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1806 in science
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<h2 id="biology">Biology</h2> <ul><li>Publication begins in <a href="/facts/London/KozCCsy9">London</a> of the <i><a href="/facts/Flora_Graeca/peR0twNT">Flora Graeca</a></i> collected by <a href="/facts/John_Sibthorp/vrtsewp2">John Sibthorp</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Pierre_Andr%25C3%25A9_Latreille/YPQCmIvf">Pierre André Latreille</a> begins publication in <a href="/facts/France/CxIeIKM3">France</a> of <i>Genera crustaceorum et insectorum, secundum ordinem naturalem ut familias disposita</i>.</li></ul> <h2 id="chemistry">Chemistry</h2> <ul><li>November 20 – <a href="/facts/Humphry_Davy/aDNRfNou">Humphry Davy</a> presents the results of his researches in the <a href="/facts/Electrolysis/pU75nCDI">electrolysis</a> of water to the <a href="/facts/Royal_Society/KI5yXCuV">Royal Society</a> of London.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Louis_Nicolas_Vauquelin/ygSb9h9Q">Louis Nicolas Vauquelin</a> and <a href="/facts/Pierre_Jean_Robiquet/SNgXPP0n">Pierre Jean Robiquet</a> isolate <a href="/facts/Asparagine/KYIft5Jd">asparagine</a> in crystalline form from <a href="/facts/Asparagus/MoI6GaCN">asparagus</a> juice in France, the first <a href="/facts/Amino_acid/WDxYwBny">amino acid</a> identified.</li></ul> <h2 id="exploration">Exploration</h2> <ul><li>August – <a href="/facts/English_people/IeI9c7BK">English</a> <a href="/facts/Seal_hunting/ppCsCypW">seal hunter</a> <a href="/facts/Abraham_Bristow/tvmuTX45">Abraham Bristow</a> discovers the <a href="/facts/Auckland_Islands/JXHqYKm7">Auckland Islands</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a></li></ul> <h2 id="mathematics">Mathematics</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Jean-Robert_Argand/LtPhnKhp">Jean-Robert Argand</a> introduces the <a href="/facts/Argand_diagram/vE0QrxJp">Argand diagram</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Adrien-Marie_Legendre/2a7CAolM">Adrien-Marie Legendre</a> gives the first published application of the method of <a href="/facts/Least_squares/50jIwbxC">least squares</a>, in a supplement to his <i>Nouvelles méthodes pour la détermination des orbites des comètes</i>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a></li></ul> <h2 id="medicine">Medicine</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/John_Bell_(surgeon)/o6Uy6oBa">John Bell</a> concludes publication of <i>The Principles of Surgery</i> in two volumes (1801–06). Its treatment of arterial surgery in particular ranks him as a founder of <a href="/facts/Vascular_surgery/rShyKmad">vascular surgery</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> His brother <a href="/facts/Charles_Bell/gKnT2dN2">Charles Bell</a> publishes <i>Essays on The Anatomy of Expression in Painting</i>.</li></ul> <h2 id="technology">Technology</h2> <ul><li>October 7 – <a href="/facts/Carbon_paper/kfQNjnau">Carbon paper</a> <a href="/facts/Patent/LjT2bG3A">patented</a> by <a href="/facts/Ralph_Wedgwood_(inventor)/R6Cux7n7">Ralph Wedgwood</a> in the <a href="/facts/United_Kingdom/kuPAILt2">United Kingdom</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a></li></ul> <h2 id="awards">Awards</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Copley_Medal/bBwd6QzN">Copley Medal</a>: <a href="/facts/Thomas_Andrew_Knight/R34Y3V3w">Thomas Andrew Knight</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a></li></ul> <h2 id="births">Births</h2> <ul><li>January 14 – <a href="/facts/Matthew_Fontaine_Maury/6BP3PQAC">Matthew Fontaine Maury</a>, American oceanographer (died <a href="/facts/1873_in_science/Cz0weAdA">1873</a>)</li> <li>February 14 – <a href="/facts/Joseph-Fran%25C3%25A7ois_Malgaigne/Yjeyvt0o">Joseph-François Malgaigne</a>, French surgeon (died <a href="/facts/1865_in_science/WUHc8xS1">1865</a>)</li> <li>February 18 – <a href="/facts/Eduard_Heis/4thcW2gP">Eduard Heis</a>, German mathematician and astronomer (died <a href="/facts/1877_in_science/PvF8wXrx">1877</a>)</li> <li>April 9 – <a href="/facts/Isambard_Kingdom_Brunel/kKeQ1IV6">Isambard Kingdom Brunel</a>, British civil engineer (died <a href="/facts/1859_in_science/t8oVY6aT">1859</a>)</li> <li>June 12 – <a href="/facts/John_A._Roebling/APfmfIzk">John A. Roebling</a>, German American bridge engineer (died <a href="/facts/1869_in_science/CYwoS0jj">1869</a>)</li> <li>June 27 – <a href="/facts/Augustus_De_Morgan/6fQ1KTPb">Augustus De Morgan</a>, British logician (died <a href="/facts/1871_in_science/JxgmMrur">1871</a>)</li> <li>November 21 – <a href="/facts/Alexander_Henry_Haliday/N00F4HqU">Alexander Henry Haliday</a>, Irish entomologist (died <a href="/facts/1870_in_science/o4uJznAF">1870</a>)</li> <li>December 11 <ul><li><a href="/facts/Otto_Wilhelm_Hermann_von_Abich/ww6Wd7UC">Otto Wilhelm Hermann von Abich</a>, German geologist (died <a href="/facts/1886_in_science/7LC7G3JF">1886</a>)</li> <li><a href="/facts/Alfred_Swaine_Taylor/ctCzku8M">Alfred Swaine Taylor</a>, English toxicologist, "father of British forensic medicine" (died <a href="/facts/1880_in_science/AbBHWLbX">1880</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/facts/Luther_V._Bell/sxYxoKST">Luther V. Bell</a>, American psychiatric physician (died <a href="/facts/1862_in_science/QgMtveLf">1862</a>)</li></ul> <h2 id="deaths">Deaths</h2> <ul><li>c. January?? – <a href="/facts/Mungo_Park_(explorer)/NzmmYj18">Mungo Park</a>, Scottish explorer of West Africa (born <a href="/facts/1771_in_science/fXlqQLLE">1771</a>)</li> <li>April 5 – <a href="/facts/Benjamin_Bell/U1o5yIcw">Benjamin Bell</a>, <a href="/facts/Scottish_people/0rp2bd12">Scottish</a> surgeon (born <a href="/facts/1749_in_science/IINcTscJ">1749</a>)</li> <li>June 23 – <a href="/facts/Mathurin_Jacques_Brisson/ASEbMg2c">Mathurin Jacques Brisson</a>, <a href="/facts/French_people/984axQ8y">French</a> <a href="/facts/Zoologist/6Kj13mBt">zoologist</a> (born <a href="/facts/1723_in_science/0dXNTwDJ">1723</a>)</li> <li>August 3 – <a href="/facts/Michel_Adanson/G7eWPH8l">Michel Adanson</a>, French <a href="/facts/Botanist/PaIRoxnb">botanist</a> (born <a href="/facts/1727_in_science/kbTxAc8A">1727</a>)</li> <li>August 23 – <a href="/facts/Charles-Augustin_de_Coulomb/T4EEdFIq">Charles-Augustin de Coulomb</a>, French <a href="/facts/Physicist/cQcgvSIm">physicist</a> (born <a href="/facts/1736_in_science/NIhF05X2">1736</a>)</li> <li>October 9 – <a href="/facts/Benjamin_Banneker/mYlddPMT">Benjamin Banneker</a>, <a href="/facts/African-American/pTgcAdo8">African-American</a> <a href="/facts/Astronomer/ronF8j4a">astronomer</a> and surveyor (born <a href="/facts/1731_in_science/VdhvlMaB">1731</a>)</li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Harris, Stephen (2007). The Magnificent Flora Graeca: How the Mediterranean Came to the English Garden. Oxford: Bodleian Library. ISBN 978-1-85124-306-8. <a href="978-1-85124-306-8" target="_blank">978-1-85124-306-8</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Lack, H. Walter; Mabberley, David (1998). The Flora Graeca Story: Sibthorp, Bauer, and Hawkins in the Levant. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-854897-4. <a href="0-19-854897-4" target="_blank">0-19-854897-4</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Mawar, Granville (1999). Ahab's Trade: The Saga of South Seas Whaling. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-22809-0. <a href="0-312-22809-0" target="_blank">0-312-22809-0</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Jones, A. G. E. (1970). "Captain Abraham Bristow and the Auckland Islands". Notes and Queries. 17 (10): 369–371. doi:10.1093/nq/17-10-369. <a href="/wiki/Notes_and_Queries" target="_blank">/wiki/Notes_and_Queries</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Crilly, Tony (2007). 50 Mathematical Ideas you really need to know. London: Quercus. ISBN 978-1-84724-008-8. <a href="978-1-84724-008-8" target="_blank">978-1-84724-008-8</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Crilly, Tony (2007). 50 Mathematical Ideas you really need to know. London: Quercus. ISBN 978-1-84724-008-8. <a href="978-1-84724-008-8" target="_blank">978-1-84724-008-8</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Itard, Jean (2008). "Legendre, Adrien-Marie". Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography. New York. Retrieved 2012-01-23.{{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) <a href="http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-2830902535.html" target="_blank">http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-2830902535.html</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Baston, K. Grudzien (2004). "Bell, John (1763–1820)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/2013. Retrieved 2011-04-06. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.) <a href="http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/2013" target="_blank">http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/2013</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0. <a href="0-14-102715-0" target="_blank">0-14-102715-0</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>"Copley Medal | British scientific award". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 21 July 2020. <a href="https://www.britannica.com/science/Copley-Medal" target="_blank">https://www.britannica.com/science/Copley-Medal</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>