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YF-100
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<h2 id="technical-description">Technical Description</h2> <p>The YF-100 is a <a href="/facts/Pump-fed_engine/TAonrVDn">pump-fed</a> oxidizer rich <a href="/facts/Staged_combustion_cycle/eINPGPr5">staged combustion</a> rocket engine. It has adjustable thrust and variable <a href="/facts/Rocket_propellant/IyFhQEA2">mixture ratio</a>. Its preburner burns all the <a href="/facts/LOX/qnI0KDTb">LOX</a> mass flow with a bit of <a href="/facts/Kerosene/DoHPYXKp">kerosene</a> to generate hot gas that powers the single turbine. The turbopump is a single-shaft design, with a single-stage oxygen pump and a dual-stage kerosene pump driven by the same turbine. It also has two low-pressure pumps that prevent <a href="/facts/Cavitation/RFSxKS41">cavitation</a>. This arrangement is very similar to the <a href="/facts/RD-170/DVefcXeK">RD-170</a> design. The engine has a heat exchanger to heat oxygen gas for LOX tank pressurization, and also supplies high-pressure kerosene as hydraulic fluid for the <a href="/facts/Gimbaled_thrust/jhBUYw5V">thrust vector control</a> actuators.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> </p><p>The development required ten years of research, requiring the mastering of 70 key technologies, the development of 50 new materials, and the construction of 61 sets of engines with a combined total of more than 40,000 seconds of ignition time by 2013.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="versions">Versions</h2> <p>At least five different versions are known to exist. </p> <ul><li>YF-100 (single-axis <a href="/facts/Gimbaled_thrust/jhBUYw5V">TVC</a>): Version for the <a href="/facts/Long_March_5/rzP8BRBA">LM-5</a> and <a href="/facts/Long_March_7/GMLr5GN9">LM-7</a> boosters. This version of TVC has a single axis of gimbal.</li> <li>YF-100 (dual-axis TVC): Version for the <a href="/facts/Long_March_7/GMLr5GN9">LM-7</a> core. This version TVC has a dual-axis gimbal.</li> <li>YF-100GBI: A version used on the <a href="/facts/Long_March_6/r6fJMHoo">LM-6</a>. Due to the rocket's single nozzle, a dual-axis gimbal can not control the rocket's roll. Therefore, this version of the engine diverts a portion of the preburner exhaust through two roll control nozzles on opposite sides of the launch vehicle at the expense of losing 0.30% of thrust and 0.79% of <a href="/facts/Specific_impulse/JKGgw2I4">isp</a> while the <a href="/facts/Rocket_propellant/IyFhQEA2">O/F</a> is increased by 0.12%.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a></li> <li>YF-100K: an uprated version of YF-100 used on the first stage cores of the <a href="/facts/Long_March_12/R6FHqGRu">Long March 12</a> and future <a href="/facts/Long_March_10/uIWW37LK">Long March 10</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a></li> <li>YF-100M: similar to the YF-100K but optimized for vacuum operation; a pair of YF-100M's will be used on the second stage of the <a href="/facts/Long_March_10/uIWW37LK">Long March 10</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a></li></ul> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Long_March_5/rzP8BRBA">LM-5</a> – Rocket family that uses the YF-100.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Long_March_6/r6fJMHoo">LM-6</a> – Rocket family that uses the YF-100.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Long_March_7/GMLr5GN9">LM-7</a> – Rocket family that uses the YF-100.</li> <li><a href="/facts/YF-115/jG8tjF0Y">YF-115</a> – Upper stage Chinese rocket engine based on the YF-100 technology.</li> <li><a href="/facts/RD-120/5T8GX3en">RD-120</a> – Soviet rocket engine.</li> <li><a href="/facts/RD-801/bzLLUJJX">RD-801</a> – Ukrainian rocket engine with very similar characteristics.</li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <ul><li><a href="http://mil.news.sina.com.cn/p/2012-10-03/1532702682.html">The Ship Knowledge, issue 11, 2012 (舰船知识2012年第11期)</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"Chinese YF-100 (Russian RD-120) to Power CZ-5". SPACEPAC, The Space Public Affairs Committee. Archived from the original on 2017-10-25. Retrieved 2015-07-02. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171025141442/http://spacepac.org/wp/china/chinese-yf-100-russian-rd-120-to-power-cz-5/" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20171025141442/http://spacepac.org/wp/china/chinese-yf-100-russian-rd-120-to-power-cz-5/</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"Chang Zheng-5 (Long March-5)". SinoDefence. Archived from the original on 2015-07-03. Retrieved 2015-07-02. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150703044121/http://sinodefence.com/rocketry/changzheng-5/" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20150703044121/http://sinodefence.com/rocketry/changzheng-5/</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>"Chang Zheng-6 (Long March-6)". SinoDefence. Retrieved 2015-07-02. <a href="http://sinodefence.com/rocketry/cz-6/" target="_blank">http://sinodefence.com/rocketry/cz-6/</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>"Chang Zheng-7 (Long March-7)". SinoDefence. Retrieved 2015-07-02. <a href="http://sinodefence.com/rocketry/cz-7/" target="_blank">http://sinodefence.com/rocketry/cz-7/</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>"中国新型120吨液氧煤油火箭发动机已经试车成功" [China's new 120 tons of liquid oxygen kerosene rocket engine has been successfully fired] (in Chinese). 2005-11-09. Retrieved 2015-07-02. <a href="http://www.chinanews.com/news/2005/2005-11-09/8/649189.shtml" target="_blank">http://www.chinanews.com/news/2005/2005-11-09/8/649189.shtml</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>"Chang Zheng-5 (Long March-5)". SinoDefence. Archived from the original on 2015-07-03. Retrieved 2015-07-02. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150703044121/http://sinodefence.com/rocketry/changzheng-5/" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20150703044121/http://sinodefence.com/rocketry/changzheng-5/</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Zach Rosenberg (2012-07-30). "China completes longest hot-fire engine test for Long March 5 core stage". Flightglobal - Aviation Connected. Retrieved 2015-07-02. <a href="http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/china-completes-longest-hot-fire-engine-test-for-long-march-5-core-374900/" target="_blank">http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/china-completes-longest-hot-fire-engine-test-for-long-march-5-core-374900/</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>"120吨级液氧煤油发动机项目验收" [120-ton liquid oxygen kerosene engine project acceptance] (in Chinese). CASC. 2012-06-01. Retrieved 2015-07-02. <a href="http://www.spacechina.com/n25/n144/n206/n214/c239970/content.html" target="_blank">http://www.spacechina.com/n25/n144/n206/n214/c239970/content.html</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>"Chang Zheng-5 (Long March-5)". SinoDefence. Archived from the original on 2015-07-03. Retrieved 2015-07-02. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150703044121/http://sinodefence.com/rocketry/changzheng-5/" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20150703044121/http://sinodefence.com/rocketry/changzheng-5/</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>"Chang Zheng-6 (Long March-6)". SinoDefence. Retrieved 2015-07-02. <a href="http://sinodefence.com/rocketry/cz-6/" target="_blank">http://sinodefence.com/rocketry/cz-6/</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>"Chang Zheng-7 (Long March-7)". SinoDefence. Retrieved 2015-07-02. <a href="http://sinodefence.com/rocketry/cz-7/" target="_blank">http://sinodefence.com/rocketry/cz-7/</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>"YF-100". astronautix.com. Retrieved December 11, 2022. <a href="http://www.astronautix.com/y/yf-100.html" target="_blank">http://www.astronautix.com/y/yf-100.html</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>"120吨级液氧煤油发动机项目验收" [120-ton liquid oxygen kerosene engine project acceptance] (in Chinese). CASC. 2012-06-01. Retrieved 2015-07-02. <a href="http://www.spacechina.com/n25/n144/n206/n214/c239970/content.html" target="_blank">http://www.spacechina.com/n25/n144/n206/n214/c239970/content.html</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>ZHANG, Wei-dong; WANG, Dong-bao (2016). 新一代低温液体快速发射运载火箭及其发展 [New Generation Cryogenic Quick Launching Launch Vehicle and Development] (PDF). Aerospace Shanghai (in Chinese) (33). China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House: 1–7. doi:10.19328/j.cnki.1006-1639,2916.S1.001. Retrieved 18 July 2016. <a href="新一代低温液体快速发射运载火箭及其发展" target="_blank">新一代低温液体快速发射运载火箭及其发展</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>Jones, Andrew (17 December 2021). "China's new rocket for crewed moon missions to launch around 2026". SpaceNews. Retrieved 19 December 2021. <a href="https://spacenews.com/chinas-new-rocket-for-crewed-moon-missions-to-launch-around-2026/" target="_blank">https://spacenews.com/chinas-new-rocket-for-crewed-moon-missions-to-launch-around-2026/</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>Jones, Andrew (31 October 2022). "China tests engines for moon mission rocket". SpaceNews. Retrieved 18 May 2024. <a href="https://spacenews.com/china-tests-engines-for-moon-mission-rocket/" target="_blank">https://spacenews.com/china-tests-engines-for-moon-mission-rocket/</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>