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Chronidae
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<h2 id="distribution">Distribution</h2> <p>Distribution of Chronidae include eastern-<a href="/facts/Palearctic/DqwBQMyP">Palearctic</a>, Ethiopian, Madagascar, <a href="/facts/List_of_non-marine_molluscs_of_India/Vghg2a4M">India</a>, south-eastern Asia, Australian and Polynesian eco-regions.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="genera">Genera</h2> <p>Genera within the family Chronidae include: </p> <ul><li><i>Antinous</i> Robson, 1914</li> <li><i>Atrichoconcha</i> Bartsch, 1942</li> <li><i>Bekkochlamys</i> Habe, 1958</li> <li><i>Ceratochlamys</i> Habe, 1946</li> <li><i>Chronos</i> Robson, 1914 - type * of the family Chronidae</li> <li><i>Danjochlamys</i> Y. Azuma & M. Azuma, 1993</li> <li><i>Exrhysota</i> H. B. Baker, 1941</li> <li><i>Gastrodontella</i> Möllendorff, 1901</li> <li><i>Glyptobensonia</i> Möllendorff, 1894</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Hemiglypta/8Xwaakfx">Hemiglypta</a></i> Möllendorff, 1893</li> <li><i>Hemiglyptopsis</i> Thiele, 1931</li> <li><i>Hemitrichiella</i> Zilch, 1956</li> <li><i>Japanochlamys</i> Habe, 1946</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Kaliella/ys2WCy0e">Kaliella</a></i> W. T. Blanford, 1863</li> <li><i>Lamarckiella</i> Möllendorff, 1898</li> <li><i>Lepidotrichia</i> Bartsch, 1942</li> <li><i>Macroceras</i> C. Semper, 1870</li> <li><i>Nesokaliella</i> Gerlach, 1998 - endemic to the <a href="/facts/Seychelles/Ub9we8XU">Seychelles</a></li> <li><i>Nipponochlamys</i> Habe, 1945</li> <li><i>Otesiopsis</i> Habe, 1946</li> <li><i>Parakaliella</i> Habe, 1946</li> <li><i>Pararyssota</i> Bartsch, 1938</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Platymma/8RcUMJm7">Platymma</a></i> Tomlin, 1938</li> <li><i>Ponapea</i> H. B. Baker, 1941</li> <li><i>Pseudhelicarion</i> Möllendorff, 1894</li> <li><i>Pseudokaliella</i> Godwin-Austen, 1910</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Ryssota/uEMADA6B">Ryssota</a></i> Albers, 1850</li> <li><i>Striokaliella</i> Thiele, 1931</li> <li><i>Takemasaia</i> Azuma & Minato, 1976</li> <li><i>Trichobensonia</i> Möllendorff, 1902</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Trochochlamys/YycfhrKz">Trochochlamys</a></i> Habe, 1946</li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Trukrhysa/plM1BjYv">Trukrhysa</a></i> H. B. Baker, 1941</li> <li><i>Vitrinoidea</i> C. Semper, 1873</li> <li><i>Vitrinopsis</i> C. Semper, 1873</li> <li><i>Yamatochlamys</i> Habe, 1945</li></ul> Synonyms <ul><li><i>Hemitrichia</i> Möllendorff, 1888: synonym of <i>Hemitrichiella</i> Zilch, 1956 (Invalid: Junior homonym of <i>Hemitrichia</i> Rostafinski, 1873 [Myxomycetes]; <i>Hemitrichiella</i> is a replacement name)</li> <li><i>Rhysota</i> Martens, 1860: synonym of <i>Ryssota</i> Albers, 1850 (unjustified emendation of the original name)</li> <li><i>Rhyssota</i> auct.: synonym of <i>Ryssota</i> Albers, 1850 (invalid: unjustified emendation of the original name)</li></ul> <h2 id="cladogram">Cladogram</h2> <p>The following <a href="/facts/Cladogram/fWFYhUFo">cladogram</a> shows the <a href="/facts/Phylogenic/bw4rsovt">phylogenic</a> relationships of this family with the other families within the <a href="/facts/Limacoid_clade/wdnXcfzA">limacoid clade</a>:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> </p> <table><tbody><tr><td><a href="/facts/Limacoid_clade/wdnXcfzA">limacoid clade</a></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td><a href="/facts/Staffordioidea/uFx38a43">Staffordioidea</a></td><td rowspan="2"><p><a href="/facts/Staffordiidae/uFx38a43">Staffordiidae</a></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td><a href="/facts/Dyakioidea/vjUNtEIt">Dyakioidea</a></td><td rowspan="2"><p><a href="/facts/Dyakiidae/vjUNtEIt">Dyakiidae</a></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Gastrodontoidea/51E1JJqI">Gastrodontoidea</a></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><a href="/facts/Pristilomatidae/MMStkCTb">Pristilomatidae</a></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p>Chronidae</p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><a href="/facts/Euconulidae/E8hu3wlj">Euconulidae</a></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><a href="/facts/Trochomorphidae/8dxSfl3M">Trochomorphidae</a></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><a href="/facts/Gastrodontidae/jLvq9zDd">Gastrodontidae</a></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><a href="/facts/Oxychilidae/0peg0PYv">Oxychilidae</a></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td><a href="/facts/Parmacelloidea/GqUUhvE4">Parmacelloidea</a></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><a href="/facts/Trigonochlamydidae/efcQFh2M">Trigonochlamydidae</a></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><a href="/facts/Parmacellidae/6UIgUHRd">Parmacellidae</a></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><a href="/facts/Milacidae/14QKWoN6">Milacidae</a></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td><a href="/facts/Zonitoidea/26FP76rT">Zonitoidea</a></td><td rowspan="2"><p><a href="/facts/Zonitidae/26FP76rT">Zonitidae</a></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Helicarionoidea/JYldlQyt">Helicarionoidea</a></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><a href="/facts/Helicarionidae/EQs4suc5">Helicarionidae</a></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><a href="/facts/Ariophantidae/TVyAXFjT">Ariophantidae</a></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><a href="/facts/Urocyclidae/qjvmbxUb">Urocyclidae</a></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Limacoidea/9sYtFrW4">Limacoidea</a></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><a href="/facts/Vitrinidae/QHusMLjp">Vitrinidae</a></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><a href="/facts/Boettgerillidae/yPm7g46q">Boettgerillidae</a></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><a href="/facts/Limacidae/0vN3QI7A">Limacidae</a></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><a href="/facts/Agriolimacidae/SyF7gWA8">Agriolimacidae</a></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li>Bouchet P., Rocroi J.P., Hausdorf B., Kaim A., Kano Y., Nützel A., Parkhaev P., Schrödl M. & Strong E.E. (2017). Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia. 61(1-2): 1-526.</li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <ul><li><a href="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25214372">Pfeffer, G. (1878). Beiträge zur Naturgeschichte der Schnecken. I. Die Naniniden. Jahrbücher der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft. 5: 251-276</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Chronidae Thiele, 1931. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=994726 on 2021-02-22 <a href="http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=994726" target="_blank">http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=994726</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Hausdorf B. (2000). "Biogeography of the Limacoidea sensu lato (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora): Vicariance Events and Long-Distance Dispersal". Journal of Biogeography 27(2): 379-390. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00403.x, JSTOR. <a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Biogeography" target="_blank">/wiki/Journal_of_Biogeography</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Hausdorf B. (2000). "Biogeography of the Limacoidea sensu lato (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora): Vicariance Events and Long-Distance Dispersal". Journal of Biogeography 27(2): 379-390. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00403.x, JSTOR. <a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Biogeography" target="_blank">/wiki/Journal_of_Biogeography</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>