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AVE
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<h2 id="services">Services</h2> <p>As of 2024<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=AVE&action=edit">[update]</a> Renfe offers the following AVE services:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> </p> <ul><li>Alicante–León via Albacete, Cuenca, Madrid Chamartín, Valladolid and Palencia.</li> <li>Alicante–Ourense via Albacete, Cuenca, Madrid Chamartín and Zamora.</li> <li>Barcelona–Granada via Tarragona, Lleida, Zaragoza, Ciudad Real, Puertollano, Córdoba and Antequera.</li> <li>Barcelona–Málaga via Tarragona, Lleida, Zaragoza, Ciudad Real, Córdoba, Puente Genil-Herrera, and Antequera.</li> <li>Barcelona–Seville via Tarragona, Lleida, Zaragoza, Ciudad Real, Puertollano and Córdoba (trains with selective stops are also scheduled).</li> <li>Burgos–Murcia via Valladolid, Segovia, Madrid-Chamartín, Elche and Orihuela.</li> <li>Gijón–Castellón via Oviedo, Mieres Del Camín, La Pola, León, Palencia, Valladolid, Segovia, Madrid-Chamartín, Cuenca, Valencia and Sagunto.</li> <li>Gijón–Vinaros, via Oviedo, Mieres Del Camín, La Pola, León, Palencia, Valladolid, Segovia, Madrid-Chamartín, Cuenca, Valencia, Sagunto, Castellón, Benicàssim, Oropesa del Mar and Benicarló (only in summertime).</li> <li>Huesca–Seville via Tardienta, Zaragoza, Calatayud, Guadalajara, Madrid-Puerta de Atocha and Córdoba</li> <li>Madrid–A Coruña via Zamora, Ourense and Santiago De Compostela.</li> <li>Madrid–Alicante via Cuenca, Albacete, and Villena (non stop trains and trains with selective stops are also scheduled).</li> <li>Madrid–Barcelona via Guadalajara, Calatayud, Zaragoza, Lleida, and Tarragona (non stop trains and trains with selective stops are also scheduled).</li> <li>Madrid–Castellón via Cuenca, Requena-Utiel and Valencia.</li> <li>Madrid–Figueres via Guadalajara, Calatayud, Zaragoza, Lleida, Tarragona, Barcelona and Girona (trains are scheduled with selective stops).</li> <li>Madrid–Gijón via Valladolid, Palencia, León and Oviedo.</li> <li>Madrid–Granada via Ciudad Real, Puertollano, Córdoba, Puente Genil-Herrera, Antequera and Loja (trains with selective stops are also scheduled).</li> <li>Madrid–Huesca via Guadalajara, Calatayud, Zaragoza, and Tardienta.</li> <li>Madrid–León via Segovia, Valladolid and Palencia.</li> <li>Madrid–Málaga via Ciudad Real, Puertollano, Córdoba, Puente Genil-Herrera, and Antequera (non stop trains and trains with selective stops are also scheduled).</li> <li>Madrid–Murcia via Elche and Orihuela (some trains are arriving to Alicante and then reversing towards Murcia).</li> <li>Madrid–Ourense via Zamora.</li> <li>Madrid–Seville via Ciudad Real, Puertollano, and Córdoba (non stop trains and trains with selective stops are also scheduled).</li> <li>Madrid–Valencia via Cuenca and Requena-Utiel (non stop trains are also scheduled).</li> <li>Madrid–Vigo via Zamora, Sanabria, A Gudiña, Ourense, Santiago de Compostela, Vilagarcía de Arousa and Pontevedra (trains with selective stops are also scheduled).</li> <li>Málaga–Murcia via Madrid-Puerta de Atocha, Cuenca, Albacete, Villena, Alicante, Elche and Orihuela.</li> <li>Valencia–Burgos via Requena-Utiel, Cuenca, Madrid Chamartín and Valladolid (trains with selective stops are also scheduled).</li> <li>Valencia–León via Requena-Utiel, Cuenca, Madrid-Chamartín, Segovia, Valladolid and Palencia (trains with selective stops are also scheduled).</li> <li>Valencia–Seville via Cuenca, Ciudad Real, Puertollano, and Córdoba.</li> <li>International:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> <ul><li>Barcelona–Lyon via Girona, Figueres, Perpignan, Narbonne, Montpellier, Nîmes, and Valence.</li> <li>Madrid–Marseille via Guadalajara, Zaragoza, Tarragona, Barcelona, Girona, Figueres, Perpignan, Narbonne, Béziers, Montpellier, Nîmes, Avignon and Aix-en-Provence.</li></ul></li></ul> <p>The central hub of the AVE system is Madrid's <a href="/facts/Madrid_Atocha_railway_station/0UWLH9MG">Puerta de Atocha</a>, except for the <a href="/facts/Madrid%E2%80%93Asturias_high-speed_rail_line/9Tx9TQWm">Madrid–Asturias</a>, Madrid–Burgos, <a href="/facts/Madrid%E2%80%93Galicia_high-speed_rail_line/K66nVENI">Madrid–Galicia</a> and Madrid–Alicante lines as well as the majority of the services on the Madrid-Murcia and Madrid-Valencia lines, that terminate at <a href="/facts/Madrid_Chamart%C3%ADn_railway_station/NVvto6Ld">Chamartín station</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="trains">Trains</h2> <p>Currently, there are several series of high-speed trains that run the AVE service: </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Renfe_Class_100/Tyssaelw">S-100</a>, manufactured by <a href="/facts/Alstom/zBnQu3kz">Alstom</a>, based on the <a href="/facts/TGV/oVuBeLaI">TGV</a> family trains.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Renfe_Class_102/Mezj0WAL">S-102</a>, manufactured by <a href="/facts/Talgo/W2NjdDQ7">Talgo</a> and <a href="/facts/Bombardier_Transportation/UIjWS0Ty">Bombardier</a>, marketed globally as Talgo 350.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Renfe_Class_103/lvpnovw3">S-103</a>, manufactured by <a href="/facts/Siemens/coa80TQn">Siemens</a>, marketed globally under the brand <a href="/facts/Siemens_Velaro/mp623cjs">Siemens Velaro</a>.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Talgo_AVRIL/cQ2bGISt">S-106</a>, manufactured by Talgo, marketed globally as Talgo AVRIL.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Renfe_Class_112/Mezj0WAL">S-112</a>, manufactured by Talgo and Bombardier, an improved version of the S-102 with a different seat layout.</li></ul> <h2 id="passenger-usage">Passenger usage</h2> <p>The still-growing network transported a record 39.0 million passengers in 2024.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> Though the network length is extensive, it lags in ridership behind comparable high-speed rail systems in Japan, France, Germany, China, Taiwan, and Korea. </p> AVE passengers in millions from 2006 to 2024<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a><table><tbody><tr><th rowspan="2">2000s</th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th>2006</th><th>2007</th><th>2008</th><th>2009</th></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>4.878</td><td>5.559</td><td>11.461</td><td>11.250</td></tr><tr><th rowspan="2">2010s</th><th>2010</th><th>2011</th><th>2012</th><th>2013</th><th>2014</th><th>2015</th><th>2016</th><th>2017</th><th>2018</th><th>2019</th></tr><tr><td>10.851</td><td>12.563</td><td>12.101</td><td>14.697</td><td>17.967</td><td>19.428</td><td>20.352</td><td>21.108</td><td>21.332</td><td>22.370</td></tr><tr><th rowspan="2">2020s</th><th>2020</th><th>2021</th><th>2022</th><th>2023</th><th>2024</th><th>2025</th><th>2026</th><th>2027</th><th>2028</th><th>2029</th></tr><tr><td>7.603</td><td>12,282</td><td>23,562</td><td>31,784</td><td>39,019</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table> <h3>Rail infrastructure in Spain and Europe</h3> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Rail_transport_in_Spain/DFDeqyja">Rail transport in Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/High-speed_rail_in_Spain/e0du7CGm">High-speed rail in Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/High-speed_rail_in_Europe/e0du7CGm">High-speed rail in Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Train_categories_in_Europe/WeFnXeuo">Train categories in Europe</a></li></ul> <h2 id="notes">Notes</h2> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> Wikimedia Commons has media related to Alta Velocidad Española. <ul><li><a href="http://www.renfe.com/EN/viajeros/larga_distancia/productos/index.html">AVE (Renfe)</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Spanish pronunciation: [ˈalta βeloθiˈðað espaˈɲola], [ˈaβe] <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Spanish" target="_blank">/wiki/Help:IPA/Spanish</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"Renfe empieza a operar en Francia con un AVE entre Barcelona y Lyon". rtve.es. 13 July 2023. <a href="https://www.rtve.es/noticias/20230713/renfe-empieza-operar-francia-ave-entre-barcelona-lyon-este-jueves/2451868.shtml" target="_blank">https://www.rtve.es/noticias/20230713/renfe-empieza-operar-francia-ave-entre-barcelona-lyon-este-jueves/2451868.shtml</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>"Madrid — Barcelona at 310 km/h with ETCS Level 2". Railway Gazette International. London. 18 October 2011. Retrieved 9 November 2011. <a href="http://www.railwaygazette.com/nc/news/single-view/view/madrid-barcelona-at-310-kmh-with-etcs-level-2.html" target="_blank">http://www.railwaygazette.com/nc/news/single-view/view/madrid-barcelona-at-310-kmh-with-etcs-level-2.html</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>"Velocidades máximas de los trenes y de las líneas" (maximum speeds of the trains and of the lines), last updated on 10 December 2022, accessed on 7 May 2023. <a href="https://www.geotren.es/blog/velocidades-maximas-de-los-trenes-y-de-las-lineas/" target="_blank">https://www.geotren.es/blog/velocidades-maximas-de-los-trenes-y-de-las-lineas/</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>"Renfe". Renfe. Retrieved 7 May 2023. <a href="http://www.renfe.com" target="_blank">http://www.renfe.com</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>"Renfe places AVE (high-speed) tickets on sale in France". Renfe. 21 June 2023. Retrieved 21 August 2023. <a href="https://www.renfe.com/es/en/renfe-group/communication/renfe-today/press-room/renfe-places-ave-high-speed-tickets-sale-france" target="_blank">https://www.renfe.com/es/en/renfe-group/communication/renfe-today/press-room/renfe-places-ave-high-speed-tickets-sale-france</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>"Renfe reorganiza la oferta de los servicios AVE Madrid-Alicante tras el traslado de la cabecera de Puerta de Atocha a Chamartín Clara Campoamor" (in Spanish). Renfe. 19 August 2022. Retrieved 23 August 2022. <a href="https://www.renfe.com/es/es/grupo-renfe/comunicacion/renfe-al-dia/sala-de-prensa/renfe-reorganiza-oferta-servicios-ave-madrid-alicante-tras-traslado-cabecera-puerta-atocha-chamartin-clara-campoamor" target="_blank">https://www.renfe.com/es/es/grupo-renfe/comunicacion/renfe-al-dia/sala-de-prensa/renfe-reorganiza-oferta-servicios-ave-madrid-alicante-tras-traslado-cabecera-puerta-atocha-chamartin-clara-campoamor</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>"El AVE Madrid-Murcia comenzará el servicio comercial el próximo 20 de diciembre". Renfe. 12 December 2022. Retrieved 20 December 2022. <a href="https://www.renfe.com/es/es/grupo-renfe/comunicacion/renfe-al-dia/sala-de-prensa/el-ave-madrid-murcia-comenzara-el-servicio-comercial-el-veinte-de-diciembre" target="_blank">https://www.renfe.com/es/es/grupo-renfe/comunicacion/renfe-al-dia/sala-de-prensa/el-ave-madrid-murcia-comenzara-el-servicio-comercial-el-veinte-de-diciembre</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>"Transport. Total passengers by type, transport means used (ground, air and maritime) and distance". ine.es. Retrieved 10 February 2025. <a href="https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Tabla.htm?t=49359" target="_blank">https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Tabla.htm?t=49359</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>"High Speed: Open access comes to Spain". Railway Gazette International. Retrieved 2024-10-24. <a href="https://www.railwaygazette.com/in-depth/high-speed-open-access-comes-to-spain/56641.article" target="_blank">https://www.railwaygazette.com/in-depth/high-speed-open-access-comes-to-spain/56641.article</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>"Spain: high-speed rail passenger traffic 2022". Statista. Retrieved 2023-12-24. <a href="https://www.statista.com/statistics/1265733/passenger-traffic-high-speed-rail-spain/" target="_blank">https://www.statista.com/statistics/1265733/passenger-traffic-high-speed-rail-spain/</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>"Transport. Total passengers by type, transport means used (ground, air and maritime) and distance". ine.es. Retrieved 10 February 2025. <a href="https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Tabla.htm?t=49359" target="_blank">https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Tabla.htm?t=49359</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>