Γεώργιος Ηλιόπουλος (Georgios Iliopoulos), "Η χαμένη πυραυλική τεχνολογία των αρχαίων Ελλήνων" (The lost missile technology of the ancient Greeks), Ιχώρ (Ihor), 27, page 13, Greece, 2002. <a href="#fnref:33" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:34"><p>Regan, Paula, ed. (2006). Weapon: A Visual History of Arms and Armor. New York: DK Publishing. ISBN 0-7566-2210-7. <a href="0-7566-2210-7" target="_blank">0-7566-2210-7</a> <a href="#fnref:34" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:35"><p>Γεώργιος Ηλιόπουλος (Georgios Iliopoulos), "Η χαμένη πυραυλική τεχνολογία των αρχαίων Ελλήνων" (The lost missile technology of the ancient Greeks), Ιχώρ (Ihor), 27, page 12-13, Greece, 2002. <a href="#fnref:35" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>