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List of extrasolar planetary collisions
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<h2 id="list-of-individual-events">List of individual events</h2><p> This list contains systems with individual collision events that were directly observed. Alternatively events were inferred from properties of the disk. The list is sorted after the start of the event.</p> <table><tbody><tr><th>Name of star</th><th><a href="/facts/Stellar_classification/dYrIuK9H">spectral type</a></th><th>Approx. age(<a href="/facts/Million_years_ago/DXcnXuAw">Myr</a>)</th><th>Extremedebrisdisk?</th><th>Start of event</th><th>Colliding bodies</th><th>Notes</th><th>Ref.</th></tr><tr><td rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/Beta_Pictoris/QyTtCCHu">Beta Pictoris</a></td><td rowspan="2">A6V</td><td rowspan="2">20</td><td rowspan="2">no</td><td>~150 years ago</td><td>100–500 km body</td><td>So-called "cat's tail" feature in the disk observed in mid-infrared</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>A few years before 2004</td><td></td><td>Decreased mid-infrared flux and disappearance of <a href="/facts/Forsterite/Qg1HDy5q">forsterite</a> emission</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Fomalhaut/eQ4LC29E">Fomalhaut</a></td><td>A3V</td><td>440</td><td>no</td><td>Early 2004</td><td>Two bodies of ≥110 km in size, or a 56 km body impacting a 893 km body</td><td><a href="/facts/Fomalhaut_b/5khum7Mp">Fomalhaut b</a> was once suspected to be a planet, but is now suspected to be the remains of a planetary collision</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>P1121</td><td>F9V</td><td>80</td><td>yes<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a></td><td>Before 2012</td><td>Two bodies with sizes of ≥100 km</td><td>One <a href="/facts/Hypervelocity/5WqbktyA">hypervelocity</a> impact</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2"><a href="/facts/2MASS_J08090250-4858172/FU3rIB6l">NGC 2547–ID8</a></td><td rowspan="2">G6V</td><td rowspan="2">35</td><td rowspan="2">yes<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a></td><td>late 2012</td><td>Two bodies with sizes of ≥100 km</td><td>likely grazing or hit-and-run type event</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>early 2014</td><td>100 km bodies, maybe same objects as the first event</td><td>fragments dominated by boulders</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/HD_169142/yMbaX9Ue">HD 169142</a></td><td>A5V</td><td>6</td><td>no</td><td>2013–2018</td><td>Unknown</td><td>Variability interpreted as appearance and disappearance of a dust ring. Comparisons with EDDs were made.</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2">TYC 4209-1322-1</td><td rowspan="2">G1V</td><td rowspan="2">275</td><td rowspan="2">yes<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a></td><td>2010 or earlier</td><td>unknown</td><td></td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>Sometime in 2014</td><td>Two ≥90 km bodies</td><td>brightening and fading between 2014 and 2018</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/HD_166191/pjTXEayr">HD 166191</a></td><td>late F- to early G</td><td>10</td><td>yes<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a></td><td>Early 2018</td><td>Two ≥500 km bodies</td><td>Sudden increase of dust production in early 2018, reaching a high in 2019. Also transit of star-sized dust clouds, produced by the collisions.</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/V488_Persei/kfkWgsN9">V488 Persei</a></td><td>K2-2.5 V</td><td>80</td><td>yes<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a></td><td>2019</td><td>Two 60 km bodies</td><td>Constant collisions will last 1,000 to 10,000 years.Possibly formation of a <a href="/facts/Mercury_(planet)/lVa1GIyX">Mercury</a>-like planet.</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/ASASSN-21qj/SdpsRFTH">ASASSN-21qj</a></td><td>G2</td><td>300</td><td>no?</td><td>December 2021</td><td>Two <a href="/facts/Ice_giant/mJ4YTuup">ice giants</a></td><td>Breakup of <a href="/facts/Exocomet/n0r6cqsw">exocomets</a> was also proposed.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a></td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/HD_172555/snLxb0a1">HD 172555</a></td><td>A5V</td><td>23</td><td>no</td><td>Within 0.1 Myr</td><td>Two planetesimals</td><td>Compared to the formation of the <a href="/facts/Moon/zKHqEMPb">Moon</a></td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26"><sup>26</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27"><sup>27</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/BD%252B20%25C2%25B0307/32dlP1ee">BD+20 307</a></td><td>F-type binary</td><td>≥1000</td><td>yes<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28"><sup>28</sup></a></td><td>Unknown</td><td>Planetary-scale</td><td>Catastrophic collision between planetary-scale bodies</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29"><sup>29</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30"><sup>30</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>HD 15407A</td><td>F3V</td><td>80 or 2100</td><td>yes<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31"><sup>31</sup></a></td><td>Unknown</td><td>Planetesimals?</td><td>One giant hypervelocity impact?</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32"><sup>32</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33"><sup>33</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/HD_23514/WXoBMwf7">HD 23514</a></td><td>F6V</td><td>100</td><td>yes<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:34" href="#fn:34"><sup>34</sup></a></td><td>Unknown</td><td>Planetary embryos</td><td>Member of the <a href="/facts/Pleiades/tjwtx82z">Pleiades</a></td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:35" href="#fn:35"><sup>35</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>TYC 4479-3-1</td><td>G6V</td><td>5000</td><td>yes<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:36" href="#fn:36"><sup>36</sup></a></td><td>Unknown</td><td>≥50 km planetesimal</td><td>Disruption of one body</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:37" href="#fn:37"><sup>37</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/HD_113766/CSdUc0qI">HD 113766</a>A</td><td>F2V</td><td>17</td><td>yes<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:38" href="#fn:38"><sup>38</sup></a></td><td>Unknown</td><td>Partially differentiated bodies</td><td>Recent impact of two asteroids or planetary bodies</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:39" href="#fn:39"><sup>39</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:40" href="#fn:40"><sup>40</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>TYC 8830-410-1</td><td>G9V</td><td>600</td><td>yes<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:41" href="#fn:41"><sup>41</sup></a></td><td>Unknown</td><td>Rocky bodies</td><td>Giant impact</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:42" href="#fn:42"><sup>42</sup></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="list-of-other-edds">List of other EDDs</h2> <p>These objects appear as EDDs in Moór et al.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:43" href="#fn:43"><sup>43</sup></a> EDDs are listed here, because they are often associated with individual giant collisions. List is sorted after discovery year. </p> <table><tbody><tr><th>Name of star</th><th>Spectral type</th><th>Approx. age(<a href="/facts/Million_years_ago/DXcnXuAw">Myr</a>)</th><th>Notes</th><th>Discovery year<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:44" href="#fn:44"><sup>44</sup></a></th><th>Ref.</th></tr><tr><td>TYC 8241–2652–1</td><td>K2</td><td>10</td><td>rapid disappearance of the disk, unknown mechanism</td><td>2012</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:45" href="#fn:45"><sup>45</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:46" href="#fn:46"><sup>46</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/RZ_Piscium/AbXRMVlf">RZ Piscium</a></td><td>K0IV</td><td>30</td><td>Intense continuous collisions, destroying a 90 km asteroid each year.</td><td>2013</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:47" href="#fn:47"><sup>47</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:48" href="#fn:48"><sup>48</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>TIC 43488669</td><td></td><td>100-400</td><td><a href="/facts/Runaway_star/6q1SRvDa">runaway star</a>, without further estimates of the collisions</td><td>2020</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:49" href="#fn:49"><sup>49</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>TYC 4515–485–1</td><td>F5V</td><td>>150</td><td>without further estimates of the collisions</td><td>2021</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:50" href="#fn:50"><sup>50</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>TYC 5940–1510–1</td><td>G5V</td><td>120</td><td>without further estimates of the collisions</td><td>2021</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:51" href="#fn:51"><sup>51</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>TYC 8105–370–1</td><td>G9V</td><td>130</td><td>without further estimates of the collisions</td><td>2021</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:52" href="#fn:52"><sup>52</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>BD-04 3234 (TYC 4946–1106–1)</td><td>F6V</td><td>>150</td><td>without further estimates of the collisions</td><td>2021</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:53" href="#fn:53"><sup>53</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>TYC 9196-2916-1</td><td>K4.5V</td><td>85</td><td>without further estimates of the collisions</td><td>2022</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:54" href="#fn:54"><sup>54</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:55" href="#fn:55"><sup>55</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>2MASS J06091701-1508085</td><td>G9V</td><td>200</td><td>without further estimates of the collisions</td><td>2024</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:56" href="#fn:56"><sup>56</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>2MASS J07120655-4752423</td><td>K3.5V</td><td>240</td><td>without further estimates of the collisions</td><td>2024</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:57" href="#fn:57"><sup>57</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>CD-44 6765</td><td>K0.5V</td><td>5500</td><td>without further estimates of the collisions</td><td>2024</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:58" href="#fn:58"><sup>58</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>2MASS J20431522+1043355</td><td>K4V</td><td>250</td><td>without further estimates of the collisions</td><td>2024</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:59" href="#fn:59"><sup>59</sup></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="list-of-edd-without-collisions">List of EDD without collisions</h2> <table><tbody><tr><th>Name of star</th><th>spectral type</th><th>approximate age (<a href="/facts/Million_years_ago/DXcnXuAw">Myr</a>)</th><th>notes</th><th>discovery year<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:60" href="#fn:60"><sup>60</sup></a></th><th>Reference</th></tr><tr><td>HD 145263</td><td>F4V</td><td>11</td><td>hypervelocity impact was excluded in one study, instead extreme <a href="/facts/Space_weathering/Jby7A3mx">space weathering</a> was suggested to explain observed <a href="/facts/Mineralogy/MeIK9lx9">mineralogy</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:61" href="#fn:61"><sup>61</sup></a> This object appears as an EDD in Moór et al.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:62" href="#fn:62"><sup>62</sup></a></td><td>1998</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:63" href="#fn:63"><sup>63</sup></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/List_of_stars_that_have_unusual_dimming_periods/lVvyo95b">List of stars that have unusual dimming periods</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/List_of_largest_craters_in_the_Solar_System/sUBmmIrv">List of largest craters in the Solar System</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Giant-impact_hypothesis/x2cw2Xxn">Giant impact hypothesis</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Mercury_(planet)/lVa1GIyX">Mercury (planet)</a> is thought to have lost its <a href="/facts/Mantle_(geology)/RpDdtjCr">mantle</a> from a collision</li> <li><a href="/facts/354P%2fLINEAR/6wNXmd1q">354P/LINEAR</a> small asteroid that was impacted by another asteroid</li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Raymond, S. N.; Kokubo, E.; Morbidelli, A.; Morishima, R.; Walsh, K. J. (2014-01-01). "Terrestrial Planet Formation at Home and Abroad". Protostars and Planets VI. eprint: arXiv:1312.1689: 595. arXiv:1312.1689. Bibcode:2014prpl.conf..595R. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816531240-ch026. ISBN 978-0-8165-3124-0.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: location (link) <a href="978-0-8165-3124-0" target="_blank">978-0-8165-3124-0</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Meng, Huan Y. A.; Su, Kate Y. L.; Rieke, George H.; Rujopakarn, Wiphu; Myers, Gordon; Cook, Michael; Erdelyi, Emery; Maloney, Chris; McMath, James; Persha, Gerald; Poshyachinda, Saran; Reichart, Daniel E. (2015-05-01). "Planetary Collisions Outside the Solar System: Time Domain Characterization of Extreme Debris Disks". The Astrophysical Journal. 805 (1): 77. arXiv:1503.05610. Bibcode:2015ApJ...805...77M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/805/1/77. ISSN 0004-637X. <a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015ApJ...805...77M/abstract" target="_blank">https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015ApJ...805...77M/abstract</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Moór, Attila; Ábrahám, Péter; Su, Kate Y. L.; Henning, Thomas; Marino, Sebastian; Chen, Lei; Kóspál, Ágnes; Pawellek, Nicole; Varga, József; Vida, Krisztián (2024-03-01). "Abundant sub-micron grains revealed in newly discovered extreme debris discs". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 528 (3): 4528–4546. arXiv:2402.15438. Bibcode:2024MNRAS.528.4528M. doi:10.1093/mnras/stae155. ISSN 0035-8711. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstae155" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstae155</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Rebollido, Isabel; Stark, Christopher C.; Kammerer, Jens; Perrin, Marshall D.; Lawson, Kellen; Pueyo, Laurent; Chen, Christine; Hines, Dean; Girard, Julien H.; Worthen, Kadin; Ingerbretsen, Carl; Betti, Sarah; Clampin, Mark; Golimowski, David; Hoch, Kielan (2024-02-01). "JWST-TST High Contrast: Asymmetries, Dust Populations, and Hints of a Collision in the β Pictoris Disk with NIRCam and MIRI". The Astronomical Journal. 167 (2): 69. arXiv:2401.05271. Bibcode:2024AJ....167...69R. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad1759. ISSN 0004-6256. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3847%2F1538-3881%2Fad1759" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.3847%2F1538-3881%2Fad1759</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Chen, Christine H.; Lu, Cicero X.; Worthen, Kadin; Law, David R.; Sargent, B. A.; Moro-Martin, Amaya; Sloan, G. C.; Lisse, Carey M.; Watson, Dan M.; Girard, Julien H.; Chai, Yiwei; Hines, Dean C.; Kammerer, Jens; Li, Alexis; Perrin, Marshall (2024-10-01). "MIRI MRS Observations of Beta Pictoris. II. The Spectroscopic Case for a Recent Giant Collision". The Astrophysical Journal. 973 (2): 139. arXiv:2407.04661. Bibcode:2024ApJ...973..139C. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad60bb. ISSN 0004-637X. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3847%2F1538-4357%2Fad60bb" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.3847%2F1538-4357%2Fad60bb</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Gaspar, Andras; Rieke, George (2020-04-01). "New HST data and modeling reveal a massive planetesimal collision around Fomalhaut". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 117 (18): 9712–9722. arXiv:2004.08736. Bibcode:2020PNAS..117.9712G. doi:10.1073/pnas.1912506117. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 7211925. PMID 32312810. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7211925" target="_blank">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7211925</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Moór, Attila; Ábrahám, Péter; Su, Kate Y. L.; Henning, Thomas; Marino, Sebastian; Chen, Lei; Kóspál, Ágnes; Pawellek, Nicole; Varga, József; Vida, Krisztián (2024-03-01). "Abundant sub-micron grains revealed in newly discovered extreme debris discs". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 528 (3): 4528–4546. arXiv:2402.15438. Bibcode:2024MNRAS.528.4528M. doi:10.1093/mnras/stae155. ISSN 0035-8711. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstae155" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstae155</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Meng, Huan Y. A.; Su, Kate Y. L.; Rieke, George H.; Rujopakarn, Wiphu; Myers, Gordon; Cook, Michael; Erdelyi, Emery; Maloney, Chris; McMath, James; Persha, Gerald; Poshyachinda, Saran; Reichart, Daniel E. (2015-05-01). "Planetary Collisions Outside the Solar System: Time Domain Characterization of Extreme Debris Disks". The Astrophysical Journal. 805 (1): 77. arXiv:1503.05610. Bibcode:2015ApJ...805...77M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/805/1/77. ISSN 0004-637X. <a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015ApJ...805...77M/abstract" target="_blank">https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015ApJ...805...77M/abstract</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Su, Kate Y. 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