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Getchellite
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<h2 id="thermal-properties">Thermal properties</h2> <p>Getchellite turns darker red when heated, becoming black by the time it reaches its melting point. Close to this temperature it sublimes (changes directly from a solid to a vapor) and recrystallizes on cooler surfaces as minute acicular black crystals.<a href="/facts/Melting_point/MY0w0h0k">Melting point</a>: 340 °C to 355 °C. <a href="/facts/Boiling_point/E2BK9QoS">Boiling point</a>: near 470 °C.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="structure">Structure</h2> <p>Each of the <a href="/facts/Semimetal/ELtXVlI5">semimetal</a> atoms, arsenic and antimony, is bonded to three <a href="/facts/Sulfur/IK0amTfM">sulfur</a> atoms to form a trigonal pyramid characteristic of elements in group V of the <a href="/facts/Periodic_table/umdGIfUb">periodic table</a>. These (As,Sb)S3 pyramids form 8-membered (As,Sb)8S8 rings which in turn combine to form sheets parallel to (001), with each sulfur atom bonded to two semimetal atoms.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a> The occupancy of the metal sites is disordered, and within the sheets the 8-membered rings are orientated normal to the plane of the sheet. The sheet structure is responsible for the <a href="/facts/Cleavage_(crystal)/p4YHe01X">cleavage</a> and twin planes of getchellite<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> Unit cell a = 11.949 Å; b = 9.028 Å; c = 10.130 Å; β= 116.15°; V = 980.9 Å3; Z = 8.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> Space group P21/a.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="powder-diffraction">Powder diffraction</h2> <table><tbody><tr><th>X-Ray Powder Diffraction:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a></th></tr><tr><td>d spacing</td><td>2.89</td><td>4.44</td><td>3.63</td><td>2.54</td><td>2.33</td></tr><tr><td>relative intensity</td><td>10</td><td>8</td><td>7</td><td>6</td><td>6</td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="discovery">Discovery</h2> <p>In August 1962 Weissberg visited the Getchell mine at Adam Peak, about 32 km northeast of <a href="/facts/Golconda,_Nevada/BtcJRAhM">Golconda</a>, in <a href="/facts/Humboldt_County,_Nevada/RUr5qIt8">Humboldt County, Nevada</a>, US. The purpose of his visit was to collect samples for a study of the relationship between various fairly common sulfides, not to look for new minerals. Getchellite was in some of the samples, but it was not discovered until the rocks were re-examined, a year later. The new mineral was named after the <a href="/facts/Getchell_Mine/XemkJIKG">Getchell Mine</a>, which in turn became the <a href="/facts/Type_locality_(geology)/ky6QjASt">type locality</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> Samples from the mine are preserved as type material (a reference material for the mineral), at the <a href="/facts/Smithsonian/pqC74ta9">Smithsonian</a> National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., US.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="environment">Environment</h2> <p>At the type locality getchellite is found in an <a href="/facts/Epithermal/hqwwksSm">epithermal</a> (formed at low temperature) arsenical gold deposit in a narrow, steeply dipping <a href="/facts/Fault_zone/0Fw2ladx">fault zone</a> cutting across interbedded <a href="/facts/Shale/bsIhqY5F">shales</a>, <a href="/facts/Argillite/xG8FWJAH">argillites</a> (lithified muds and oozes) and <a href="/facts/Limestones/8ntvtFnR">limestones</a>, near an intrusion of <a href="/facts/Granodiorite/TvEpqCVG">granodiorite</a>.Associated minerals are <a href="/facts/Orpiment/RKzNkAYl">orpiment</a>, <a href="/facts/Realgar/k0YS1f6G">realgar</a>, <a href="/facts/Stibnite/f1wo26vQ">stibnite</a>, <a href="/facts/Cinnabar/MUzsHjFw">cinnabar</a> and <a href="/facts/Quartz/4n86tE2G">quartz</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> as well as <a href="/facts/Galkhaite/weV2F63a">galkhaite</a>, laffittite, chabournéite, christite, <a href="/facts/Lorandite/jo2Y5srW">lorandite</a>, <a href="/facts/Marcasite/vP4CW3QC">marcasite</a>, <a href="/facts/Barite/G6frVDl5">barite</a>, <a href="/facts/Fluorite/y2G7C8zk">fluorite</a> and <a href="/facts/Calcite/gKMHYQJo">calcite</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="distribution">Distribution</h2> <p>Getchellite is found at the <a href="/facts/Type_locality_(geology)/ky6QjASt">type locality</a> in <a href="/facts/Nevada/HNWhCrQv">Nevada</a>, <a href="/facts/United_States/P0sCdLe5">United States</a>, and also in <a href="/facts/Azerbaijan/Ho5joRTJ">Azerbaijan</a>, <a href="/facts/China/lTjIXY5p">China</a>, <a href="/facts/Iran/24yukge8">Iran</a>, <a href="/facts/Japan/U5mz0SRT">Japan</a>, <a href="/facts/Kyrgyzstan/MSNdCp8u">Kyrgyzstan</a> and <a href="/facts/Russia/jfkCwyxn">Russia</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="synthesis">Synthesis</h2> <p>Getchellite has been synthesized from As3SbS6 glass in sodium sulfide solutions at 2600 C. and 1,000 bars pressure.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> </p> Wikimedia Commons has media related to Getchellite. <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Weissberg, B G, American Mineralogist (1965) Volume 50 pages 1817 to 1826 <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Kyono, Atsushi; Kimata, Mitsuyoshi (2004). "Structural reinvestigation of getchellite As0.98Sb1.02S3.00". American Mineralogist. 89 (5–6): 696–700. Bibcode:2004AmMin..89..696K. doi:10.2138/am-2004-5-603. S2CID 101745540. <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/290233027" target="_blank">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/290233027</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Guillermo, T.R.; Wuensch, B.J. (November 1973). "The crystal structure of getchellite, AsSbS3". Acta Crystallographica. B29 (11): 2536–2541. doi:10.1107/S0567740873006965. <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1107/S0567740873006965" target="_blank">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1107/S0567740873006965</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Kyono, Atsushi; Kimata, Mitsuyoshi (2004). "Structural reinvestigation of getchellite As0.98Sb1.02S3.00". American Mineralogist. 89 (5–6): 696–700. Bibcode:2004AmMin..89..696K. doi:10.2138/am-2004-5-603. S2CID 101745540. <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/290233027" target="_blank">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/290233027</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Gaines et Al (1997) Dana's New Mineralogy Eighth Edition, Wiley <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Weissberg, B G, American Mineralogist (1965) Volume 50 pages 1817 to 1826 <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Weissberg, B G, American Mineralogist (1965) Volume 50 pages 1817 to 1826 <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>"Mineral Sciences Collections Search". <a href="http://collections.nmnh.si.edu/emuwebmsweb/pages/nmnh/ms/ResultsList.php" target="_blank">http://collections.nmnh.si.edu/emuwebmsweb/pages/nmnh/ms/ResultsList.php</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Weissberg, B G, American Mineralogist (1965) Volume 50 pages 1817 to 1826 <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/getchellite.pdf Handbook of Mineralogy <a href="http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/getchellite.pdf" target="_blank">http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/getchellite.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>http://www.mindat.org/min-1686.html Mindat.org <a href="http://www.mindat.org/min-1686.html" target="_blank">http://www.mindat.org/min-1686.html</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Weissberg, B G, American Mineralogist (1965) Volume 50 pages 1817 to 1826 <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>