Menu
Home
People
Places
Arts
History
Plants & Animals
Science
Life & Culture
Technology
Reference.org
Cotoname language
open-in-new
<h2 id="vocabulary">Vocabulary</h2> <p>The following vocabulary list of Cotoname is from <a href="/facts/John_Swanton/xnbow2I8">John Swanton</a> (1940).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> </p> <table><tbody><tr><th>gloss</th><th>Cotoname</th></tr><tr><td>air</td><td><i>gurám</i></td></tr><tr><td>arm, right</td><td><i>katówan</i></td></tr><tr><td>arrow</td><td><i>ká-u</i></td></tr><tr><td>bad</td><td><i>kĕnáx</i>, <i>sá</i></td></tr><tr><td>bed</td><td><i>kắm</i></td></tr><tr><td>belly</td><td>kóx, kuwéle</td></tr><tr><td>below</td><td>éta</td></tr><tr><td>bird</td><td>komióm</td></tr><tr><td>bison</td><td>wiyá-u</td></tr><tr><td>black</td><td>baí (cf. night)</td></tr><tr><td>blade</td><td>ĕhiá-u</td></tr><tr><td>blanket, American</td><td>häwáss (cf. cold)</td></tr><tr><td>blood</td><td>sä'x</td></tr><tr><td>blow, to</td><td>pó-une</td></tr><tr><td>bow</td><td>kémma</td></tr><tr><td>boy</td><td>kuwósam</td></tr><tr><td>breast (female)</td><td>kĕnám</td></tr><tr><td>breechclout</td><td>xaguátema</td></tr><tr><td>buffalo</td><td>wiyá-u</td></tr><tr><td>cactus-fig</td><td>wámena</td></tr><tr><td>cane</td><td>ká-u</td></tr><tr><td>chair, a</td><td>náxe</td></tr><tr><td>chief</td><td>kapitán</td></tr><tr><td>cloth (a small piece of cloth)</td><td>huáxhe</td></tr><tr><td>cold</td><td>häwéss</td></tr><tr><td>come here!</td><td>sánxe</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Comecrudo_language/AyYSXRgj">Comecrudo</a></td><td>Aranguá, xaíma</td></tr><tr><td>cow</td><td>wiyá-u</td></tr><tr><td>crane</td><td>karakór</td></tr><tr><td>cry, to</td><td>páma</td></tr><tr><td>dance, to</td><td>okáwe</td></tr><tr><td>day</td><td>ō'</td></tr><tr><td>daybreak</td><td>káma</td></tr><tr><td>deer</td><td>kĕmás</td></tr><tr><td>die, to</td><td>wátĕxo</td></tr><tr><td>dog</td><td>kowá-u</td></tr><tr><td>drink, to</td><td>xuáxe</td></tr><tr><td>dust</td><td>pó-una</td></tr><tr><td>earth</td><td>pén</td></tr><tr><td>east</td><td>otá-ume</td></tr><tr><td>eat, to</td><td>haháme</td></tr><tr><td>evening</td><td>ovx</td></tr><tr><td>eye</td><td>arókwan</td></tr><tr><td>face</td><td>makuát</td></tr><tr><td>far</td><td>huánpa</td></tr><tr><td>feathers</td><td>kuwai</td></tr><tr><td>female</td><td>nan</td></tr><tr><td>fire</td><td>mánĕx</td></tr><tr><td>flesh</td><td>kĕmás</td></tr><tr><td>fog</td><td>máyen</td></tr><tr><td>food</td><td>haháme</td></tr><tr><td>foot</td><td>ayésim</td></tr><tr><td>fox</td><td>kissá</td></tr><tr><td>girl</td><td>kuwósam</td></tr><tr><td>go over there!</td><td>awóyo!</td></tr><tr><td>goat</td><td>kápĕra</td></tr><tr><td>good</td><td>kĕnáx</td></tr><tr><td>goose</td><td>krák</td></tr><tr><td>grass</td><td>suá-u</td></tr><tr><td>great</td><td>katám</td></tr><tr><td>gun</td><td>komióp</td></tr><tr><td>guts</td><td>kuwéle</td></tr><tr><td>hair</td><td>makuát</td></tr><tr><td>handkerchief</td><td>huáxhe</td></tr><tr><td>hare</td><td>gamáro</td></tr><tr><td>hat</td><td>garópa</td></tr><tr><td>head</td><td>makuát</td></tr><tr><td>high</td><td>katám</td></tr><tr><td>hog</td><td>esmók</td></tr><tr><td>horn</td><td>yómo</td></tr><tr><td>horse</td><td>kokátere</td></tr><tr><td>Indian, an</td><td>xaíma</td></tr><tr><td>infant</td><td>huwáxe</td></tr><tr><td>iron</td><td>komióp</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Karankawa_language/bqVf9oIo">Karankawa</a></td><td>Aranguá</td></tr><tr><td>kill, to</td><td>wátxuka</td></tr><tr><td>knife</td><td>komiópo</td></tr><tr><td>knife (for cutting leather)</td><td>ĕhiá-u</td></tr><tr><td>land</td><td>pén</td></tr><tr><td>let us go!</td><td>awóyo</td></tr><tr><td>little</td><td>kuwósam</td></tr><tr><td>low (said of water)</td><td>xuắxe</td></tr><tr><td>maize</td><td>tawaló</td></tr><tr><td>maize-husk</td><td>wapxáp</td></tr><tr><td>male quadruped</td><td>yómo</td></tr><tr><td>man</td><td>xuaináxe</td></tr><tr><td>masticate, to</td><td>akwanámie</td></tr><tr><td>meat</td><td>kemás</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Mesquite/vH5mPQ6m">mesquite</a>-bush</td><td>dán</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Metate/h0DkPABe">metate</a></td><td>komoí</td></tr><tr><td>milk</td><td>kĕnám</td></tr><tr><td>mouse</td><td>tsĕmáx</td></tr><tr><td>mud</td><td>pén</td></tr><tr><td>night</td><td>baí</td></tr><tr><td>no</td><td>sá</td></tr><tr><td>north</td><td>hayámta</td></tr><tr><td>nose</td><td>yá-ĕx</td></tr><tr><td>ox (young)</td><td>wiyá-u</td></tr><tr><td>painted (on body, face, etc.)</td><td>tháwĕ</td></tr><tr><td>peccary</td><td>kápio</td></tr><tr><td>Pintos (Indian tribe so called)</td><td>tháwĕ</td></tr><tr><td>pipe</td><td>pá-una</td></tr><tr><td>rabbit</td><td>kiáxhem</td></tr><tr><td>rat</td><td>tsĕmáx</td></tr><tr><td>red</td><td>msá-ĕ</td></tr><tr><td>reed</td><td>ká-u</td></tr><tr><td>rifle</td><td>komióp</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Rio_Grande/utfAg59u">Rio Grande</a> river</td><td>áx̣, katám</td></tr><tr><td>river</td><td>áx̣, katám</td></tr><tr><td>run, to</td><td>mtára</td></tr><tr><td>salt</td><td>dá-än</td></tr><tr><td>scratch, to</td><td>átsiu</td></tr><tr><td>seat, a</td><td>náxe</td></tr><tr><td>sheep</td><td>séwuya</td></tr><tr><td>sing, to</td><td>koyáma</td></tr><tr><td>sit, to</td><td>páwe</td></tr><tr><td>sit down!</td><td>páwe</td></tr><tr><td>sleep, to</td><td>mátsĕkuka</td></tr><tr><td>small</td><td>kuwósam</td></tr><tr><td>smoke, to</td><td>pá-una, suá-u</td></tr><tr><td>snake</td><td>kiá-uxa</td></tr><tr><td>sombrero</td><td>garópa</td></tr><tr><td>south</td><td>séta</td></tr><tr><td>stand, to</td><td>páwia</td></tr><tr><td>star</td><td>kápra</td></tr><tr><td>stick</td><td>dópax</td></tr><tr><td>suck, to</td><td>huä'xle</td></tr><tr><td>sun</td><td>ō'</td></tr><tr><td>sweet</td><td>yáx</td></tr><tr><td>sweetmeats</td><td>yáx</td></tr><tr><td>tail (of animal)</td><td>ásuxuga</td></tr><tr><td>Tampacuás Indian</td><td>xaíma</td></tr><tr><td>tobacco</td><td>suá-u</td></tr><tr><td>tortilla</td><td>kamaplaí</td></tr><tr><td>tortoise</td><td>gapáx</td></tr><tr><td>tree</td><td>dópax</td></tr><tr><td>tuna</td><td>wámĕna</td></tr><tr><td>up the country</td><td>wéfta</td></tr><tr><td>velduque</td><td>ĕhiá-u</td></tr><tr><td>west</td><td>wéfta</td></tr><tr><td>what do you want?</td><td>titcháx mén?</td></tr><tr><td>water</td><td>áx̣</td></tr><tr><td>weep, to</td><td>xákue</td></tr><tr><td>west</td><td>wéfta</td></tr><tr><td>white</td><td>mesó-i</td></tr><tr><td>wind</td><td>gurám</td></tr><tr><td>wings</td><td>miápa</td></tr><tr><td>within</td><td>kuwéle</td></tr><tr><td>wolf</td><td>kombóx</td></tr><tr><td>woman</td><td>katám</td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Indigenous_languages_of_the_Americas/phwWNwhJ">Indigenous languages of the Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Comecrudan_languages/gWMXDBVt">Comecrudan languages</a></li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <a href="/facts/Wiktionary/CkYghv2h">Wiktionary</a> has a word list at <i>Appendix:Cotoname word list</i> <ul><li><a href="http://www.indianersprachen.de">Native American languages (in German)</a></li> <li><a href="http://home.snafu.de/duerr/NAM.html">North and Central-American language families</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Or Cotonamu.[1] <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Haukur Þorgeirsson and Alaric Hall, 'The Cotoname Language – The Primary Sources', Zenodo (2024), doi:10.5281/zenodo.13368224. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Swanton, John. 1940. Linguistic material from the tribes of southern Texas and northern Mexico. <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>