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Cluster Lensing and Supernova survey with Hubble
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<h2 id="history">History</h2> <p>As of November 2012, the CLASH has surveyed 20 clusters out of the 25. One of the <a href="/facts/Galaxy_cluster/BhIEgbx8">galaxy clusters</a>, <a href="/facts/MACS_J0647%2B7015/eLWS1dSy">MACS J0647+7015</a> was found to have <a href="/facts/Gravitational_lensing/LmxzvLs8">gravitationally lensed</a> the most distant <a href="/facts/Galaxy/zCyUvEf7">galaxy</a> (<a href="/facts/MACS0647-JD/9LP9RlqN">MACS0647-JD</a>) then ever imaged, in 2012.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> </p><p>In 2013, one study utilizing CLASH data found that <a href="/facts/RX_J1347.5-1145/NdS6tKcx">RX J1347.5-1145</a> had intense gravitational bending of light such that 8 images of the same object were detected.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> (See <a href="/facts/Gravitational_lensing/LmxzvLs8">Gravitational lensing</a>) </p> <h2 id="clusters-under-observation">Clusters under observation</h2> <p>List of clusters is:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> </p> <table><tbody><tr><th><a href="/facts/Galaxy_cluster/BhIEgbx8">Galaxy cluster</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Right_Ascension/z4CEsTFu">Right Ascension</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Declination/5X4S4k9u">Declination</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Redshift/Qfl4VjDF">Redshift</a></th><th>Notes</th></tr><tr><td>Abell 209 (ACO 209)</td><td>01:31:52.57</td><td>-13:36:38.8</td><td>0.206</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Abell_383/zk3ltrvI">Abell 383</a> (ACO 383)</td><td>02:48:03.36</td><td>-03:31:44.7</td><td>0.187</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MACS0329.7-0211</td><td>03:29:41.68</td><td>-02:11:47.7</td><td>0.450</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MACS0429.6-0253</td><td>04:29:36.10</td><td>-02:53:08.0</td><td>0.399</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MACS0744.9+3927</td><td>07:44:52.80</td><td>+39:27:24.4</td><td>0.686</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Abell 611 (ACO 611)</td><td>08:00:56.83</td><td>+36:03:24.1</td><td>0.288</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MACS1115.9+0129</td><td>11:15:52.05</td><td>+01:29:56.6</td><td>0.352</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Abell 1423 (ACO 1423)</td><td>11:57:17.26</td><td>+33:36:37.4</td><td>0.213</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MACS1206.2-0847</td><td>12:06:12.28</td><td>-08:48:02.4</td><td>0.440</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>CLJ1226.9+3332 (ClG J1226.9+3332)</td><td>12:26:58.37</td><td>+33:32:47.4</td><td>0.890</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MACS1311.0-0310</td><td>13:11:01.67</td><td>-03:10:39.5</td><td>0.494</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/RX_J1347.5-1145/NdS6tKcx">RX J1347.5-1145</a></td><td>13:47:30.59</td><td>-11:45:10.1</td><td>0.451</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>MACS1423.8+2404</td><td>14:23:47.76</td><td>+24:04:40.5</td><td>0.545</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>RXJ1532.9+3021</td><td>15:32:53.78</td><td>+30:20:58.7</td><td>0.345</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MACS1720.3+3536</td><td>17:20:16.95</td><td>+35:36:23.6</td><td>0.391</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Abell_2261/uWIMu5Qw">Abell 2261</a> (ACO 2261)</td><td>17:22:27.25</td><td>+32:07:58.6</td><td>0.224</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MACS1931.8-2635</td><td>19:31:49.66</td><td>-26:34:34.0</td><td>0.352</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>RXJ2129.7+0005</td><td>21:29:39.94</td><td>+00:05:18.8</td><td>0.234</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MS2137-2353</td><td>21:40:15.18</td><td>-23:39:40.7</td><td>0.313</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>RXJ2248.7-4431 (Abell 1063S / ACO 1063S)</td><td>22:48:44.29</td><td>-44:31:48.4</td><td>0.348</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/MACS0416.1-2403/pQJF8lrN">MACS0416.1-2403</a></td><td>04:16:09.39</td><td>-24:04:03.9</td><td>0.42</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/MACSJ0647%2B7015/eLWS1dSy">MACS0647.8+7015</a></td><td>06:47:50.03</td><td>+70:14:49.7</td><td>0.584</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/MACS_J0717.5%2B3745/mwDFC3e8">MACS0717.5+3745</a></td><td>07:17:31.65</td><td>+37:45:18.5</td><td>0.548</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MACS1149.6+2223</td><td>11:49:35.86</td><td>+22:23:55.0</td><td>0.544</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MACS2129.4-0741</td><td>21:29:26.06</td><td>-07:41:28.8</td><td>0.570</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="notes">Notes</h2> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"Science Year in Review: Hubble 2011" (PDF). HubbleSite. Space Telescope Science Institute. Retrieved 3 February 2019. <a href="http://hubblesite.org/hubble_discoveries/science_year_in_review/pdf/2011/hubbles_multi_cycle_treasury_programs.pdf" target="_blank">http://hubblesite.org/hubble_discoveries/science_year_in_review/pdf/2011/hubbles_multi_cycle_treasury_programs.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Postman, Marc. "CLASH: An Innovative Survey to Place New Constraints on the Fundamental Components of the Cosmos using the Hubble Space Telescope". Space Telescope Science Institute. Retrieved 3 February 2019. <a href="http://www.stsci.edu/~postman/CLASH/Home.html" target="_blank">http://www.stsci.edu/~postman/CLASH/Home.html</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Postman, Marc. "CLASH: An Innovative Survey to Place New Constraints on the Fundamental Components of the Cosmos using the Hubble Space Telescope". Space Telescope Science Institute. Retrieved 3 February 2019. <a href="http://www.stsci.edu/~postman/CLASH/Home.html" target="_blank">http://www.stsci.edu/~postman/CLASH/Home.html</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Postman, Marc; Coe, Dan; Benítez, Narciso; Bradley, Larry; Broadhurst, Tom; Donahue, Megan; Ford, Holland; Graur, Or; Graves, Genevieve; Jouvel, Stephanie; Koekemoer, Anton; Lemze, Doron; Medezinski, Elinor; Molino, Alberto; Moustakas, Leonidas; Ogaz, Sara; Riess, Adam; Rodney, Steve; Rosati, Piero; Umetsu, Keiichi; Zheng, Wei; Zitrin, Adi; Bartelmann, Matthias; Bouwens, Rychard; Czakon, Nicole; Golwala, Sunil; Host, Ole; Infante, Leopoldo; Jha, Saurabh; Jimenez-Teja, Yolanda; Kelson, Daniel; Lahav, Ofer; Lazkoz, Ruth; Maoz, Dani; McCully, Curtis; Melchior, Peter; Meneghetti, Massimo; Merten, Julian; Moustakas, John; Nonino, Mario; Patel, Brandon; Regös, Enikö; Sayers, Jack; Seitz, Stella; Van der Wel, Arjen (1 April 2012). "The Cluster Lensing and Supernova Survey with Hubble: An Overview". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 199 (2): 25. arXiv:1106.3328. Bibcode:2012ApJS..199...25P. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/199/2/25. S2CID 34368160. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Hubble helps find candidate for most distant object in the Universe yet observed <a href="http://www.spacetelescope.org/news/heic1217/" target="_blank">http://www.spacetelescope.org/news/heic1217/</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>"Scientific Objectives of CLASH". Archived from the original on 2017-02-21. Retrieved 2017-02-21. <a href="http://www.stsci.edu/%7Epostman/CLASH/About.html" target="_blank">http://www.stsci.edu/%7Epostman/CLASH/About.html</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>F. Köhlinger and R.W. Schmidt - Strong lensing in RX J1347.5-1145 revisited (2013) <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1310.0021" target="_blank">https://arxiv.org/abs/1310.0021</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Postman, Marc; Coe, Dan; Benítez, Narciso; Bradley, Larry; Broadhurst, Tom; Donahue, Megan; Ford, Holland; Graur, Or; Graves, Genevieve; Jouvel, Stephanie; Koekemoer, Anton; Lemze, Doron; Medezinski, Elinor; Molino, Alberto; Moustakas, Leonidas; Ogaz, Sara; Riess, Adam; Rodney, Steve; Rosati, Piero; Umetsu, Keiichi; Zheng, Wei; Zitrin, Adi; Bartelmann, Matthias; Bouwens, Rychard; Czakon, Nicole; Golwala, Sunil; Host, Ole; Infante, Leopoldo; Jha, Saurabh; et al. (2012). "The Cluster Lensing and Supernova Survey with Hubble: An Overview". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 199 (2): 25. arXiv:1106.3328. Bibcode:2012ApJS..199...25P. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/199/2/25. S2CID 34368160. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>One of the most X-ray luminous and most massive cluster known, with an X-ray luminosity in excess of 10^45^erg/s. Magellan Spectroscopy of the Galaxy Cluster RX J1347.5-1145: Redshift Estimates for the Gravitationally Lensed Arcs <a href="http://iopscience.iop.org/0004-637X/577/1/133/fulltext/16077.text.html" target="_blank">http://iopscience.iop.org/0004-637X/577/1/133/fulltext/16077.text.html</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>