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Baltic Pipeline System-II
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<h2 id="history">History</h2> <p>The project was proposed after an <a href="/facts/2007_Russia%25E2%2580%2593Belarus_energy_dispute/EDWSbboD">oil transit dispute between Russia and Belarus</a> at the beginning of January 2007, and was approved by the Russian government on 21 May 2007.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> </p><p>Although in April 2008 Russia's <a href="/facts/Ministry_of_Energy_(Russia)/f84cbla6">Ministry of Industry and Energy</a> submitted a negative profitability report regarding the pipeline, Russia opted to develop its own infrastructure for exporting hydrocarbons, bypassing former Soviet transit countries. The main goal of the pipeline is to protect Russia and its partners from the transit countries' possible decisions to raise tariffs or siphon off hydrocarbons.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> On 1 December 2008 <a href="/facts/Prime_Minister_of_Russia/G1y2kL6a">Prime Minister</a> <a href="/facts/Vladimir_Putin/DcQdxqbj">Vladimir Putin</a> signed a <a href="/facts/Order_of_the_Government_of_Russia/hzsuYWdu">resolution</a> ordering construction.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> </p><p>The construction started on 10 June 2009.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> Construction was completed in October 2011. The opening of export terminal at Ust-Luga was postponed until 2012 due to damage by landslips.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="route">Route</h2> <p>The 1,170-kilometre (730 mi) long pipeline system runs from the <a href="/facts/Unecha/tNchwt9H">Unecha</a> junction of the <a href="/facts/Druzhba_pipeline/mnhpJGfU">Druzhba pipeline</a> near the Russia–Belarus border to the <a href="/facts/Ust-Luga/Ct9BSL06">Ust-Luga</a> terminal on the <a href="/facts/Gulf_of_Finland/rXE4CB5m">Gulf of Finland</a>. The length of the pipeline from Unecha to Ust-Luga is 998 kilometres (620 mi) and the length of the branch line to <a href="/facts/Kinef/ckpyuJ9z">Kirishi oil refinery</a> is 172 kilometres (107 mi). The pipeline passes <a href="/facts/Bryansk_Oblast/2uf6bCTC">Bryansk</a>, <a href="/facts/Smolensk_Oblast/hMukDmqG">Smolensk</a>, <a href="/facts/Tver_Oblast/4L8DaSSS">Tver</a>, <a href="/facts/Novgorod_Oblast/8YgrFSee">Novgorod</a>, and <a href="/facts/Leningrad_Oblast/n11rJcAU">Leningrad</a> regions.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="technical-description">Technical description</h2> <table><tbody><tr><th><ul><li>v</li><li>t</li><li>e</li></ul>Baltic Pipeline System-II</th></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td><table><tbody><tr><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Gulf_of_Finland/rXE4CB5m">Gulf of Finland</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Oil_tanker/WHUhISVB">Tanker's cargo</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Luga_River/FGBQq4h6">Luga River</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">lines to Europe</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">Oil-pumping station # 9</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">Petroleum store</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">(<a href="/facts/Ust-Luga/Ct9BSL06">Ust-Luga</a>)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">Ust-Luga Sea port</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><i>R-35 road</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To Kotly </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To <a href="/facts/Keikino/JmWXYa2u">Keikino</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To <a href="/facts/Petergof/C6MwPy4Y">Petrodvorets</a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To <a href="/facts/Ivangorod/q5eWReTJ">Ivangorod</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To Veimarn </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To <a href="/facts/Gdov/fSpzIvpH">Gdov</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"><i>R-42 road</i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To Osmino</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To Veimarn </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To Partizanskaya</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To Prujitsy </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Luga_River/FGBQq4h6">Luga River</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"><i>R-39 road</i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">Oil-pumping station # 8</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"><i><a href="/facts/M20_highway_(Russia)/u39RRBUw">M-20 highway</a></i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To <a href="/facts/Luga%2c_Leningrad_Oblast/19IPYHV4">Luga</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To <a href="/facts/Saint_Petersburg/pNuCBxaM">St. Petersburg</a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Luga_River/FGBQq4h6">Luga River</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"><i>R-41 road</i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To <a href="/facts/Luga%2c_Leningrad_Oblast/19IPYHV4">Luga</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To <a href="/facts/Luba%25C5%2584/kUz9s3Wv">Lubań</a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">Oil-pumping station</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">Nevskaya</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">Pipe-end oil-pumping</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">station (<a href="/facts/Kirishi/833hPv1N">Kirishi</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">Oil-pumping station</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Pes_(rural_locality)/QnIp6EBH">Pes</a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Kinef/ckpyuJ9z">Kinef</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To <a href="/facts/Volkhov/My8oqa4b">Volkhov</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To <a href="/facts/Kirishi/833hPv1N">Kirishi</a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Volkhov_River/PnQ7u7oF">Volkhov River</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">Pipeline Bridge</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"><i>N-33 road</i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To <a href="/facts/Saint_Petersburg/pNuCBxaM">St. Petersburg</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To <a href="/facts/Pestovo%2c_Pestovsky_District%2c_Novgorod_Oblast/S9hHwnN4">Pestovo</a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Tigoda_River/93ncaI93">Tigoda River</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"> <table><tbody><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Leningrad_Oblast/n11rJcAU">Leningrad Oblast</a></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Novgorod_Oblast/8YgrFSee">Novgorod Oblast</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To <a href="/facts/Volkhov/My8oqa4b">Volkhov</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To <a href="/facts/Chudovo%2c_Chudovsky_District%2c_Novgorod_Oblast/gu6GEJG1">Chudovo</a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"><i><a href="/facts/M10_highway_(Russia)/cX7wEoqz">M-10</a> (</i> <i><a href="/facts/European_route_E105/5e8Iche5">E105</a></i>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To <a href="/facts/Saint_Petersburg/pNuCBxaM">St. Petersburg</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To Moscow </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To <a href="/facts/Saint_Petersburg/pNuCBxaM">St. Petersburg</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To <a href="/facts/Veliky_Novgorod/uWDymtF7">Veliky Novgorod</a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">Kerest River</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To <a href="/facts/Dno/JzeoV6YK">Dno</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To <a href="/facts/Saint_Petersburg/pNuCBxaM">St. Petersburg</a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><i>R-47 road</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To <a href="/facts/Luga%2c_Leningrad_Oblast/19IPYHV4">Luga</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To <a href="/facts/Veliky_Novgorod/uWDymtF7">Veliky Novgorod</a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To <a href="/facts/Luga%2c_Leningrad_Oblast/19IPYHV4">Luga</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To <a href="/facts/Veliky_Novgorod/uWDymtF7">Veliky Novgorod</a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Luga_River/FGBQq4h6">Luga River</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">Oil-pumping station # 7</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">(Menusha)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><i>R-52 road</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To Utorgosh</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To <a href="/facts/Shimsk/DR7fkddT">Shimsk</a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To Soltsi</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To <a href="/facts/Veliky_Novgorod/uWDymtF7">Veliky Novgorod</a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Shelon_River/XXPYL8YT">Shelon River</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"><i>A-116 highway</i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To <a href="/facts/Dno/JzeoV6YK">Dno</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To <a href="/facts/Staraya_Russa/EV0YIvpP">Staraya Russa</a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Polist_River/gwf2lPmt">Polist River</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">Porusia River</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">Oil-pumping station # 6</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">(Lopastino)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To <a href="/facts/Kholm%2c_Kholmsky_District%2c_Novgorod_Oblast/Cxo9fsFD">Kholm</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To <a href="/facts/Staraya_Russa/EV0YIvpP">Staraya Russa</a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Lovat_River/lA6pdAPK">Lovat River</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"><i>R-51 road</i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Pola_River/jmTd4Sl9">Pola River</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"> <table><tbody><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Novgorod_Oblast/8YgrFSee">Novgorod Oblast</a></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Tver_Oblast/4L8DaSSS">Tver Oblast</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To <a href="/facts/Velikiye_Luki/KLahuatE">Velikiye Luki</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To <a href="/facts/Bologoye%2c_Tver_Oblast/dRodVfRd">Bologoye</a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">Oil-pumping station</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">Oil-pumping station</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">(Borisovo) </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> (<a href="/facts/Velikiye_Luki/KLahuatE">Velikiye Luki</a>)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">Oil-pumping station # 5</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">(<a href="/facts/Andreapol/c4GtKeFX">Andreapol</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Daugava_River/dXRILBH3">Daugava River</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To <a href="/facts/Velikiye_Luki/KLahuatE">Velikiye Luki</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To <a href="/facts/Rzhev/lQxNcmDG">Rzhev</a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><i><a href="/facts/M9_highway_(Russia)/DgxVPXoQ">M-9 highway</a></i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To <a href="/facts/Velikiye_Luki/KLahuatE">Velikiye Luki</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To Moscow </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Mezha_River_(Western_Dvina)/9B6DgdRs">Mezha River</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"> <table><tbody><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Tver_Oblast/4L8DaSSS">Tver Oblast</a></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Smolensk_Oblast/hMukDmqG">Smolensk Oblast</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">Dubovitsy</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">Oil-pumping station # 4</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To <a href="/facts/Bely%2c_Tver_Oblast/UHgeCPmM">Bely </a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Ozyorny%2c_Smolensk_Oblast/P9e31pRq">Ozerniy</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"><i>R-136 road</i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To <a href="/facts/Smolensk/2Jr5vHgV">Smolensk</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To <a href="/facts/Roslavl/G4oC2XYd">Roslavl</a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><i><a href="/facts/M1_highway_(Russia)/GHExg3xh">M-1 highway</a></i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"> To <a href="/facts/Vyazma/GqUssdUQ">Vyazma</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To <a href="/facts/Smolensk/2Jr5vHgV">Smolensk</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"> To <a href="/facts/Sukhinichi/msCnVnph">Sukhinichi</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Dnieper_River/RLJ1G8pH">Dnieper River</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To <a href="/facts/Smolensk/2Jr5vHgV">Smolensk</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To <a href="/facts/Roslavl/G4oC2XYd">Roslavl</a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">230 km</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">Oil-pumping station # 3</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To <a href="/facts/Smolensk/2Jr5vHgV">Smolensk</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To <a href="/facts/Roslavl/G4oC2XYd">Roslavl</a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Sozh_River/1SMfdve1">Sozh River</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"><i>A-141 highway</i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To <a href="/facts/Mstsislaw/tMQc8S5Y">Mstsislaw</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To <a href="/facts/Pochinok%2c_Pochinkovsky_District%2c_Smolensk_Oblast/l0lRIeyx">Pochinok</a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> <a href="/facts/Belarus/vweHwgob">Belarus</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"><i>R-96 road</i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To <a href="/facts/Krychaw/HxVa9jJM">Krychaw</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">To <a href="/facts/Roslavl/G4oC2XYd">Roslavl</a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Iput_River/u0tvHn4E">Iput River</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">Sosonki</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">Oil-pumping station # 2</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"> <table><tbody><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Smolensk_Oblast/hMukDmqG">Smolensk Oblast</a></td></tr><tr><td> <a href="/facts/Bryansk_Oblast/2uf6bCTC">Bryansk Oblast</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Iput_River/u0tvHn4E">Iput River</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">Voronitsa River</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">Oil-pumping station #1</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> <a href="/facts/Belarus/vweHwgob">Belarus</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">(<a href="/facts/Unecha/tNchwt9H">Unecha</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To Kastyukovitchy</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">Oil-pumping station</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> To Mikhalki</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">(Desna) </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2">(<a href="/facts/Mazyr/VtKtlC4c">Mazyr</a>)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td colspan="2"><a href="/facts/Druzhba_pipeline/mnhpJGfU">Druzhba pipeline</a></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The initial capacity of the pipeline at the first stage is 10 million <a href="/facts/Tonne/gMymLmWv">tons</a> of oil per year, which will be upgraded to 50 million tons during the second stage.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> Of this, 12 million tons will be transported to Ust-Luga and 12 million tons to <a href="/facts/Kinef/ckpyuJ9z">Kirishi refinery</a>. Diameter of the pipeline will vary between 1,020 and 1,067 millimetres (40 and 42 in).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> </p><p>The construction cost is estimated at US$4 billion.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a> The second stage is expected to be completed by December 2013.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> </p><p>The pipeline will have eight pumping stations. During the first stage, two new pumping stations were built, and two pumping stations (in Unecha and Andreapol) were renovated. During the second stage, four new pumping stations will be added, and the pumping station No.7 will be equipped with a <a href="/facts/Oil_depot/8xqIeRjU">tank farm</a> with a capacity of 80,000 cubic metres (2,800,000 cu ft). In addition, the oil terminal in Ust-Luga was built.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <ul> <li>Russia portal</li><li>Energy portal</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090726173752/http://www.transneft.ru/projects/project/?zpID=8115">Official website (in Russian)</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"Transneft Launches Construction of 2nd Stage of Baltic Pipeline". Turkish Weekly. RIA Novosti. 2009-06-10. Archived from the original on 2012-03-20. Retrieved 2009-11-09. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120320005214/http://www.turkishweekly.net/news/80389/transneft-launches-construction-of-2nd-stage-of-baltic-pipeline.html" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20120320005214/http://www.turkishweekly.net/news/80389/transneft-launches-construction-of-2nd-stage-of-baltic-pipeline.html</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Groszkowski, Jakub (2012-04-18). "Czech concerns over the future of the Druzhba oil pipeline". CE Weekly. Centre for Eastern Studies. Archived from the original on 2012-05-11. Retrieved 2012-04-20. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120511122408/http://www.osw.waw.pl/en/publikacje/ceweekly/2012-04-18/czech-concerns-over-future-druzhba-oil-pipeline" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20120511122408/http://www.osw.waw.pl/en/publikacje/ceweekly/2012-04-18/czech-concerns-over-future-druzhba-oil-pipeline</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Geropoulos, Kostis (2007-05-26). "BPS-2 to redirect oil volumes from Druzhba pipeline". New Europe. Archived from the original on 2007-10-16. Retrieved 2007-12-29. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071016151733/http://www.neurope.eu/articles/74317.php" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20071016151733/http://www.neurope.eu/articles/74317.php</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>"Russia Pipeline Extends Reach" (PDF). Iran Daily. 2008-05-24. Retrieved 2008-06-08.[permanent dead link] <a href="http://www.nitc.co.ir/iran-daily/1387/3134/pdf/i7.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.nitc.co.ir/iran-daily/1387/3134/pdf/i7.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>"Putin Clears New Baltic Pipeline to Cut Oil Transit". Downstream Today. AFX News Limited. 2008-12-01. Archived from the original on 2012-04-26. Retrieved 2008-12-05. <a href="http://downstreamtoday.com/news/article.aspx?a_id=14008" target="_blank">http://downstreamtoday.com/news/article.aspx?a_id=14008</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>"Russia builds Baltic oil pipeline to bypass Belarus". EurActiv. 2009-06-11. Archived from the original on 19 June 2009. Retrieved 2009-06-30. <a href="http://www.euractiv.com/en/energy/russia-builds-baltic-oil-pipeline-bypass-belarus/article-183101?Ref=RSS" target="_blank">http://www.euractiv.com/en/energy/russia-builds-baltic-oil-pipeline-bypass-belarus/article-183101?Ref=RSS</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Stolyarov, Gleb; Zhdannikov, Dmitry; Pinchuk, Denis (2011-11-25). "Exclusive - Russia delays damaged Ust-Luga oil port launch". Reuters. Retrieved 2011-11-25. <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/world/exclusive-russia-delays-damaged-ust-luga-oil-port-launch-idUSTRE7AO1A7/" target="_blank">https://www.reuters.com/article/world/exclusive-russia-delays-damaged-ust-luga-oil-port-launch-idUSTRE7AO1A7/</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>"Map of pipeline on builder cite" (in Russian). Transneft. Archived from the original on 2011-02-08. Retrieved 2009-09-20. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110208191816/http://www.transneft.ru/objectdata/WebPageImpl/3658/74.gif" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20110208191816/http://www.transneft.ru/objectdata/WebPageImpl/3658/74.gif</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>"Official page of project" (in Russian). Transneft. Archived from the original on 2009-07-26. Retrieved 2009-09-20. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090726173752/http://www.transneft.ru/projects/project/?zpID=8115" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20090726173752/http://www.transneft.ru/projects/project/?zpID=8115</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Astakhova, Olesya (2011-10-20). "Russia cuts Baltic Belarus by-pass oil flow plan". Reuters. Retrieved 2011-11-25. <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/business/energy/russia-cuts-baltic-belarus-by-pass-oil-flow-plan-idUSL5E7LK20V/" target="_blank">https://www.reuters.com/article/business/energy/russia-cuts-baltic-belarus-by-pass-oil-flow-plan-idUSL5E7LK20V/</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Konończuk, Wojciech (2009-06-17). "The construction of the BPS-2 oil pipeline starts" (PDF). EastWeek (172). Centre for Eastern Studies. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-08-16. Retrieved 2009-06-30. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090816023203/http://osw.waw.pl/files/EastWeek_172.pdf" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20090816023203/http://osw.waw.pl/files/EastWeek_172.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>"Official page of project" (in Russian). Transneft. Archived from the original on 2009-07-26. Retrieved 2009-09-20. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090726173752/http://www.transneft.ru/projects/project/?zpID=8115" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20090726173752/http://www.transneft.ru/projects/project/?zpID=8115</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>"Russia builds Baltic oil pipeline to bypass Belarus". EurActiv. 2009-06-11. Archived from the original on 19 June 2009. Retrieved 2009-06-30. <a href="http://www.euractiv.com/en/energy/russia-builds-baltic-oil-pipeline-bypass-belarus/article-183101?Ref=RSS" target="_blank">http://www.euractiv.com/en/energy/russia-builds-baltic-oil-pipeline-bypass-belarus/article-183101?Ref=RSS</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>"Putin Clears New Baltic Pipeline to Cut Oil Transit". Downstream Today. AFX News Limited. 2008-12-01. Archived from the original on 2012-04-26. Retrieved 2008-12-05. <a href="http://downstreamtoday.com/news/article.aspx?a_id=14008" target="_blank">http://downstreamtoday.com/news/article.aspx?a_id=14008</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>Konończuk, Wojciech (2009-06-17). "The construction of the BPS-2 oil pipeline starts" (PDF). EastWeek (172). Centre for Eastern Studies. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-08-16. Retrieved 2009-06-30. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090816023203/http://osw.waw.pl/files/EastWeek_172.pdf" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20090816023203/http://osw.waw.pl/files/EastWeek_172.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>"Official page of project" (in Russian). Transneft. Archived from the original on 2009-07-26. Retrieved 2009-09-20. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090726173752/http://www.transneft.ru/projects/project/?zpID=8115" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20090726173752/http://www.transneft.ru/projects/project/?zpID=8115</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>