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Adobe AIR
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<h2 id="features">Features</h2> <p>Using AIR, developers can access functionality including <a href="/facts/Text_file/zYW4JmES">text</a>, <a href="/facts/Vector_graphics/y8ok7M2P">vector graphics</a>, <a href="/facts/Raster_graphics/HkXNc8oI">raster graphics</a>, <a href="/facts/Digital_video/xsn9omqG">video</a>, <a href="/facts/Digital_audio/PgugcLAI">audio</a>, <a href="/facts/Digital_camera/LSGTserm">camera</a>, and <a href="/facts/Microphone/7YWGlXCl">microphone</a> capability. AIR also includes additional features such as file system integration, native client extensions, <a href="/facts/Desktop_environment/VXBpMWnG">desktop</a> integration and access to connected devices. AIR enables applications to work with data in different ways, including using local files, local <a href="/facts/SQLite/1PwYzIft">SQLite</a> databases (for which AIR has built-in support), a database server, or the encrypted local store included with AIR. </p><p>Developers can access additional functionality by building AIR Native Extensions, which can access full device functionality being programmed in the native language.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> </p> <h3>Desktop features</h3> <p>On desktop platforms, AIR supports: </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Window_manager/WFRnDBz7">Window management</a> – Opening multiple windows, minimizing, maximizing and resizing AIR windows.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Menu_bar/g71cauUM">Menu bar</a> – Adding a native menu bar to AIR windows, with sub menus and custom menu items.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/File_manager/t7CSQ40a">File management</a> – Discovering drives, files and folders on the PC, creating and deleting files, renaming, copying and moving files.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Console_application/Gkr3u58Y">Console applications</a> – Executing native applications with <a href="/facts/Command-line_argument/R9JpGmXQ">command-line arguments</a>, and receiving feedback via standard I/O & error streams.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Multithreading_(computer_architecture)/ojEKsSNP">Multithreading</a> – Managing multiple threads, to execute ActionScript 3 code in the background without freezing the user interface.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Web_browser/2pfyymLs">Web browser</a> – View HTML <a href="/facts/Web_pages/5JK7xQLe">web pages</a> with full CSS and JavaScript support within applications, with the integrated <a href="/facts/WebKit/YrP9vbIj">WebKit</a>-based web browser.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Clipboard_(computing)/CI8zUmP2">Clipboard</a> access – Programmatically copy or paste text, bitmaps or files into the system clipboard.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Drag-and-drop/7Xd8vXfn">Drag-and-drop</a> – Allows users to drag text, bitmaps or files into AIR applications.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a></li></ul> <h3>Mobile features</h3> <p>On mobile platforms, AIR supports many mobile hardware features: </p> <ul><li>3D <a href="/facts/Hardware-accelerated/ej5sM7hB">hardware-accelerated</a> graphics rendering (using <a href="/facts/Stage3D/krmeFddK">Stage3D</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Touch-screen/zpSKDFpe">Touch-screen</a> events (including <a href="/facts/Multi-touch/DP71Xsqj">multi-touch</a> gestures)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a></li> <li>Device camera and microphone access (including <a href="/facts/Video_encoding/gMFuY4FT">video encoding</a> for recorded video)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Accelerometer/xxrXzrlI">Accelerometer</a> and <a href="/facts/Geo-location/fXux5RaJ">geo-location</a> sensor input (<a href="/facts/GPS/DKVLnzF3">GPS</a> or otherwise)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26"><sup>26</sup></a></li> <li>Networking with <a href="/facts/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol/TWtvf7JD">HTTP</a>, <a href="/facts/Transmission_Control_Protocol/WW4sPrt9">TCP</a> and <a href="/facts/User_Datagram_Protocol/dxLU0D6q">UDP</a> protocols</li> <li><i>AIR Gamepad</i> - allows mobile applications to serve as secondary displays and controllers for <a href="/facts/Browser_game/cBtuK3dt">games</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27"><sup>27</sup></a></li></ul> <h3>3D graphics</h3> <p>In 2011, the addition of <a href="/facts/Stage3D/krmeFddK">Stage3D</a> allowed AIR apps access to GPUs for hardware acceleration. Several third-party frameworks have been developed to build upon the functionality of Stage3D, including the <a href="/facts/Starling_Framework/3Rv1A6kK">Starling Framework</a> and <a href="/facts/Away3D/owtKhyoJ">Away3D</a>. These frameworks are also compatible with AIR, and provide vital performance improvements to AIR apps published for mobile devices. </p> <h3>AIR Native Extensions</h3> <p>AIR apps can be augmented in functionality with the usage of AIR Native Extensions (ANEs). Native extensions are plug-in code libraries that contain native code wrapped with an ActionScript API,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28"><sup>28</sup></a> allowing developers to access native features not otherwise usable in AIR, such as Apple Game Center or Google Cloud Messaging. </p><p>Native extensions may be developed by anyone using publicly available tools;<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29"><sup>29</sup></a> some are distributed for free or even as open source, while others are sold commercially.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30"><sup>30</sup></a> </p><p>Native extensions may be programmed in the native language on each platform, allowing access to the full set of platform APIs provided by the developer. (<a href="/facts/C%252B%252B/Et0F2qn9">C++</a> for Windows, <a href="/facts/Java_(programming_language)/9ScgFyAL">Java</a> and <a href="/facts/C%252B%252B/Et0F2qn9">C++</a> for Android, <a href="/facts/Objective-C/5mM557BW">Objective-C</a> for iOS).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31"><sup>31</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="availability">Availability</h2> <p>AIR is a cross-platform technology and AIR applications can be repackaged with few or no changes for many popular desktop and mobile platforms. Different installation options exist for each platform. </p><p>AIR applications may be published with or without the AIR runtime. Applications packaged with the AIR runtime are larger in file size, and are known as "captive runtime" applications.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32"><sup>32</sup></a> If the runtime is not embedded in the app, it must be installed separately. </p><p>In January 2009, Adobe claimed that there were over 100 million installations of Adobe AIR worldwide, and that "the majority of AIR runtime installations occur at the time the first AIR application is installed by a user".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33"><sup>33</sup></a> In May 2014, Adobe claimed that over 100,000 unique applications were built on AIR, and over 1 billion installations of the same were logged from users across the world.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:34" href="#fn:34"><sup>34</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:35" href="#fn:35"><sup>35</sup></a> </p> <h3>Platforms</h3> <p>Adobe AIR, version 32, contains <a href="/facts/Adobe_Flash_Player/IvnaoU7v">Adobe Flash Player</a> 32, and is available for <a href="/facts/Windows_7/tldLdbnX">Windows 7</a> and later, as well as <a href="/facts/MacOS/Y93vVpTm">OS X</a> 10.9 and later.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:36" href="#fn:36"><sup>36</sup></a> Desktop Linux distributions were available until June 2011 with version 2.6, which ended Linux support.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:37" href="#fn:37"><sup>37</sup></a> </p><p>Adobe AIR applications can be published as native phone applications on certain mobile operating systems, such as Android (ARM Cortex-A8 and above<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:38" href="#fn:38"><sup>38</sup></a>) and Apple iOS.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:39" href="#fn:39"><sup>39</sup></a> In May 2017, Adobe stopped releasing AIR for Android, and the app was eventually removed from the Play Store in September 2018, but it can still be downloaded through their website.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:40" href="#fn:40"><sup>40</sup></a> After Adobe's transition of AIR to Harman, they resumed support for Android and the latest version is only available there.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:41" href="#fn:41"><sup>41</sup></a> </p> <table><tbody><tr><th>Platform</th><th>Installer file support</th><th>App store support</th></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Microsoft_Windows/bwhAhuSL">Windows</a></td><td><i><a href="/facts/.air/oV2TPXJP">.air</a></i>, <i><a href="/facts/.exe/xgRXf4rt">.exe</a></i> and <i><a href="/facts/.msi/PGsKkYBr">.msi</a></i><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:42" href="#fn:42"><sup>42</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:43" href="#fn:43"><sup>43</sup></a></td><td>None</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/MacOS/Y93vVpTm">macOS</a></td><td><i><a href="/facts/.air/oV2TPXJP">.air</a></i> and <i><a href="/facts/.dmg/v7r8Uakn">.dmg</a></i><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:44" href="#fn:44"><sup>44</sup></a></td><td><a href="/facts/App_Store_(macOS)/uYr7slD4">App Store</a> (with captive runtime)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:45" href="#fn:45"><sup>45</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Android_(operating_system)/nNyHb0xz">Android</a></td><td><i><a href="/facts/.apk/DMGT8tah">.apk</a></i><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:46" href="#fn:46"><sup>46</sup></a></td><td><a href="/facts/Google_Play/j3N4wv6g">Google Play</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:47" href="#fn:47"><sup>47</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/IOS/mK5cggH5">iOS</a></td><td><i><a href="/facts/.ipa/ayVhTL7o">.ipa</a></i><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:48" href="#fn:48"><sup>48</sup></a></td><td><a href="/facts/App_Store_(iOS)/0yqcGqey">App Store</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:49" href="#fn:49"><sup>49</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/BlackBerry_Tablet_OS/D0pPGaaB">Playbook</a></td><td><i><a href="/facts/BlackBerry_World/S3sJxg5Q">.bar</a></i><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:50" href="#fn:50"><sup>50</sup></a></td><td><a href="/facts/BlackBerry_App_World/S3sJxg5Q">App World</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:51" href="#fn:51"><sup>51</sup></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The following table explains to what extent Adobe AIR can run on various <a href="/facts/Mobile_operating_system/wysBVca1">mobile operating systems</a>: </p> <table><tbody><tr><th>Operating system</th><th>Prerequisites</th><th>Latest Adobe Flash Player</th><th>AIR Framework</th></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Android_(operating_system)/nNyHb0xz">Android</a></td><td>Android 2.3+, <a href="/facts/ARM_Cortex-A8/vM6beXwg">ARM Cortex-A8</a>+<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:52" href="#fn:52"><sup>52</sup></a> or Android x86<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:53" href="#fn:53"><sup>53</sup></a></td><td>AIR 3.6.0.597 (uses Flash Player 11.6)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:54" href="#fn:54"><sup>54</sup></a></td><td>Option 1: The AIR player can be embedded as a 'captive' runtime, which increases APK size but makes the application standalone.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:55" href="#fn:55"><sup>55</sup></a><p>Option 2: The runtime is not included with the app, and must installed as a separate app from the app market.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:56" href="#fn:56"><sup>56</sup></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Apple_Inc./oTJYta3k">Apple</a> <a href="/facts/IOS/mK5cggH5">iOS</a></td><td>iOS 4.3 or later</td><td>AIR 3.6.0.597 (uses Flash Player 11.6)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:57" href="#fn:57"><sup>57</sup></a></td><td>Not applicable: each app includes its own 'captive' runtime.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:58" href="#fn:58"><sup>58</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/BlackBerry_Tablet_OS/D0pPGaaB">BlackBerry Tablet OS</a></td><td>None</td><td>AIR 3.1 (uses Flash Player 11.1)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:59" href="#fn:59"><sup>59</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:60" href="#fn:60"><sup>60</sup></a></td><td>Already pre-installed on each device.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:61" href="#fn:61"><sup>61</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/BlackBerry_10/WCev9y98">BlackBerry 10</a></td><td>Blackberry 10.2 and lower (no longer supported from 10.3)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:62" href="#fn:62"><sup>62</sup></a></td><td>AIR 3.5 (uses Flash Player 11.1)</td><td>Already pre-installed on each device.</td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="application-development">Application development</h2> <p>AIR runs applications within a contained <a href="/facts/Adobe_Flash_Player/IvnaoU7v">Flash Player</a> instance. It runs <a href="/facts/Web_application/BLkF3BIN">web applications</a> via <a href="/facts/WebKit/YrP9vbIj">WebKit</a> <a href="/facts/Web_browser_engine/wLna3ate">rendering engine</a>. Multiple instances of the browser can be started within a single AIR application, but <a href="/facts/JavaScript/XhhIIEsl">JavaScript</a> content executes with some security limitations. </p><p>AIR does not provide direct access to native GUI elements such as navigation bars or controls. Native extensions can be used to access additional native resources. </p> <h3>Development tools</h3> <h4>SDK</h4> <p>The AIR <a href="/facts/Software_development_kit/2Hkk6Hbs">SDK</a> is available as a free standalone download for software developers to make AIR applications.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:63" href="#fn:63"><sup>63</sup></a> SDK users do not need to install any commercial software to use the SDK, although several options are available. AIR apps can be compiled from the command line using the AIR compiler included in the SDK; the compiler can also be called from an IDE to eliminate the need for the command line. </p><p>AIR can also be used with <a href="/facts/Adobe_Flex/WvwRnWt2">Adobe Flex</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:64" href="#fn:64"><sup>64</sup></a> Flex is an integrated collection of stylable <a href="/facts/Graphical_user_interface/wBlQFWDP">graphical user interface</a>, data manipulation and networking components, and applications built upon it are known as "Flex" applications. Flex GUIs are defined in MXML, similar to how <a href="/facts/Android_(operating_system)/nNyHb0xz">Android</a> and <a href="/facts/Microsoft_Visual_Studio/omNe6Lej">Microsoft Visual Studio</a> define GUIs; however, Flex does not give access to native GUI components. </p><p>AIR applications built without the Flex framework allow greater flexibility and performance, and are known as "pure ActionScript" applications.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:65" href="#fn:65"><sup>65</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:66" href="#fn:66"><sup>66</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:67" href="#fn:67"><sup>67</sup></a> Video games built on the AIR platform are typically pure-Actionscript projects. Various open-source component frameworks are available for pure ActionScript projects, such as <i>MadComponents</i>, that provide UI Components at significantly smaller SWF file sizes.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:68" href="#fn:68"><sup>68</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:69" href="#fn:69"><sup>69</sup></a> </p> <h4>Software</h4> <p>Adobe distributes three commercial software products for developing of AIR applications in ActionScript: </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Adobe_Flash_Builder/8lqVJPFx">Adobe Flash Builder</a> (enterprise application development and debugging)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Adobe_Animate/zxVXv0mQ">Adobe Animate</a> (graphics design, animation and scripting toolset)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Adobe_Scout/T66snkY1">Adobe Scout</a> (visual profiler for performance optimization)</li></ul> <p>Third-party development environments that target the AIR runtime are also available, including: </p> <ul><li><a href="https://moonshine-ide.com/">Moonshine IDE</a>, a free IDE built with Apache Flex and Adobe Air. It can be used to create ActionScript 3, Apache Flex, Apache Royale and Feathers projects from Moonshine. It also provides cloud support.</li> <li>FlashDevelop, an open-source Flash ActionScript IDE, which includes a debugger for AIR applications</li> <li><a href="/facts/Powerflasher_FDT/1aA5l6sU">Powerflasher FDT</a>, a commercial ActionScript IDE</li> <li>CodeDrive, an extension to <a href="/facts/Microsoft_Visual_Studio/omNe6Lej">Microsoft Visual Studio</a> <a href="/facts/Microsoft_Visual_Studio/omNe6Lej">2010</a> for ActionScript 3 development and debugging</li> <li><a href="/facts/IntelliJ_IDEA/h689XrQz">IntelliJ IDEA</a>, a commercial IDE supporting ActionScript 3 development and debugging</li> <li><a href="https://as3mxml.com">AS3 & MXML for VSCode</a>, a powerful extension capable to turn the popular Microsoft free editor <a href="/facts/Visual_Studio_Code/YsBDgKlK">Visual Studio Code</a> in a complete AIR IDE</li></ul> <p><a href="/facts/Adobe_Flash_Builder/8lqVJPFx">Adobe Flash Builder</a> is the premium tool for Flex application development, since it includes an integrated <a href="/facts/Drag-and-drop/7Xd8vXfn">drag-and-drop</a> user interface builder, not found in competing tools like FlashDevelop.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:70" href="#fn:70"><sup>70</sup></a> </p> <h3>JavaScript applications</h3> <p>Adobe provides for AIR, HTML5 and JavaScript development with <a href="/facts/Adobe_Dreamweaver/MzP28RQ4">Adobe Dreamweaver</a> CS5, although any other <a href="/facts/HTML_editor/Tf82QUku">HTML editor</a> or text editor can be used.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:71" href="#fn:71"><sup>71</sup></a> </p><p>AIR can run a subset of JavaScript, with no ability to dynamically execute code when running in the application sandbox. According to Adobe, this restriction is designed to prevent malicious remote content from attacking a user's system.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:72" href="#fn:72"><sup>72</sup></a> Because of this restriction, JavaScript frameworks that make use of dynamic JavaScript functions like eval() were not initially compatible with AIR. However, several frameworks including <a href="/facts/Dojo_Toolkit/mCK8Y7B5">Dojo Toolkit</a>, <a href="/facts/JQuery/YIqFG0ww">jQuery</a>, and <a href="/facts/Ext_(JavaScript_library)/tYcGXqNs">ExtJS</a> were updated to run in AIR's application sandbox. Some frameworks like <a href="/facts/MooTools/up4v4rsQ">MooTools</a> were already compatible. </p><p>Dreamweaver CS4/CS3 requires an additional extension to compile AIR applications,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:73" href="#fn:73"><sup>73</sup></a> as does Flash CS3 in the form of an update.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:74" href="#fn:74"><sup>74</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <ul><li><a href="https://www.adobe.com/products/air.html">Official website</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"Adobe AIR: Browser vs. Desktop". Adobe Systems. Retrieved March 15, 2011. <a href="https://www.adobe.com/products/air/comparison/" target="_blank">https://www.adobe.com/products/air/comparison/</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Adobe AIR 3, Adobe <a href="https://www.adobe.com/products/air.html" target="_blank">https://www.adobe.com/products/air.html</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>"Upgrade Pandora Subscription to Plus or Premium". www.pandora.com. <a href="https://www.pandora.com/upgrade" target="_blank">https://www.pandora.com/upgrade</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Top 10 Apps Worth Installing Adobe AIR For, LifeHacker <a href="https://lifehacker.com/396393/top-10-apps-worth-installing-adobe-air-for" target="_blank">https://lifehacker.com/396393/top-10-apps-worth-installing-adobe-air-for</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>10 impressive Adobe AIR apps, CNET <a href="https://www.cnet.com/news/10-impressive-adobe-air-apps/" target="_blank">https://www.cnet.com/news/10-impressive-adobe-air-apps/</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>10 impressive Adobe AIR apps, CNET <a href="https://www.cnet.com/news/10-impressive-adobe-air-apps/" target="_blank">https://www.cnet.com/news/10-impressive-adobe-air-apps/</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Flash Games Showcased at Adobe MAX- Rovio’s Angry Birds & Epic Games, Adobe Digital Media Blog <a href="http://blogs.adobe.com/digitalmedia/2011/10/flash-games-showcased-at-adobe-max-rovios-angry-birds-epic-games/" target="_blank">http://blogs.adobe.com/digitalmedia/2011/10/flash-games-showcased-at-adobe-max-rovios-angry-birds-epic-games/</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Adobe AIR showcase apps for mobile developers, Adobe Developer Connection <a href="https://www.adobe.com/devnet/air/samples-mobile.html" target="_blank">https://www.adobe.com/devnet/air/samples-mobile.html</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>60+ Useful Adobe AIR Applications You Should Know, HongKiat.com <a href="http://www.hongkiat.com/blog/60-useful-adobe-air-applications-you-should-know/" target="_blank">http://www.hongkiat.com/blog/60-useful-adobe-air-applications-you-should-know/</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>AIR app installs cross a billion, Adobe AIR and Adobe Flash Player Team Blog <a href="http://blogs.adobe.com/flashplayer/2014/04/air-app-installs-cross-a-billion.html" target="_blank">http://blogs.adobe.com/flashplayer/2014/04/air-app-installs-cross-a-billion.html</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>1 Billion AIR Installations, Ben Forta <a href="http://forta.com/blog/index.cfm/2014/5/10/1-Billion-AIR-Installations" target="_blank">http://forta.com/blog/index.cfm/2014/5/10/1-Billion-AIR-Installations</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Compass Intelligence Announces Winners of the 2014 Mobility Awards, Compass Intelligence <a href="http://www.compassintelligence.com/?q=press/compass-intelligence-announces-winners-2014-mobility-awards-wireless-m2m-and-green-technology" target="_blank">http://www.compassintelligence.com/?q=press/compass-intelligence-announces-winners-2014-mobility-awards-wireless-m2m-and-green-technology</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Compass Intelligence Announces Winners of the 2015 Mobility Awards, Compass Intelligence <a href="http://www.compassintelligence.com/?q=press/compass-intelligence-announces-winners-2015-mobility-awards-list-m2m-green-technology-and" target="_blank">http://www.compassintelligence.com/?q=press/compass-intelligence-announces-winners-2015-mobility-awards-list-m2m-green-technology-and</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>"The Future of Adobe AIR". Adobe Blog. May 30, 2019. Archived from the original on August 25, 2019. 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