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International Society for Complexity, Information, and Design
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<h2 id="overview">Overview</h2> <p>The society was launched on 6 December 2001. It was co-founded by <a href="/facts/William_A._Dembski/ggI4YtxB">William A. Dembski</a>, Micah Sparacio and John Bracht. Dembski served as its executive director. It had about sixty fellows, many of them figures associated with the <a href="/facts/Intelligent_design_movement/uacAXSgk">intelligent design movement</a> and fellows of the <a href="/facts/Discovery_Institute/NMw5AfC6">Discovery Institute</a>'s <a href="/facts/Center_for_Science_and_Culture/ohUxIG8N">Center for Science and Culture</a>, including Dembski, Behe, <a href="/facts/Jonathan_Wells_(intelligent_design_advocate)/FVUjwDyJ">Jonathan Wells</a>, <a href="/facts/William_Lane_Craig/3MXEEGj9">William Lane Craig</a>, and <a href="/facts/Henry_F._Schaefer/sYNoHhaQ">Henry F. Schaefer</a>. Other notable ISCID fellows include philosopher of religion <a href="/facts/Alvin_Plantinga/1175Gawx">Alvin Plantinga</a> and physics professor and theologian <a href="/facts/Frank_J._Tipler/vHFFc4MH">Frank J. Tipler</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> </p><p>ISCID hosted its first online symposium in October 2002, titled "The Teleological Origin of Biological Information."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> </p><p>ISCID described itself as providing "a forum for formulating, testing, and disseminating research on complex systems through critique, peer review, and publication," with an aim "to pursue the theoretical development, empirical application, and philosophical implications of information- and design-theoretic concepts for complex systems."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> </p><p>ISCID maintained an online <a href="/facts/Academic_journal/SBI7Ue0q">journal</a> titled <i>Progress in Complexity, Information and Design</i> (<i>PCID</i>). Articles were submitted through its website and could appear in the journal if they had been approved by one of the fellows.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> Dembski and Tipler believed that this review process was preferable to the process of <a href="/facts/Scholarly_peer_review/ufyrXAkW">scholarly peer review</a> commonly used in mainstream journals, citing that peer review "too often degenerates into a vehicle for censoring novel ideas that break with existing frameworks."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> </p><p>ISCID also hosted an online forum called Brainstorms and maintains a copyrighted online user-written <a href="/facts/Internet/Xw1rVvJU">Internet</a> <a href="/facts/Encyclopedia/fRsmb4q6">encyclopedia</a> called the <i>ISCID Encyclopedia of Science and Philosophy</i>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> The society featured online chats with intelligent-design proponents and others sympathetic to the movement or interested in aspects of complex systems. Past chats included people such as <a href="/facts/Ray_Kurzweil/1DYRFcVe">Ray Kurzweil</a>, <a href="/facts/David_Chalmers/poKbqEWc">David Chalmers</a>, <a href="/facts/Stuart_Kauffman/lvmaUf5b">Stuart Kauffman</a>, <a href="/facts/Christopher_Michael_Langan/n515k8Yf">Christopher Michael Langan</a> and <a href="/facts/Robert_Wright_(journalist)/KIWel1sM">Robert Wright</a>. </p><p>In May 2011 the society's website stated that "ISCID is no longer being managed as an organization".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> The last issue of <i>PCID</i> was published in November 2005,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> its essay contests had been discontinued,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a> and the last moderated chat was in 2004.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a> By 2014, its website was no longer online. </p> <h2 id="pcidpeer-review-controversy"><i>PCID</i> peer review controversy</h2> <p>ISCID's journal, <i>Progress in Complexity, Information, and Design</i> has been cited as an example of a journal set up by <a href="/facts/Intelligent_design/BWx7LxGf">intelligent design</a> proponents to publish articles promoting intelligent design without a peer review process with sufficient <a href="/facts/Impartiality/8kSHvpV9">impartiality</a> and <a href="/facts/Rigour/v23FKfhw">rigor</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a> ISCID fellows who comprised <i>PCID</i>'s reviewers were characterized as "ardent supporters of intelligent design."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a> </p><p>ISCID's peer review policy for <i>PCID</i> was based on ISCID Fellow Frank Tipler's article covering what he saw as problems with traditional <a href="/facts/Peer_review/ly6yEgcW">peer review</a> processes.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a> ISCID required that for articles to be accepted into the archive, they "need to meet basic scholarly standards and be relevant to the study of complex systems." Once in the archive, articles only needed to be approved by a single ISCID Fellow in order to be published.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a> ISCID says that this policy is designed to provide peer review for quality without squelching paradigm changing theories.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a> However, the <a href="/facts/American_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Science/zfWYugCg">American Association for the Advancement of Science</a> contended that review processes such as <i>PCID</i>'s were different from the accepted standard of peer review, where "reviewers are experts in the relevant scientific fields who have no conflict of interest with or especially close personal relationships to the authors or requestors."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="fellows">Fellows</h2> <p>In addition to guiding the society's various programs, fellows served as the editorial advisory board that peer-reviewed the society's journal, <i>PCID</i>. </p><p>Partial list of ISCID Fellows:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a> </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Michael_Behe/LQsHIYe0">Michael Behe</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/John_Angus_Campbell/dI3Tcw5y">John Angus Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Robin_Collins/NAL8YxvY">Robin Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/William_Lane_Craig/3MXEEGj9">William Lane Craig</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Bernard_d%2527Abrera/12nA98US">Bernard d'Abrera</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/William_A._Dembski/ggI4YtxB">William A. Dembski</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Guillermo_Gonzalez_(astronomer)/jJo63qxg">Guillermo Gonzalez</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Bruce_L._Gordon/F7KXRVzD">Bruce L. Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Muzaffar_Iqbal/tPtMBUyK">Muzaffar Iqbal</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Christopher_Michael_Langan/n515k8Yf">Christopher Michael Langan</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Forrest_Mims/NSPPBsL6">Forrest Mims</a></li> <li>Scott Minnich</li> <li><a href="/facts/Paul_Nelson_(creationist)/9xf9yt8l">Paul Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Alvin_Plantinga/1175Gawx">Alvin Plantinga</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Henry_F._Schaefer%2c_III/sYNoHhaQ">Henry F. Schaefer, III</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Jeffrey_M._Schwartz/86c0kgFa">Jeffrey M. Schwartz</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Richard_Sternberg/XzyIJcDE">Richard Sternberg</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Frank_J._Tipler/vHFFc4MH">Frank J. Tipler</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Jonathan_Wells_(intelligent_design_advocate)/FVUjwDyJ">Jonathan Wells</a></li></ul> <h2 id="notes-and-references">Notes and references</h2> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <ul><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130511020010/http://www.iscid.org/">ISCID</a> (old website)</li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"ISCID - International Society for Complexity Information and Design". 2012-11-01. Archived from the original on November 1, 2012. Retrieved 2015-12-27. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121101023839/http://www.iscid.org/" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20121101023839/http://www.iscid.org/</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"ID leaders know the benefits of submitting their work to independent review and have established at least two purportedly "peer-reviewed" journals for ID articles. However, one has languished for want of material and quietly ceased publication, while the other has a more overtly philosophical orientation. Both journals employ a weak standard of "peer review" that amounts to no more than vetting by the editorial board or society fellows. Is It Science Yet?: Intelligent Design Creationism and the Constitution Archived 2006-10-10 at the Wayback Machine Matthew J. Brauer, Barbara Forrest, and Steven G. Gey. Washington University School of Law, Washington University Law Quarterly, Volume 83, Number 1, 2005. <a href="http://law.wustl.edu/WULQ/83-1/p%201%20Brauer%20Forrest%20Gey%20book%20pages.pdf" target="_blank">http://law.wustl.edu/WULQ/83-1/p%201%20Brauer%20Forrest%20Gey%20book%20pages.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>"ISCID - About". 2013-01-23. Archived from the original on January 23, 2013. Retrieved 2015-12-27. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130123000342/http://www.iscid.org/about.php" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130123000342/http://www.iscid.org/about.php</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>"ISCID - About". 2013-01-23. Archived from the original on January 23, 2013. Retrieved 2015-12-27. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130123000342/http://www.iscid.org/about.php" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130123000342/http://www.iscid.org/about.php</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>"ISCID - Conferences". 2013-04-05. Archived from the original on April 5, 2013. Retrieved 2015-12-27. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130405165505/http://www.iscid.org/conferences.php" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130405165505/http://www.iscid.org/conferences.php</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>"ISCID - International Society for Complexity Information and Design". 2012-11-01. Archived from the original on November 1, 2012. Retrieved 2015-12-27. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121101023839/http://www.iscid.org/" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20121101023839/http://www.iscid.org/</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>"PCID: Progress in Complexity, Information and Design". 2013-04-05. Archived from the original on April 5, 2013. Retrieved 2015-12-27. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130405165535/http://www.iscid.org/pcid.php" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130405165535/http://www.iscid.org/pcid.php</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>"PCID - Peer Review or Peer Censorship". 2011-06-07. Archived from the original on June 7, 2011. Retrieved 2015-12-27. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110607111132/http://www.iscid.org/pcid/2003/2/1-2/dembski_pcid_policy.php" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20110607111132/http://www.iscid.org/pcid/2003/2/1-2/dembski_pcid_policy.php</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Tipler, Frank (June 30, 2003). "Refereed Journals: Do They Insure Quality or Enforce Orthodoxy?" (PDF). ISCID Archive. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 4, 2012. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120204044039/http://www.iscid.org/papers/Tipler_PeerReview_070103.pdf" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20120204044039/http://www.iscid.org/papers/Tipler_PeerReview_070103.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>"ISCID - Brainstorms". 2013-04-05. Archived from the original on April 5, 2013. Retrieved 2015-12-27. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130405165540/http://www.iscid.org/brainstorms.php" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130405165540/http://www.iscid.org/brainstorms.php</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>"ISCID - Contact Information". 2011-05-14. Archived from the original on May 14, 2011. Retrieved 2015-12-27. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110514103606/http://www.iscid.org/contact.php" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20110514103606/http://www.iscid.org/contact.php</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>"ISCID - International Society for Complexity Information and Design". 2013-01-23. Archived from the original on January 23, 2013. Retrieved 2015-12-27. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130123000313/http://www.iscid.org/" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130123000313/http://www.iscid.org/</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>"ISCID - Essay Contests". 2013-01-23. Archived from the original on January 23, 2013. Retrieved 2015-12-27. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130123000304/http://www.iscid.org/essaycontests.php" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130123000304/http://www.iscid.org/essaycontests.php</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>"ISCID - Live Chat with Carlos Puente". 2012-02-22. Archived from the original on February 22, 2012. Retrieved 2015-12-27. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120222011516/http://www.iscid.org/carlos-puente-chat.php" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20120222011516/http://www.iscid.org/carlos-puente-chat.php</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>Isaak, Mark. Index to Creationist Claims. TalkOrigins archive 2006 <a href="http://www.talkorigins.org/indexcc/CI/CI001_4.html" target="_blank">http://www.talkorigins.org/indexcc/CI/CI001_4.html</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>Bill Dembski and the case of the unsupported assertion Matt Inlay. Talk Reason. <a href="http://www.talkreason.org/articles/unsupported.cfm" target="_blank">http://www.talkreason.org/articles/unsupported.cfm</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>"ID leaders know the benefits of submitting their work to independent review and have established at least two purportedly "peer-reviewed" journals for ID articles. However, one has languished for want of material and quietly ceased publication, while the other has a more overtly philosophical orientation. Both journals employ a weak standard of "peer review" that amounts to no more than vetting by the editorial board or society fellows. Is It Science Yet?: Intelligent Design Creationism and the Constitution Archived 2006-10-10 at the Wayback Machine Matthew J. Brauer, Barbara Forrest, and Steven G. Gey. Washington University School of Law, Washington University Law Quarterly, Volume 83, Number 1, 2005. <a href="http://law.wustl.edu/WULQ/83-1/p%201%20Brauer%20Forrest%20Gey%20book%20pages.pdf" target="_blank">http://law.wustl.edu/WULQ/83-1/p%201%20Brauer%20Forrest%20Gey%20book%20pages.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:18"><p>Intelligent Design: Creationism’s Trojan Horse, A Conversation With Barbara Forrest Archived 2006-08-09 at the Wayback Machine Americans United for Separation of Church and State, February, 2005. <a href="http://www.au.org/site/PageServer?pagename=cs_2005_02_special" target="_blank">http://www.au.org/site/PageServer?pagename=cs_2005_02_special</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:19"><p>Isaak, Mark. Index to Creationist Claims. TalkOrigins archive 2006 <a href="http://www.talkorigins.org/indexcc/CI/CI001_4.html" target="_blank">http://www.talkorigins.org/indexcc/CI/CI001_4.html</a> <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:20"><p>Frank Tipler, Refereed Journals: Do They Insure Quality or Enforce Orthodoxy?, ISCID Archive, June 30, 2003 <a href="http://www.iscid.org/papers/Tipler_PeerReview_070103.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.iscid.org/papers/Tipler_PeerReview_070103.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:21"><p>PCID Archived 2013-04-05 at the Wayback Machine <a href="http://www.iscid.org/pcid.php" target="_blank">http://www.iscid.org/pcid.php</a> <a href="#fnref:21" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:22"><p>Peer Review or Peer Censorship? Archived 2011-06-07 at the Wayback Machine William Dembski. ISCID. <a href="http://www.iscid.org/pcid/2003/2/1-2/dembski_pcid_policy.php" target="_blank">http://www.iscid.org/pcid/2003/2/1-2/dembski_pcid_policy.php</a> <a href="#fnref:22" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:23"><p>"AAAS - AAAS Dialogue on Science, Ethics, and Religion - Evolution Resources". 2012-01-14. Archived from the original on January 14, 2012. Retrieved 2015-12-27. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120114143309/http://www.aaas.org/spp/dser/03_Areas/evolution/issues/peerreview.shtml" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20120114143309/http://www.aaas.org/spp/dser/03_Areas/evolution/issues/peerreview.shtml</a> <a href="#fnref:23" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:24"><p>"ISCID - Fellows". 2013-05-10. Archived from the original on May 10, 2013. Retrieved 2015-12-27. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130510051326/http://www.iscid.org/fellows.php" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130510051326/http://www.iscid.org/fellows.php</a> <a href="#fnref:24" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>