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Comparison of audio network protocols
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<h2 id="notes">Notes</h2> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"Best Practices in Network Audio" (PDF). Audio Engineering Society. 2009. Retrieved 2014-11-13. <a href="http://www.aes.org/technical/documents/AESTD1003V1.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.aes.org/technical/documents/AESTD1003V1.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>AES47-2006 (r2011): AES standard for digital audio - Digital input-output interfacing - Transmission of digital audio over asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks, Audio Engineering Society <a href="http://www.aes.org/publications/standards/search.cfm?docID=42" target="_blank">http://www.aes.org/publications/standards/search.cfm?docID=42</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Ethernet transport is combined with a proprietary audio clock transport. AES50 and HyperMAC are point-to-point audio connections, but they bridge a limited bandwidth of regular Ethernet for the purpose of control communications. An AES50/HyperMAC router contains a crosspoint matrix (or similar) for audio routing, and an Ethernet switch for control routing. The system topology may therefore follow any valid Ethernet topology, but the audio routers need a priori knowledge of the topology. While there are no limits to the number of AES50 routing devices that can be interconnected, each hop adds another link's worth of latency, and each router device needs to be controlled individually. <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>AES67-2013: AES standard for audio applications of networks - High-performance streaming audio-over-IP interoperability, Audio Engineering Society, 2013-09-11, retrieved 2018-04-15 <a href="http://www.aes.org/publications/standards/search.cfm?docID=96" target="_blank">http://www.aes.org/publications/standards/search.cfm?docID=96</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>AES67 devices are required to implement the 1 ms packet time. Minimum theoretical latency is two times packet time. Typical implementations achieve latencies of three times the packet time. <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Technology retired February 2014[4] <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>The network diameter figure is the largest conceivable network using fiber and 138 Pro64 merger units; derived from maximum allowed response time between control master and furthest slave device. <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Pro64 supports a wide variation range from the nominal sample rate values (e.g., 158.8 kHz - 208 kHz). <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Network redundancy is provided by 802.1 Ethernet: STP, Link aggregation; redundant network connections (DualLink) and redundant devices (BuddyLink) are supported. <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Indicated diameter is for 5+1⁄3 ms latency mode. CobraNet has more stringent design rules for its lower latency modes. Requirements are documented in terms of maximum delay and delay variation. A downloadable CAD tool can be used to validate a network design for a given operating mode. <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>The 84 μs latency value is based on 4 audio samples with this configuration. Note that latency is dependent on topology and bandwidth constraints of the underlying hardware, for example, 800 μs on a 100 Mbit/s Dolby Lake Processor. <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>EtherSound allows channels to be dropped and added at each node along the daisy-chain or ring. Although the number of channels between any two locations is limited to 64, depending on routing requirements, the total number of channels on the network may be significantly higher. <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>EtherSound allows channels to be dropped and added at each node along the daisy-chain or ring. Although the number of channels between any two locations is limited to 512, depending on routing requirements, the total number of channels on the network may be significantly higher. <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>"Media-accelerated Global Information Carrier". Archived from the original on 2010-05-14. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100514202554/http://www.gibson.com/en%2Dus/Divisions/Audio/MaGIC/SPECIFICATIONS/" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20100514202554/http://www.gibson.com/en%2Dus/Divisions/Audio/MaGIC/SPECIFICATIONS/</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>Media-accelerated Global Information Carrier Engineering Specification Revision 3.0c (PDF), archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04 <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304224230/http://archive.gibson.com/files/_audio/magic/magic3_0c.pdf" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20160304224230/http://archive.gibson.com/files/_audio/magic/magic3_0c.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>Network redundancy is provided by 802.1 Ethernet: STP, Link aggregation. <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>Yamaha Utilizes "Firewire" for Audio and MIDI: Reduces Need For Cables, Harmony Central, archived from the original on 2006-01-08 <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060108163616/http://aes.harmony-central.com/Newp/2000/mLAN.html" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20060108163616/http://aes.harmony-central.com/Newp/2000/mLAN.html</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:18"><p>Many mLAN devices have a maximum sampling rate of 96 kHz, but this is a constraint of the stream extraction chips used rather than the core mLAN technology. <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:19"><p>These entries refer to the classic fiber-based Optocore system; no information has yet been obtained regarding the Cat5e version. Confirmation is being sought for the figure of 110 km max distance. <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:20"><p>"Optocore connects everything". Retrieved 2015-12-13. <a href="http://www.optocore.com/index.php/solutions/optocore-platform" target="_blank">http://www.optocore.com/index.php/solutions/optocore-platform</a> <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:21"><p>Latency depends on frame size (packet time), network topology and chosen link offset, with. min. frame size = 1 sample. <a href="#fnref:21" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:22"><p>"ROCKNET – Digital Audio Network". Archived from the original on 2015-12-22. Retrieved 2015-12-13. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151222125643/http://www.riedel.net/en-us/products/signaltransportprocessing/rocknetdigitalaudionetwork/about.aspx" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20151222125643/http://www.riedel.net/en-us/products/signaltransportprocessing/rocknetdigitalaudionetwork/about.aspx</a> <a href="#fnref:22" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:23"><p>Transport is listed for media streaming and control. Ethernet is also for control. <a href="#fnref:23" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:24"><p>UMAN also supports up to 25 channels of H.264 video. <a href="#fnref:24" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:25"><p>Base latency measurement is provided for up to 16 daisy-chained devices. <a href="#fnref:25" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>