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Lock screen
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<h2 id="lock-screens-by-platform">Lock screens by platform</h2> <h3>Mobile operating systems</h3> <p><a href="/facts/Mobile_operating_systems/wysBVca1">Mobile operating systems</a> that run on <a href="/facts/Smartphone/cSIrBMWG">smartphones</a> and <a href="/facts/Tablet_computers/6pGX2I7b">tablets</a> typically use a gesture based lock-screen. Phones manufactured by Neonode were unlocked by swiping to the right on its touchscreen. <a href="/facts/Apple_Inc./oTJYta3k">Apple</a>'s <a href="/facts/IOS/mK5cggH5">iOS</a>, used by the <a href="/facts/IPhone/h5WeKRl9">iPhone</a> and <a href="/facts/IPad/Ql67x0Dw">iPad</a> lines, utilized a similar unlock mechanism until <a href="/facts/IOS_10/0bLu9tyC">iOS 10</a>, with an on-screen <a href="/facts/Slider_(computing)/hqzWLRsV">slider</a> slid to the right. Beginning on iOS 5, sliding in the other direction sends the user directly to the <a href="/facts/Camera/j4uqsfJQ">camera</a> app. On <a href="/facts/IOS_7/LP8uLlwP">iOS 7</a>, the slider widget was removed as part of a larger overhaul of the iOS interface, and users could now swipe from any point on the screen. The lock screen also displays a clock, notifications, and provides audio playback controls.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> iOS 10 made major changes to the lock screen, replacing the sliding gesture with pressing the Home button. Swiping is still used to access the camera, as well as an additional page to the left with <a href="/facts/Software_widget/fQplKMwk">widgets</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> As the <a href="/facts/IPhone_X/XtBft5I5">iPhone X</a> and <a href="/facts/IPad_Pro/thoY4y43">iPad Pro</a> do not have physical home buttons, the user must swipe upwards from the bottom of the screen instead.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> </p><p>At first, <a href="/facts/Android_(operating_system)/nNyHb0xz">Android</a> did not use a gesture-based lock screen, electing to require the user to press the phone's Menu button. On <a href="/facts/Android_Eclair/W1IyE82q">Android 2.0</a>, a new gesture-based lock screen was introduced, displaying two icons: one for unlocking the phone, and one for setting the volume mode, activated by dragging the relevant icon to the center of the screen on a curve (similarly to a <a href="/facts/Rotary_dial/Jrlloo2h">rotary dial</a>). On <a href="/facts/Android_Eclair/W1IyE82q">Android 2.1</a>, the rotary dial was replaced by two tabs on either end of the screen.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> Android 3.0 introduced a new design: a ball with a <a href="/facts/Padlock/P7J2NvNK">padlock</a> icon is dragged to the outside of a circular area.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> On 4.0, the option to unlock straight to the camera is provided, while 4.1 adds the ability to unlock into a Google Search screen by dragging up.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a> Android 4.2 makes additional changes to the lock screen, allowing users to add <a href="/facts/Software_widget/fQplKMwk">widgets</a> to pages accessible on the lock screen by swiping from the left edge of the screen. The camera is accessed in a similar manner by swiping from the right edge of the screen.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> Android also allows devices to be locked using either a password, passcode, a pattern on a grid of 9 circles, <a href="/facts/Fingerprint_sensor/5WLcd20T">fingerprint sensing</a>, or <a href="/facts/Facial_recognition_system/mtVxaDln">facial recognition</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a> </p><p>Android distributions by other manufacturers typically use different lock screen designs than what stock Android utilizes; some versions of <a href="/facts/HTC/RxsVc2ec">HTC</a>'s <a href="/facts/HTC_Sense/3nNWqal1">Sense</a> used a metallic ring dragged from the bottom of the screen to unlock the phone, and also allows users to launch apps by dragging their respective shortcut icon into the ring instead.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a> On <a href="/facts/Samsung/oNXUwDjn">Samsung</a> devices, the lock screen involves dragging in any direction from any location on the screen (<a href="/facts/TouchWiz/ylDJpmQj">TouchWiz Nature</a> devices, such as the <a href="/facts/Samsung_Galaxy_S_III/ckbYPAKk">Galaxy S III</a> and <a href="/facts/Samsung_Galaxy_S4/USmlyPNV">S4</a>, are also accompanied by a visual effect, such as a pond ripple or <a href="/facts/Lens_flare/cRXCP0ao">lens flare</a>); similarly to <a href="/facts/HTC/RxsVc2ec">HTC's</a> lock screen, app shortcuts can be dragged up from the bottom of the screen to unlock directly into them.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a> </p> <h3>PC operating systems</h3> <p><a href="/facts/Windows_NT/EtccWvxQ">Windows NT</a> has offered the ability for users to "lock" their computers by displaying a login window, which requires the active user's password to be entered to re-gain access to the system. Since <a href="/facts/Windows_XP/IozrkAYS">Windows XP</a>, the lock function has also been bound to the <a href="/facts/Keyboard_shortcut/mjeb82kI">keyboard shortcut</a> ⊞ Win+L.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a> On <a href="/facts/Windows_8/eRtw96T3">Windows 8</a>, the lock screen was re-designed to closer resemble those used by mobile operating systems; users can choose a distinct <a href="/facts/Computer_wallpaper/sLFxozM5">wallpaper</a> for use on the lock screen, which now also displays a clock, calendar events, and notifications from other apps. The screen can be dragged upwards with a mouse or touchscreen to unlock the device.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Windows_10/be9IHehJ">Windows 10</a> maintains this design, whilst adding the ability to use the <a href="/facts/Cortana_(virtual_assistant)/du1CmE4u">Cortana</a> voice assistant from the lock screen, and support for slide shows, and the "<a href="/facts/Windows_Spotlight/3T3X429a">Windows Spotlight</a>" service to retrieve daily wallpapers and optionally receive advertising and suggestions related to the wallpaper.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a> </p><p>Screen locking functionality is also built into <a href="/facts/Screensaver/13tBFbKh">screensaver</a> systems on some <a href="/facts/Unix-like/YAKrAxzd">Unix-like</a> operating systems, such as <a href="/facts/XScreenSaver/rbqagC7l">XScreenSaver</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a> and <a href="/facts/Gnome-screensaver/ABHYAmwY">gnome-screensaver</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="monetization">Monetization</h2> <p>Particularly on Android, custom lock screen software can be designed to replace the default lock screen with one that displays <a href="/facts/Web_advertising/Ncsv0GRz">advertising</a> or otherwise sponsored content.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26"><sup>26</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27"><sup>27</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Amazon_(company)/YzUTUVE8">Amazon</a>'s Android-based <a href="/facts/Kindle_Fire/tujNAFHo">Kindle Fire</a> tablets display notifications of "special offers" on its lock screen, unless users purchase a more expensive <a href="/facts/Stock_keeping_unit/EF6UD3Qs">SKU</a> of the device which disables this feature.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28"><sup>28</sup></a> In 2016, Amazon began to market discounted smartphones exclusive to <a href="/facts/Amazon_Prime/wnoY4K67">Amazon Prime</a> subscribers that are subsidized by "special offers" and pre-loaded Amazon apps.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29"><sup>29</sup></a> In November 2017, <a href="/facts/Google_Play_Store/j3N4wv6g">Google Play Store</a> prohibited apps from displaying advertisements on the lock screen unless the app is specifically designed to replace the lock screen, citing issues with <a href="/facts/Adware/wbS8pyAQ">adware</a> embedded in unrelated apps.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30"><sup>30</sup></a> The Indian company <a href="/facts/Glance_(company)/koKmACcg">Glance</a> produces a lock screen replacement that displays a content feed on the lock screen, which is monetized via advertising.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31"><sup>31</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="patent-litigation">Patent litigation</h2> <p>Apple holds several patents related to the sliding lock screen used by its <a href="/facts/IOS/mK5cggH5">iOS</a> devices: it was granted <a href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US7657849">U.S. patent 7,657,849</a> in 2010, and <a href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US8046721">U.S. patent 8,046,721</a> in 2011, describing a system that involves continuously dragging an image to a certain point to unlock the device.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32"><sup>32</sup></a> As part of <a href="/facts/Smartphone_wars/s2DbdazN">ongoing</a> <a href="/facts/Patent_war/AUjr2Ap6">patent wars</a> between numerous companies surrounding patents related to mobile devices, Apple asserted these patents in several <a href="/facts/Patent_infringement/7vH9JvMF">patent infringement</a> lawsuits outside the United States with competing vendors.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33"><sup>33</sup></a> </p><p>Apple's lawsuits with <a href="/facts/Samsung/oNXUwDjn">Samsung</a> in the Netherlands and <a href="/facts/HTC/RxsVc2ec">HTC</a> in the United Kingdom both led to failure: both courts ruled the patents to be invalid, citing the similar lock screen on the N1, a mobile phone manufactured by the Swedish company Neonode, as <a href="/facts/Prior_art/AEPs7QFA">prior art</a> for Apple's design. The British court specifically ruled that Apple's lock screen<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:34" href="#fn:34"><sup>34</sup></a> was an "obvious improvement" over that of the Neonode N1 due to its additional <a href="/facts/Visual_feedback/l80eYtb2">visual feedback</a> through an on-screen slider graphic (unlike the N1, which only displayed a written instruction explaining the gesture).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:35" href="#fn:35"><sup>35</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:36" href="#fn:36"><sup>36</sup></a> Early work on touchscreen technology from the <a href="/facts/University_of_Maryland_Human_%E2%80%93_Computer_Interaction_Lab/jE3xyK1D">University of Maryland Human – Computer Interaction Lab</a> was also cited as prior art,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:37" href="#fn:37"><sup>37</sup></a> in particular a 1991 touchscreen slider developed by <a href="/facts/Catherine_Plaisant/rpSUGG8j">Catherine Plaisant</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:38" href="#fn:38"><sup>38</sup></a> </p><p>In January 2012, Apple won a permanent <a href="/facts/Injunction/jQPYPJ6M">injunction</a> from a German court after it ruled that <a href="/facts/Motorola_Mobility/GV0sqA5h">Motorola Mobility</a> violated the patents on some of its recent devices (although the <a href="/facts/Motorola_Xoom/D6R8yoUR">Motorola Xoom</a> tablet was ruled not to have infringed on the patent). However, Apple was warned that they would have been required to put up a <a href="/facts/Bond_(finance)/qlmpLj0k">bond</a> as insurance if they were to allow the injunction to take effect, and any potential sales ban as a result would be limited to Germany.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:39" href="#fn:39"><sup>39</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:40" href="#fn:40"><sup>40</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> Wikimedia Commons has media related to lock screens. <ul><li><a href="/facts/Screensaver/13tBFbKh">Screensaver</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Touchscreen/zpSKDFpe">Touch screen</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Mobile_security/6AhXW68J">Mobile security</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Harbach, Marian; De Luca, Alexander; Egelman, Serge (7 May 2016). "The Anatomy of Smartphone Unlocking: A Field Study of Android Lock Screens". Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM. pp. 4806–4817. doi:10.1145/2858036.2858267. ISBN 978-1-4503-3362-7. <a href="978-1-4503-3362-7" target="_blank">978-1-4503-3362-7</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Cipriani, Jason. "First responders can help you even when your phone is locked". CNET. Retrieved 3 January 2020. <a href="https://www.cnet.com/how-to/first-responders-can-help-you-even-when-your-phone-is-locked/" target="_blank">https://www.cnet.com/how-to/first-responders-can-help-you-even-when-your-phone-is-locked/</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>T, Florin (9 March 2015). "How to add owner info on your Android lock screen (helpful in case you lose your device)". Phone Arena. Retrieved 3 January 2020. <a href="https://www.phonearena.com/news/How-to-add-owner-info-on-your-Android-lock-screen-helpful-in-case-you-lose-your-device_id66968" target="_blank">https://www.phonearena.com/news/How-to-add-owner-info-on-your-Android-lock-screen-helpful-in-case-you-lose-your-device_id66968</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>"Lock screen customization is dead". Android Central. 18 June 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2020. <a href="https://www.androidcentral.com/lock-screen-customization-dead" target="_blank">https://www.androidcentral.com/lock-screen-customization-dead</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>"The 5 best features in Apple's iOS 5". PC World. 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Retrieved 13 February 2013. <a href="http://support.microsoft.com/kb/294317" target="_blank">http://support.microsoft.com/kb/294317</a> <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:21"><p>"Windows 8 Feature Focus: Lock Screen". SuperSite for Windows. Retrieved 14 February 2013. <a href="http://winsupersite.com/article/windows8/windows-8-feature-focus-lock-screen-144656" target="_blank">http://winsupersite.com/article/windows8/windows-8-feature-focus-lock-screen-144656</a> <a href="#fnref:21" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:22"><p>"How to Use and Tweak Your Windows 10 Lock Screen". PCMAG. Retrieved 13 November 2018. <a href="https://www.pcmag.com/article/348390/how-to-use-and-tweak-your-windows-10-lock-screen" target="_blank">https://www.pcmag.com/article/348390/how-to-use-and-tweak-your-windows-10-lock-screen</a> <a href="#fnref:22" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:23"><p>"Microsoft wants to put ads on the Windows 10 lock screen". The Verge. Retrieved 13 November 2018. <a href="https://www.theverge.com/2015/4/29/8514345/windows-spotlight-lock-screen-with-ads" target="_blank">https://www.theverge.com/2015/4/29/8514345/windows-spotlight-lock-screen-with-ads</a> <a href="#fnref:23" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:24"><p>Zawinski, Jamie. "XScreenSaver FAQ". Retrieved 13 February 2013. <a href="https://www.jwz.org/xscreensaver/faq.html" target="_blank">https://www.jwz.org/xscreensaver/faq.html</a> <a href="#fnref:24" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:25"><p>"GNOME screen lock ineffective in openSUSE Linux – Update". 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