Coffee substitute

<h2 id="ingredients">Ingredients</h2>
Grain coffee and other substitutes can be made by <a href="/facts/Roasting/2WoUX3sA">roasting</a> or <a href="/facts/Decoction/zphoyo1I">decocting</a> various organic substances.
Some ingredients used include <a href="/facts/Almond/oArfgmdq">almond</a>, <a href="/facts/Acorn/zvf2emQr">acorn</a>, <a href="/facts/Asparagus/MoI6GaCN">asparagus</a>, <a href="/facts/Malt/Tupt6cGw">malted</a> <a href="/facts/Barley/GH7X2qtG">barley</a>, <a href="/facts/Beech/9LMa0wKB">beechnut</a>, <a href="/facts/Beetroot/RkzMBNlM">beetroot</a>, <a href="/facts/Carrot/8UM7xqzo">carrot</a>, <a href="/facts/Chicory/yNPqofmI">chicory</a> root, <a href="/facts/Maize/lJ6c5xMH">corn</a>, <a href="/facts/Soybeans/reNwxvo2">soybeans</a>, <a href="/facts/Cotton/efXRcjbn">cottonseed</a>, <a href="/facts/Dandelion/VlPP0mTn">dandelion</a> root (see <a href="/facts/Dandelion_coffee/kspVntzW">dandelion coffee</a>), <a href="/facts/Ficus/70M2tmEB">fig</a>, roasted <a href="/facts/Chickpea/gRKRpqWp">garbanzo beans</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5">5</a> <a href="/facts/Lupinus/Yln4bpqe">lupinus</a>, boiled-down <a href="/facts/Molasses/N8kE2HfI">molasses</a>, <a href="/facts/Okra/2cI06uLm">okra</a> seed, <a href="/facts/Pea/hlndxpId">pea</a>, <a href="/facts/Persimmon/KLD0gUXS">persimmon</a> seed, <a href="/facts/Potato/F8jRVExs">potato</a> peel,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6">6</a> <a href="/facts/Rye/LwdwSNcp">rye</a>, <a href="/facts/Sassafras/u3SbW7GG">sassafras</a> pits, <a href="/facts/Sweet_potato/CFN3IMdj">sweet potato</a>, <a href="/facts/Wheat_bran/elUvkcd2">wheat bran</a>.

<h2 id="history">History</h2>
The <a href="/facts/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States/lr8Qmd6N">Native American</a> people of what is now the <a href="/facts/Southeastern_United_States/jlyYnNvo">Southeastern United States</a> brewed a ceremonial drink containing caffeine, "asi", or the "<a href="/facts/Black_drink/EPnp6XS9">black drink</a>", from the roasted leaves and stems of <a href="/facts/Ilex_vomitoria/EPS1kcVM">Ilex vomitoria</a> (Yaupon holly).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7">7</a> European colonists adopted this beverage as a coffee-substitute, which they called "cassina".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8">8</a>
A coffee substitute from ground, roasted chickpeas was mentioned by a German writer in 1793.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9">9</a>
<a href="/facts/Dandelion_coffee/kspVntzW">Dandelion coffee</a> is attested as early as the 1830s in North America.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10">10</a>
The drink brewed from ground, roasted <a href="/facts/Chicory/yNPqofmI">chicory</a> root has no caffeine, but is dark and tastes much like coffee. It was used as a medicinal tea before coffee was introduced to Europe. Use of chicory as a coffee substitute became widespread in France early in the 19th century due to coffee shortages resulting from the <a href="/facts/Continental_Blockade/a47RkBLy">Continental Blockade</a>. It was used during the <a href="/facts/American_Civil_War/A9FT3ksD">American Civil War</a> in Louisiana, and remains popular in New Orleans.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11">11</a> Chicory mixed with coffee is also popular in South India, and is known as <a href="/facts/Indian_filter_coffee/6qocF1gH">Indian filter coffee</a>.
<a href="/facts/Postum/HgdzutUW">Postum</a> is an instant type of coffee substitute made from roasted <a href="/facts/Wheat_bran/elUvkcd2">wheat bran</a>, <a href="/facts/Wheat/lrk6HdV3">wheat</a> and <a href="/facts/Molasses/N8kE2HfI">molasses</a>. It reached its height of popularity in the United States during <a href="/facts/World_War_II/2efV5L1U">World War II</a> when coffee was sharply <a href="/facts/Rationing/QeR6Ynwo">rationed</a>.

<h2 id="examples">Examples</h2>

<ul><li><a href="/facts/Roasted_grain_drink/CSVXTQd7">Roasted grain drinks</a> are prepared from various <a href="/facts/Cereal/ao2WcFdM">cereals</a>:
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Barleycup/4c6mxa3K">Barleycup</a> is a brand of instant drink made from barley, rye, and chicory and sold in the UK.</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Barley_tea/lfT5kec7">Barley tea</a> is an <a href="/facts/Infusion/f5ECb9ry">infusion</a> popular across <a href="/facts/East_Asia/D8yGVCQX">East Asia</a> and sometimes sold as a coffee substitute.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12">12</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Caff%25C3%25A8_d%2527orzo/M6vyjJV6">Caffè d'orzo</a> is an <a href="/facts/Espresso/VnblcSUB">espresso</a>-style preparation of roasted barley made in Italy.</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Nestl%25C3%25A9/1GgldXdF">Nestlé</a> <a href="/facts/Caro_(beverage)/sbmWmrTI">Caro</a> is another brand of instant drink made of roasted barley, malted barley, chicory, and rye.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13">13</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Inka_(beverage)/AwyEfXJx">Inka</a> is a Polish drink made of rye, barley, chicory and sugar beet.</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Postum/HgdzutUW">Postum</a> is an instant wheat bran and molasses drink invented by <a href="/facts/C._W._Post/bp5ecKCd">C. W. Post</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14">14</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Infusion/f5ECb9ry">Infusions</a> or <a href="/facts/Tisanes/qdGBR9sY">tisanes</a> of other plant material can resemble coffee.
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Dandelion_coffee/kspVntzW">Dandelion coffee</a> is a tisane of dandelion roots.</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Qishr/zpp4pp29">Qishr</a> is drink of coffee husks and spices from <a href="/facts/Yemen/eDyoh4qV">Yemen</a>.</li></ul></li>
<li>Coffee substitutes can be added to true coffee as an <a href="/facts/Adulterant/fM78Wcvc">adulterant</a>.
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Camp_Coffee/wf6QhqBd">Camp Coffee</a> is a mix of chicory and coffee from the UK, sold since 1876.</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Ricor%25C3%25A9/Q5aNTnRC">Ricoré</a> is a mix of chicory and coffee from France created in 1953, now produced by Nestlé.</li></ul></li></ul>
<h3>Synthetic coffee</h3>
In 2021, media outlets reported that the world's first synthetic coffee products have been created by two biotechnology companies, still awaiting regulatory approvals for near-term commercialization.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15">15</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16">16</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17">17</a> Such products, which can be produced via <a href="/facts/Cellular_agriculture/MXHW6lUG">cellular agriculture</a> in <a href="/facts/Bioreactor/hkUGIbCy">bioreactors</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18">18</a> and for which multiple <a href="/facts/Research_and_development/2h5UddUu">companies' R&D</a> have acquired substantial funding, may have equal or similar effects, composition and taste as natural products but use less water, generate less carbon emissions, require less labour[additional citation(s) needed] and cause <a href="/facts/Coffee/Q4Ko2C7I">no deforestation</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19">19</a> Products that are comparable to naturally grown coffee on the chemical molecular level would not be "coffee substitutes" but differ only in their method of production; hence they would be "lab-grown coffee".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20">20</a>
Earlier, in 2019, molecular coffee, made from undisclosed plant-based materials and caffeine, was demonstrated after being developed by an American company, Atomo. However, it is unclear how similar the composition is to coffee on a molecular level or in terms of its effects.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21">21</a> It was put on a short temporary sale in 2021.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22">22</a>

<h2 id="preparation">Preparation</h2>
Coffee substitutes may be powder, which dissolves in hot water; grounds, which are brewed like coffee; or grains, left whole to be boiled and steeped like tea.

<h2 id="see-also">See also</h2>
<ul>
<li>Drink portal</li></ul>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Coffee_brewing/6azR0oKn">Coffee brewing</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Coffee_flavoring/6azR0oKn">Coffee flavoring</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Coffee_spice/6azR0oKn">Coffee spice</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/East_German_coffee_crisis/9attJbnN">East German coffee crisis</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Nechezol/DFPtUYhq">Nechezol</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Ersatz_good/Yv7zrLLY">Ersatz good</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Herbal_tea/qdGBR9sY">Herbal tea</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/List_of_hot_beverages/yymXYnuo">List of hot beverages</a></li></ul>

<h2 id="further-reading">Further reading</h2>
<ul><li>Ciupka, Paul (1956). Ciupka, Friedel; Sachsse, Manfred (eds.). <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JOoqAQAAIAAJ">Kaffee, Kaffee-Ersatz und Kaffee-Zusatz</a> [Coffee, coffee substitute and coffee additive] (in German). Vol. 4 (3 ed.). O. Meissner. Retrieved 2024-01-18.</li>
<li>Heistinger, Andrea (2020). <a href="https://www.rifugioaverau.it/de/grosser-krieg/war-kaffee/">"War coffee - Kaffee und Ersatzprodukte"</a> [War coffee - Coffee and surrogate products] (in German). Translated by Desole, Barbara. Rifugio Averau, Italy: Autonome Provinz Bozen Südtirol, Abteilung 22 für Land-, forst- und hauswirtschaftliche Berufsbildung. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240118212600/https://www.rifugioaverau.it/de/grosser-krieg/war-kaffee/">Archived</a> from the original on 2024-01-18. Retrieved 2024-01-18.</li>
<li>Marquart, Sara F.; Liebold, Mario Felix (2021-03-21). Schmidt, Max [in German] (ed.). <a href="https://www.ardmediathek.de/video/freizeit/welchen-kaffee-trinken-wir-in-zukunft/br-fernsehen/Y3JpZDovL2JyLmRlL3ZpZGVvL2JmMGZiMTY1LTIxMjYtNDc5Ni1hNjc0LTVhZjFkYjYyOTUyNA">"Schmidt Max und der Kaffee der Zukunft"</a> [Schmidt Max and the coffee of the future]. Freizeit (Video feature) (in German). <a href="/facts/BR_Fernsehen/q9QVV7vt">BR Fernsehen</a>. Retrieved 2023-01-07. [28:30]</li></ul>

<h2 id="references">References</h2>

<ol>
<li id="fn:1">"Substitutes for Coffee". The University of Texas at Tyler. Archived from the original on 2015-12-28. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151228090436/http://www.uttyler.edu/vbetts/coffee.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20151228090436/http://www.uttyler.edu/vbetts/coffee.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:2">Pickett, George Edward (1913). The Heart of a Soldier as Revealed in the Intimate Letters of Genl. George E. Pickett. New York: S. Moyle. ISBN 9780331365740. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help) <a href="9780331365740" target="_blank">9780331365740</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:3">"Coffee is still a no-go for Mormons even if you call it caffe or mochaccino". Los Angeles Times. Associated Press. August 18, 2019. Retrieved January 19, 2021. <a href="https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2019-08-18/java-is-still-a-no-go-for-mormons-even-if-you-call-it-caffe-or-mochaccino" target="_blank">https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2019-08-18/java-is-still-a-no-go-for-mormons-even-if-you-call-it-caffe-or-mochaccino</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:4">"Should Members Of The Church Of Latter-Day Saints Drink Coffee? - The Golden Lamb". 2023-12-31. Retrieved 2023-12-31. <a href="https://thegoldenlamb.com/coffee-questions/latter-day-saints-drink-coffee/" target="_blank">https://thegoldenlamb.com/coffee-questions/latter-day-saints-drink-coffee/</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:5">"Introduction: Chickpeas". International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas. Archived from the original on 18 July 2012. Retrieved 28 August 2008. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120718064651/http://www.icarda.cgiar.org/Publications/Cook/Chickpea/Chickpea.html" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20120718064651/http://www.icarda.cgiar.org/Publications/Cook/Chickpea/Chickpea.html</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:6">Potato Coffee Archived 2007-09-28 at the Wayback Machine <a href="http://www.weathernotebook.org/transcripts/2002/01/15.html" target="_blank">http://www.weathernotebook.org/transcripts/2002/01/15.html</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:7">Crown, Patricia L.; Emerson, Thomas E.; Gu, Jiyan; Hurst, W. Jeffrey; Pauketat, Timothy R.; Ward, Timothy (2012-08-28). "Ritual Black Drink consumption at Cahokia". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 109 (35): 13944–13949. doi:10.1073/pnas.1208404109. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 3435207. PMID 22869743. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3435207" target="_blank">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3435207</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:8">The Tea & Coffee Trade Journal. Tea and Coffee Trade Journal Company. July 1922. p. 53. <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=re441wSUkaEC&pg=RA2-PA53" target="_blank">https://books.google.com/books?id=re441wSUkaEC&pg=RA2-PA53</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:9">"Introduction: Chickpeas". International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas. Archived from the original on 18 July 2012. Retrieved 28 August 2008. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120718064651/http://www.icarda.cgiar.org/Publications/Cook/Chickpea/Chickpea.html" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20120718064651/http://www.icarda.cgiar.org/Publications/Cook/Chickpea/Chickpea.html</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:10">Moodie, Susanna (2007-12-04). Roughing it in the bush. McClelland and Stewart. p. 385. ISBN 9780771034923. Retrieved 7 July 2011. <a href="9780771034923" target="_blank">9780771034923</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:11">Smith, Anabelle K. (March 5, 2014). "The History of the Chicory Coffee Mix That New Orleans Made Its Own". The Smithsonian Magazine – via Smithsonian.com. <a href="https://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/chicory-coffee-mix-new-orleans-made-own-comes-180949950/" target="_blank">https://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/chicory-coffee-mix-new-orleans-made-own-comes-180949950/</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:12">Maier, H. G. (1987). "Coffee Substitutes Made from Cereals". In Clarke, R.J.; Macrae, R. (eds.). Coffee: Related Beverages. Springer. pp. 5–8. ISBN 978-1-85166-103-9. <a href="978-1-85166-103-9" target="_blank">978-1-85166-103-9</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:13">"Caro Malzkaffee". Archived from the original on 2006-11-05. Retrieved 2006-11-05. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061105200630/http://www.nestle.de/Home/MarkenProdukte/UnsereProdukte/KaffeeundKakaogetraenke/CARO/Produkte.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20061105200630/http://www.nestle.de/Home/MarkenProdukte/UnsereProdukte/KaffeeundKakaogetraenke/CARO/Produkte.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:14">Pendergrast, Mark (2010) [2001]. Uncommon Grounds: The History of Coffee and How It Transformed Our World (Rev. ed.). New York City: Basic Books. p. 93. ISBN 9780465018369. OCLC 609871227. <a href="9780465018369" target="_blank">9780465018369</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:15">Lavars, Nick (20 September 2021). "Lab-grown coffee cuts out the beans and deforestation". New Atlas. Retrieved 18 October 2021. <a href="https://newatlas.com/science/lab-grown-coffee-beans-deforestation/" target="_blank">https://newatlas.com/science/lab-grown-coffee-beans-deforestation/</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:16">"Eco-friendly, lab-grown coffee is on the way, but it comes with a catch". The Guardian. 16 October 2021. Retrieved 26 October 2021. <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/oct/16/lab-grown-coffee-eco-friendly" target="_blank">https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/oct/16/lab-grown-coffee-eco-friendly</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:17">"Sustainable coffee grown in Finland – | VTT News". vttresearch.com. 15 September 2021. Retrieved 18 October 2021. <a href="https://www.vttresearch.com/en/news-and-ideas/sustainable-coffee-grown-finland-land-drinks-most-coffee-capita-produces-its-first" target="_blank">https://www.vttresearch.com/en/news-and-ideas/sustainable-coffee-grown-finland-land-drinks-most-coffee-capita-produces-its-first</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:18">"Sustainable coffee grown in Finland – | VTT News". vttresearch.com. 15 September 2021. Retrieved 18 October 2021. <a href="https://www.vttresearch.com/en/news-and-ideas/sustainable-coffee-grown-finland-land-drinks-most-coffee-capita-produces-its-first" target="_blank">https://www.vttresearch.com/en/news-and-ideas/sustainable-coffee-grown-finland-land-drinks-most-coffee-capita-produces-its-first</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:19">Lavars, Nick (20 September 2021). "Lab-grown coffee cuts out the beans and deforestation". New Atlas. Retrieved 18 October 2021. <a href="https://newatlas.com/science/lab-grown-coffee-beans-deforestation/" target="_blank">https://newatlas.com/science/lab-grown-coffee-beans-deforestation/</a> <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:20">"Eco-friendly, lab-grown coffee is on the way, but it comes with a catch". The Guardian. 16 October 2021. Retrieved 26 October 2021. <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/oct/16/lab-grown-coffee-eco-friendly" target="_blank">https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/oct/16/lab-grown-coffee-eco-friendly</a> <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:21">This "Molecular Coffee" is Brewed Entirely Without Beans <a href="https://futurism.com/this-molecular-coffee-is-brewed-entirely-without-beans" target="_blank">https://futurism.com/this-molecular-coffee-is-brewed-entirely-without-beans</a> <a href="#fnref:21" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:22">"Eco-friendly, lab-grown coffee is on the way, but it comes with a catch". The Guardian. 16 October 2021. Retrieved 26 October 2021. <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/oct/16/lab-grown-coffee-eco-friendly" target="_blank">https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/oct/16/lab-grown-coffee-eco-friendly</a> <a href="#fnref:22" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
</ol>

Coffee substitute open-in-new

Coffee substitute