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Semantic overload
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<h2 id="language-planning">Language planning</h2> <p>Minority languages that spread into new domains frequently suffer from semantic overloading by attempting to adapt existing terms to cover new concepts. One such example from <a href="/facts/Scottish_Gaelic/KMI4MmzJ">Scottish Gaelic</a> is the over-use of the word <i>comhairle</i> (originally "advice, counsel") for concepts such as <i>committee</i>, <i>council</i>, and <i>consultation</i> as exemplified by Donald MacAulay in <i>dh'iarr a' chomhairle comhairle air a’ chomhairle chomhairleachaidh</i>: "The committee sought advice from the consultative council"—a sentence that is opaque in meaning.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Bolinger, Dwight (1971-01-01). "Semantic Overloading: A Restudy of the Verb Remind". Language. 47 (3): 522–547. doi:10.2307/412376. JSTOR 412376. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Aulestia, G. Basque-English Dictionary (1989) University of Nevada Press ISBN 0-87417-126-1 <a href="/wiki/University_of_Nevada,_Reno" target="_blank">/wiki/University_of_Nevada,_Reno</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Berliner, David C. (2005-02-15). "The Abuses of Memory: Reflections on the Memory Boom in Anthropology". Anthropological Quarterly. 78 (1): 197–211. doi:10.1353/anq.2005.0001. ISSN 1534-1518. S2CID 145268110. <a href="https://muse.jhu.edu/article/178196" target="_blank">https://muse.jhu.edu/article/178196</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>McLeod, Wilson Faclair na Pàrlamaid, a critical evaluation (2001) Department of Celtic and Scottish Studies, University of Edinburgh <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>MacAulay, Donald New Gaelic (1986) Scottish Language, 5, 120-25 <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>