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Building performance
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<h2 id="background">Background</h2> <p>Building performance has been of interest to humans since the very first shelters were built to protect us from the weather, natural enemies and other dangers. Initially design and performance were managed by craftsmen who combined their expertise in both domains. More formal approaches to building performance appeared in the 1970s and 1980s, with seminal works being the book on <i>Building Performance</i><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a> and <i>CIB Report 64</i>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> Further progress on building performance studies took place in parallel with the development of building science as a discipline, and with the introduction of personal computing (especially computer simulation) in the field; for a good overview of the role of simulation in building design see the chapter by Augenbroe.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> A more general overview that also includes physical measurement, expert judgement and stakeholder evaluation is presented in the book <i>Building Performance Analysis</i>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> While energy efficiency, thermal comfort, indoor air quality and (day)lighting are very prominent in the debate on building performance, there is much longer list of building performance aspect that includes things like resistance against burglary, flexibility for change of use, and many others; for an overview see the building performance analysis platform website in the external links below. </p> <h2 id="building-performance-standards">Building performance standards</h2> <p>There are several different building performance standards widely used for designing <a href="/facts/Building_code/CXCHd3IC">building codes</a> and energy-efficiency certifications. For instance, the standards produced by <a href="/facts/ASHRAE/qKcVzqUJ">ASHRAE</a> (American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air Conditioning Engineers) and the <a href="/facts/International_Energy_Conservation_Code/IwYNMJka">IECC</a> (International Energy Conservation Code) have been widely used to inform local building codes and energy-efficiency certification programs,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> such as <a href="/facts/Passive_house/maQ2ymBu">Passive House</a>, <a href="/facts/Energy_Star/t4qaxkLq">Energy Star</a>, and <a href="/facts/LEED/N4v9kGjk">LEED</a>. Building performance standards include specifications on the <a href="/facts/Building_envelope/CMRlLol6">building envelope</a> (which includes the windows, walls, roofs, and foundation), the <a href="/facts/Heating%2c_ventilation%2c_and_air_conditioning/gm1UQdR6">HVAC</a> system, electric lighting, hot water consumption, and home appliances, among others.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Building_energy_simulation/AB0oamoE">Building energy simulation</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Ecological_design/0M4WTJXg">Ecological design</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Energy_audit/SxToeENd">Energy audit</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Environmental_impact_assessment/LWNWaKJC">Environmental impact assessment</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Green_retrofit/J4yH2MPT">Green retrofit</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Sociology_of_architecture/0fBtfJEz">Sociology of architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Sustainable_architecture/P171xya7">Sustainable architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Sustainable_design/szkYtSf2">Sustainable design</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Weatherization/muJmQcop">Weatherization</a></li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <ul><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160420021354/https://www.ashrae.org/resources--publications/periodicals/ashrae-journal/features/measuring-commercial-building-performance">ASHRAE - measuring commercial building performance</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.globalbuildings.org">Global Buildings Performance Network</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.bpi.org">BPI Building Performance Institute</a> - U.S. organization setting home performance technical standards</li> <li><a href="https://building-performance.org/">Building Performance Association </a> - U.S. trade association of home performance contractors and others promoting performance based energy retrofits.</li> <li><a href="https://building-performance.org/bpa-journal/">Building Performance Journal</a> - Home performance articles.</li> <li><a href="https://www.bldg-perf.org">Platform for discussion of theory on building performance</a> - Building Performance Analysis book companion website</li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"Buildings - Sectorial Overview". IEA. Retrieved 17 June 2023. <a href="https://www.iea.org/reports/buildings" target="_blank">https://www.iea.org/reports/buildings</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Markus; et al. (1972). Building Performance. London: Applied Science Publishers LTD. ISBN 085334-542-2. <a href="085334-542-2" target="_blank">085334-542-2</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>CIB Working Commission W60 (1982). CIB Report 64 - Working with the Performance Approach in Building. Rotterdam: International Council for Building Research Studies and Documentation.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) <a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" target="_blank">/wiki/Template:Cite_book</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Augenbroe, Godfried (2011). The role of simulation in performance based building. In: Hensen and Lamberts (eds), Building performance simulation for design and operation. Abingdon, Oxon: Spon Press. pp. 15–36. ISBN 978-0-415-47414-6. <a href="978-0-415-47414-6" target="_blank">978-0-415-47414-6</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>de Wilde, Pieter (2018). Building Performance Analysis. Hoboken / Chichester: Wiley Blackwell. ISBN 9781119341925. <a href="9781119341925" target="_blank">9781119341925</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Amara (2019-06-18). "What is Standard 189.1, and why does it matter?". Consulting - Specifying Engineer. Retrieved 2023-06-17. <a href="https://www.csemag.com/articles/what-is-standard-189-1-and-why-does-it-matter/" target="_blank">https://www.csemag.com/articles/what-is-standard-189-1-and-why-does-it-matter/</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>"Phius 2021 Passive Building Standard Certification Guidebook" (PDF). PHIUS. Retrieved 2023-06-17. <a href="https://www.phius.org/sites/default/files/2022-03/Phius%20Certification%20Guidebook%20v3.02.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.phius.org/sites/default/files/2022-03/Phius%20Certification%20Guidebook%20v3.02.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>"2021 IECC National Model Energy Code (Base Codes)". New Buildings Institute. Retrieved 2023-06-17. <a href="https://newbuildings.org/code_policy/2021-iecc-national-model-energy-code-base-codes/" target="_blank">https://newbuildings.org/code_policy/2021-iecc-national-model-energy-code-base-codes/</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>"DOE Zero Energy Ready Home (ZERH) Program Requirements". Energy.gov. Retrieved 2023-06-17. <a href="https://www.energy.gov/eere/buildings/doe-zero-energy-ready-home-zerh-program-requirements" target="_blank">https://www.energy.gov/eere/buildings/doe-zero-energy-ready-home-zerh-program-requirements</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>