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Most common words in English
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<h2 id="100-most-common-words">100 most common words</h2> <p>A list of 100 words that occur most frequently in written English is given below, based on an analysis of the <a href="/facts/Oxford_English_Corpus/WeF74g2D">Oxford English Corpus</a> (a collection of texts in the English language, comprising over 2 billion words).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> A <a href="/facts/Part_of_speech/WbQ89MHX">part of speech</a> is provided for most of the words, but part-of-speech categories vary between analyses, and not all possibilities are listed. For example, "I" may be a pronoun or a Roman numeral; "to" may be a preposition or an infinitive marker; "time" may be a noun or a verb. Also, a single spelling can represent more than one <a href="/facts/Root_word/VwkvmJxn">root word</a>. For example, "singer" may be a form of either "sing" or "singe". Different corpora may treat such difference differently. </p><p>The number of distinct senses that are listed in <a href="/facts/Wiktionary/CkYghv2h">Wiktionary</a> is shown in the <a href="/facts/Polysemy/en5BnYGW">polysemy</a> column. For example, "out" can refer to an escape, a removal from play in baseball, or any of 36 other concepts. On average, each word in the list has 15.38 senses. The sense count does not include the use of terms in <a href="/facts/Phrasal_verb/3Hax4hoo">phrasal verbs</a> such as "put out" (as in "inconvenienced") and other <a href="/facts/Multiword_expression/JaAk3qnW">multiword expressions</a> such as the interjection "get out!", where the word "out" does not have an individual meaning.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> As an example, "out" occurs in at least 560 phrasal verbs<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> and appears in nearly 1700 multiword expressions.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> </p><p>The table also includes frequencies from other corpora. As well as usage differences, <a href="/facts/Lemmatisation/eGz6L9yE">lemmatisation</a> may differ from corpus to corpus – for example splitting the prepositional use of "to" from the use as a particle. Also, the <a href="/facts/Corpus_of_Contemporary_American_English/vvX9vIlu">Corpus of Contemporary American English</a> (COCA) list includes dispersion as well as frequency to calculate rank. </p> <table><tbody><tr><th scope="col">Word</th><th scope="col">Parts of speech</th><th scope="col">OEC rank</th><th scope="col"><a href="/facts/Corpus_of_Contemporary_American_English/vvX9vIlu">COCA</a> rank<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a></th><th scope="col"><a href="/facts/Dolch_word_list/ntxns7eA">Dolch level</a></th><th scope="col"><a href="/facts/Polysemy/en5BnYGW">Polysemy</a></th></tr><tr><td>the</td><td><a href="/facts/English_articles/CTs9Lg2I">Article</a></td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>Pre-primer</td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td>be</td><td><a href="/facts/English_verbs/6oGpx1Mz">Verb</a></td><td>2</td><td>2</td><td>Primer</td><td>21</td></tr><tr><td>to</td><td><a href="/facts/Preposition/Bhz0tAMI">Preposition</a></td><td>3</td><td>7, 9</td><td>Pre-primer</td><td>17</td></tr><tr><td>of</td><td>Preposition</td><td>4</td><td>4</td><td>Grade 1</td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td>and</td><td><a href="/facts/English_coordinators/yYlBJ9cX">Coordinator</a></td><td>5</td><td>3</td><td>Pre-primer</td><td>16</td></tr><tr><td>a</td><td>Article</td><td>6</td><td>5</td><td>Pre-primer</td><td>20</td></tr><tr><td>in</td><td>Preposition</td><td>7</td><td>6, 128, 3038</td><td>Pre-primer</td><td>23</td></tr><tr><td>that</td><td><a href="/facts/English_subordinators/eoVLLPC1">Subordinator</a>, <a href="/facts/English_determiners/SH13shAQ">determiner</a></td><td>8</td><td>12, 27, 903</td><td>Primer</td><td>17</td></tr><tr><td>have</td><td>Verb</td><td>9</td><td>8</td><td>Primer</td><td>25</td></tr><tr><td>I</td><td><a href="/facts/English_pronouns/owXevU7x">Pronoun</a></td><td>10</td><td>11</td><td>Pre-primer</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td>it</td><td>Pronoun</td><td>11</td><td>10</td><td>Pre-primer</td><td>18</td></tr><tr><td>for</td><td>Preposition</td><td>12</td><td>13, 2339</td><td>Pre-primer</td><td>19</td></tr><tr><td>not</td><td><a href="/facts/English_adverbs/JxL8jwGt">Adverb</a> et al.</td><td>13</td><td>28, 2929</td><td>Pre-primer</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td>on</td><td>Preposition</td><td>14</td><td>17, 155</td><td>Primer</td><td>43</td></tr><tr><td>with</td><td>Preposition</td><td>15</td><td>16</td><td>Primer</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td>he</td><td>Pronoun</td><td>16</td><td>15</td><td>Primer</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td>as</td><td>Adverb, preposition</td><td>17</td><td>33, 49, 129</td><td>Grade 1</td><td>17</td></tr><tr><td>you</td><td>Pronoun</td><td>18</td><td>14</td><td>Pre-primer</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td>do</td><td>Verb, <a href="/facts/English_nouns/FpxbYzYr">noun</a></td><td>19</td><td>18</td><td>Primer</td><td>38</td></tr><tr><td>at</td><td>Preposition</td><td>20</td><td>22</td><td>Primer</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><td>this</td><td>Determiner, adverb, noun</td><td>21</td><td>20, 4665</td><td>Primer</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td>but</td><td>Preposition, adverb, coordinator</td><td>22</td><td>23, 1715</td><td>Primer</td><td>17</td></tr><tr><td>his</td><td>Possessive pronoun</td><td>23</td><td>25, 1887</td><td>Grade 1</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td>by</td><td>Preposition</td><td>24</td><td>30, 1190</td><td>Grade 1</td><td>19</td></tr><tr><td>from</td><td>Preposition</td><td>25</td><td>26</td><td>Grade 1</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td>they</td><td>Pronoun</td><td>26</td><td>21</td><td>Primer</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td>we</td><td>Pronoun</td><td>27</td><td>24</td><td>Pre-primer</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td>say</td><td>Verb et al.</td><td>28</td><td>19</td><td>Primer</td><td>17</td></tr><tr><td>her</td><td>Possessive pronoun</td><td>29, 106</td><td>42</td><td>Grade 1</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>she</td><td>Pronoun</td><td>30</td><td>31</td><td>Primer</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td>or</td><td>Coordinator</td><td>31</td><td>32</td><td>Grade 2</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td>an</td><td>Article</td><td>32</td><td>(a)</td><td>Grade 1</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td>will</td><td>Verb, noun</td><td>33</td><td>48, 1506</td><td>Primer</td><td>16</td></tr><tr><td>my</td><td>Possessive pronoun</td><td>34</td><td>44</td><td>Pre-primer</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td>one</td><td>Noun, adjective, et al.</td><td>35</td><td>51, 104, 839</td><td>Pre-primer</td><td>24</td></tr><tr><td>all</td><td>Adjective</td><td>36</td><td>43, 222</td><td>Primer</td><td>15</td></tr><tr><td>would</td><td>Verb</td><td>37</td><td>41</td><td>Grade 2</td><td>13</td></tr><tr><td>there</td><td>Adverb, pronoun, et al.</td><td>38</td><td>53, 116</td><td>Primer</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><td>their</td><td>Possessive pronoun</td><td>39</td><td>36</td><td>Grade 2</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td>what</td><td>Pronoun, adverb, et al.</td><td>40</td><td>34</td><td>Primer</td><td>19</td></tr><tr><td>so</td><td>Coordinator, adverb, et al.</td><td>41</td><td>55, 196</td><td>Primer</td><td>18</td></tr><tr><td>up</td><td>Adverb, preposition, et al.</td><td>42</td><td>50, 456</td><td>Pre-primer</td><td>50</td></tr><tr><td>out</td><td>Preposition</td><td>43</td><td>64, 149</td><td>Primer</td><td>38</td></tr><tr><td>if</td><td>Preposition</td><td>44</td><td>40</td><td>Grade 3</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td>about</td><td>Preposition, adverb, et al.</td><td>45</td><td>46, 179</td><td>Grade 3</td><td>18</td></tr><tr><td>who</td><td>Pronoun, noun</td><td>46</td><td>38</td><td>Primer</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td>get</td><td>Verb</td><td>47</td><td>39</td><td>Primer</td><td>37</td></tr><tr><td>which</td><td>Pronoun</td><td>48</td><td>58</td><td>Grade 2</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td>go</td><td>Verb, noun</td><td>49</td><td>35</td><td>Pre-primer</td><td>54</td></tr><tr><td>me</td><td>Pronoun</td><td>50</td><td>61</td><td>Pre-primer</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td>when</td><td>Adverb</td><td>51</td><td>57, 136</td><td>Grade 1</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td>make</td><td>Verb, noun</td><td>52</td><td>45</td><td>Grade 2 [as "made"]</td><td>48</td></tr><tr><td>can</td><td>Verb, noun</td><td>53</td><td>37, 2973</td><td>Pre-primer</td><td>18</td></tr><tr><td>like</td><td>Preposition, verb</td><td>54</td><td>74, 208, 1123, 1684, 2702</td><td>Primer</td><td>26</td></tr><tr><td>time</td><td>Noun</td><td>55</td><td>52</td><td>Dolch list of 95 nouns</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><td>no</td><td>Determiner, adverb</td><td>56</td><td>93, 699, 916, 1111, 4555</td><td>Primer</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td>just</td><td>Adjective</td><td>57</td><td>66, 1823</td><td>Grade 1</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><td>him</td><td>Pronoun</td><td>58</td><td>68</td><td>Grade 1</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td>know</td><td>Verb, noun</td><td>59</td><td>47</td><td>Grade 1</td><td>13</td></tr><tr><td>take</td><td>Verb, noun</td><td>60</td><td>63</td><td>Grade 1</td><td>66</td></tr><tr><td>people</td><td>Noun</td><td>61</td><td>62</td><td></td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td>into</td><td>Preposition</td><td>62</td><td>65</td><td>Primer</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td>year</td><td>Noun</td><td>63</td><td>54</td><td></td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td>your</td><td>Possessive pronoun</td><td>64</td><td>69</td><td>Grade 2</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td>good</td><td>Adjective</td><td>65</td><td>110, 2280</td><td>Primer</td><td>32</td></tr><tr><td>some</td><td>Determiner</td><td>66</td><td>60</td><td>Grade 1</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td>could</td><td>Verb</td><td>67</td><td>71</td><td>Grade 1</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td>them</td><td>Pronoun</td><td>68</td><td>59</td><td>Grade 1</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>see</td><td>Verb</td><td>69</td><td>67</td><td></td><td>25</td></tr><tr><td>other</td><td>Adjective, pronoun</td><td>70</td><td>75, 715, 2355</td><td></td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td>than</td><td>Preposition</td><td>71</td><td>73, 712</td><td></td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td>then</td><td>Adverb</td><td>72</td><td>77</td><td>Grade 1</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td>now</td><td>Preposition</td><td>73</td><td>72, 1906</td><td>Primer</td><td>13</td></tr><tr><td>look</td><td>Verb</td><td>74</td><td>85, 604</td><td>Pre-primer</td><td>17</td></tr><tr><td>only</td><td>Adverb</td><td>75</td><td>101, 329</td><td>Grade 3</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td>come</td><td>Verb</td><td>76</td><td>70</td><td>Pre-primer</td><td>20</td></tr><tr><td>its</td><td>Possessive pronoun</td><td>77</td><td>78</td><td>Grade 2</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td>over</td><td>Preposition</td><td>78</td><td>124, 182</td><td>Grade 1</td><td>19</td></tr><tr><td>think</td><td>Verb</td><td>79</td><td>56</td><td>Grade 1</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td>also</td><td>Adverb</td><td>80</td><td>87</td><td></td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td>back</td><td>Noun, adverb</td><td>81</td><td>108, 323, 1877</td><td>Dolch list of 95 nouns</td><td>36</td></tr><tr><td>after</td><td>Preposition</td><td>82</td><td>120, 260</td><td>Grade 1</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><td>use</td><td>Verb, noun</td><td>83</td><td>92, 429</td><td>Grade 2</td><td>17</td></tr><tr><td>two</td><td>Noun</td><td>84</td><td>80</td><td>Pre-primer</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td>how</td><td>Adverb</td><td>85</td><td>76</td><td>Grade 1</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td>our</td><td>Possessive pronoun</td><td>86</td><td>79</td><td>Primer</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td>work</td><td>Verb, noun</td><td>87</td><td>117, 199</td><td>Grade 2</td><td>28</td></tr><tr><td>first</td><td>Adjective</td><td>88</td><td>86, 2064</td><td>Grade 2</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td>well</td><td>Adverb</td><td>89</td><td>100, 644</td><td>Primer</td><td>30</td></tr><tr><td>way</td><td>Noun, adverb</td><td>90</td><td>84, 4090</td><td>Dolch list of 95 nouns</td><td>16</td></tr><tr><td>even</td><td>Adjective</td><td>91</td><td>107, 484</td><td></td><td>23</td></tr><tr><td>new</td><td>Adjective et al.</td><td>92</td><td>88</td><td>Primer</td><td>18</td></tr><tr><td>want</td><td>Verb</td><td>93</td><td>83</td><td>Primer</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><td>because</td><td>Preposition</td><td>94</td><td>89, 509</td><td>Grade 2</td><td>7</td></tr><tr><td>any</td><td>Pronoun</td><td>95</td><td>109, 4720</td><td>Grade 1</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td>these</td><td>Pronoun</td><td>96</td><td>82</td><td>Grade 2</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td>give</td><td>Verb</td><td>97</td><td>98</td><td>Grade 1</td><td>19</td></tr><tr><td>day</td><td>Noun</td><td>98</td><td>90</td><td>Dolch list of 95 nouns</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td>most</td><td>Adverb</td><td>99</td><td>144, 187</td><td></td><td>12</td></tr><tr><td>us</td><td>Pronoun</td><td>100</td><td>113</td><td>Grade 2</td><td>6</td></tr></tbody></table> <h3>Parts of speech</h3> <p>The following is a very similar list, also from the OEC, subdivided by <a href="/facts/Part_of_speech/WbQ89MHX">part of speech</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> The list labeled "Others" includes <a href="/facts/Pronoun/UsbSNRSl">pronouns</a>, <a href="/facts/Possessive/7feWIJDM">possessives</a>, <a href="/facts/Article_(grammar)/dLXmIPh1">articles</a>, <a href="/facts/Modal_verb/hxmu50RP">modal verbs</a>, <a href="/facts/Adverb/gDhqt9np">adverbs</a>, and <a href="/facts/Conjunction_(grammar)/bKVVIpob">conjunctions</a>. </p> <table><tbody><tr><th>Rank</th><th>Nouns</th><th>Verbs</th><th>Adjectives</th><th>Prepositions</th><th>Others</th></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>time</td><td>be</td><td>good</td><td>to</td><td>the</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>person</td><td>have</td><td>new</td><td>of</td><td>and</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>year</td><td>do</td><td>first</td><td>in</td><td>a</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>way</td><td>say</td><td>last</td><td>for</td><td>that</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>day</td><td>get</td><td>long</td><td>on</td><td>I</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>thing</td><td>make</td><td>great</td><td>with</td><td>it</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>man</td><td>go</td><td>little</td><td>at</td><td>not</td></tr><tr><td>8</td><td>world</td><td>know</td><td>own</td><td>by</td><td>he</td></tr><tr><td>9</td><td>life</td><td>take</td><td>other</td><td>from</td><td>as</td></tr><tr><td>10</td><td>hand</td><td>see</td><td>old</td><td>up</td><td>you</td></tr><tr><td>11</td><td>part</td><td>come</td><td>right</td><td>about</td><td>this</td></tr><tr><td>12</td><td>child</td><td>think</td><td>big</td><td>into</td><td>but</td></tr><tr><td>13</td><td>eye</td><td>look</td><td>high</td><td>over</td><td>his</td></tr><tr><td>14</td><td>woman</td><td>want</td><td>different</td><td>after</td><td>they</td></tr><tr><td>15</td><td>place</td><td>give</td><td>small</td><td></td><td>her</td></tr><tr><td>16</td><td>work</td><td>use</td><td>large</td><td></td><td>she</td></tr><tr><td>17</td><td>week</td><td>find</td><td>next</td><td></td><td>or</td></tr><tr><td>18</td><td>case</td><td>tell</td><td>early</td><td></td><td>an</td></tr><tr><td>19</td><td>point</td><td>ask</td><td>young</td><td></td><td>will</td></tr><tr><td>20</td><td>government</td><td>work</td><td>important</td><td></td><td>my</td></tr><tr><td>21</td><td>company</td><td>seem</td><td>few</td><td></td><td>one</td></tr><tr><td>22</td><td>number</td><td>feel</td><td>public</td><td></td><td>all</td></tr><tr><td>23</td><td>group</td><td>try</td><td>bad</td><td></td><td>would</td></tr><tr><td>24</td><td>problem</td><td>leave</td><td>same</td><td></td><td>there</td></tr><tr><td>25</td><td>fact</td><td>call</td><td>able</td><td></td><td>their</td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul> <li>Languages portal</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Basic_English/pbIkSYn4">Basic English</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Frequency_analysis/7bbymDaN">Frequency analysis</a>, the study of the frequency of letters or groups of letters</li> <li><a href="/facts/Letter_frequencies/IyvrB9eT">Letter frequencies</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Oxford_English_Corpus/WeF74g2D">Oxford English Corpus</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Swadesh_list/f7vsCc2e">Swadesh list</a>, a compilation of basic concepts for the purpose of historical-comparative linguistics</li> <li><a href="/facts/Zipf%27s_law/bspk1du8">Zipf's law</a>, a theory stating that the frequency of any word is inversely proportional to its rank in a frequency table</li></ul> <h3>Word lists</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Dolch_Word_List/ntxns7eA">Dolch Word List</a>, a list of frequently used English words</li> <li><a href="/facts/General_Service_List/oKUFzhhr">General Service List</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/New_General_Service_List/tcV0m4hH">New General Service List</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Word_lists_by_frequency/CQeeR91L">Word lists by frequency</a></li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> Look up <i>frequency lists</i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"The Oxford English Corpus: Facts about the language". OxfordDictionaries.com. Oxford University Press. What is the commonest word?. Archived from the original on December 26, 2011. Retrieved June 22, 2011. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111226085859/http://oxforddictionaries.com/words/the-oec-facts-about-the-language" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20111226085859/http://oxforddictionaries.com/words/the-oec-facts-about-the-language</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"The Oxford English Corpus". AskOxford.com. Archived from the original on May 4, 2006. Retrieved June 22, 2006. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060504223239/http://www.askoxford.com/oec/mainpage/?view=uk" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20060504223239/http://www.askoxford.com/oec/mainpage/?view=uk</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>The First 100 Most Commonly Used English Words Archived 2013-06-16 at the Wayback Machine. <a href="http://www.duboislc.org/EducationWatch/First100Words.html" target="_blank">http://www.duboislc.org/EducationWatch/First100Words.html</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Bill Bryson, The Mother Tongue: English and How It Got That Way, Harper Perennial, 2001, page 58 <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Benjamin Zimmer. June 22, 2006. Time after time after time.... Language Log. 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