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<h2 id="models">Models</h2> <h3>Laptops</h3> <h4>Librem 13, Librem 15 and Librem 14</h4> <p>In 2014, Purism launched a crowdfunding campaign on <a href="/facts/Crowd_Supply/LNFYqqcD">Crowd Supply</a> to fund the creation and production of the Librem 15 laptop,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> conceived as a modern alternative to existing <a href="/facts/Open-source_hardware/UgCHeVsm">open-source hardware</a> laptops, all of which used older hardware.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a> The 15 in the name refers to its 15-inch screen size. The campaign succeeded after extending the original campaign,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> and the laptops were shipped to backers.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a> In a second revision of the laptop, hardware kill switches for the camera, microphone, <a href="/facts/Wi-Fi/u94quCsx">Wi-Fi</a>, and <a href="/facts/Bluetooth/sWAjpMrj">Bluetooth</a> were added. </p><p>After the successful launch of the Librem 15, Purism created another campaign on <a href="/facts/Crowd_Supply/LNFYqqcD">Crowd Supply</a> for a 13-inch laptop called the Librem 13,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a> which also came with hardware kill switches similar to those on the Librem 15v2.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a> The campaign was again successful and the laptops were shipped to customers.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a> </p><p>Purism announced in December 2016 that it would start shipping from inventory rather than <a href="/facts/Build_to_order/qj66P6SC">building to order</a> with the new batches of Librem 15 and 13.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a> </p><p>As of January 2023<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Librem&action=edit">[update]</a>, Purism has one laptop model in production, the Librem 14.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a> </p> <h4>Comparison of laptops</h4> <table><tbody><tr><th>Librem model</th><th><a href="/facts/Coreboot/GIeazmzw">Coreboot</a> version</th><th><a href="/facts/CPU/Jxp1bqMV">CPU</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Intel_Management_Engine/4fwrBrGe">Intel ME</a></th><th>Release</th><th>Max <a href="/facts/Random-access_memory/DuD4bxh6">RAM</a> (GB)</th></tr><tr><td>15 v1<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a></td><td></td><td>Intel Core i7 5557U</td><td>Enabled</td><td>July 2015</td><td>32</td></tr><tr><td>13 v1<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a></td><td>4.21 (2023)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a></td><td>Intel Core i5 5200U</td><td>Enabled</td><td>September 2015</td><td>16</td></tr><tr><td>15 v2<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a></td><td>4.21 (2023)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26"><sup>26</sup></a></td><td>Intel Core i7-5557U</td><td>Enabled</td><td>September 2015</td><td>32</td></tr><tr><td>13 v2<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27"><sup>27</sup></a></td><td>4.21 (2023)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28"><sup>28</sup></a></td><td>Intel Core i5 6200U</td><td>Disabled</td><td>June 14, 2017</td><td>16</td></tr><tr><td>15 v3<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29"><sup>29</sup></a></td><td>4.21 (2023)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30"><sup>30</sup></a></td><td>Intel Core i7 6500U</td><td>Disabled</td><td>June 28, 2017</td><td>32</td></tr><tr><td>13 v3<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31"><sup>31</sup></a></td><td>4.6 (2017)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32"><sup>32</sup></a></td><td>Intel Core i7 6500U</td><td>Disabled</td><td>October 2017</td><td>16</td></tr><tr><td>15 v4</td><td>4.21 (2023)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33"><sup>33</sup></a></td><td>Intel Core i7 7500U</td><td>Disabled<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:34" href="#fn:34"><sup>34</sup></a></td><td>January 2019</td><td>32</td></tr><tr><td>13 v4<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:35" href="#fn:35"><sup>35</sup></a></td><td>4.21 (2023)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:36" href="#fn:36"><sup>36</sup></a></td><td>Intel Core i7 7500U</td><td>Disabled<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:37" href="#fn:37"><sup>37</sup></a></td><td>January 2019</td><td>16</td></tr><tr><td>14 v1<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:38" href="#fn:38"><sup>38</sup></a></td><td>4.21 (2023)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:39" href="#fn:39"><sup>39</sup></a></td><td>Intel Core i7 10710U</td><td>Disabled (but not "neutralized")<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:40" href="#fn:40"><sup>40</sup></a>[<i>unreliable source</i>]</td><td>early Q4 2020</td><td>64</td></tr></tbody></table> <h3>Librem Mini</h3> <p>The Librem Mini is a <a href="/facts/Small_form_factor_(desktop_and_motherboard)/HmzVBWJH">small form factor</a> <a href="/facts/Desktop_computer/edFPINdK">desktop computer</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:41" href="#fn:41"><sup>41</sup></a> which began shipping in June 2020.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:42" href="#fn:42"><sup>42</sup></a> </p> <table><tbody><tr><th>Librem model</th><th><a href="/facts/Coreboot/GIeazmzw">Coreboot</a> version</th><th><a href="/facts/CPU/Jxp1bqMV">CPU</a></th><th><a href="/facts/Intel_Management_Engine/4fwrBrGe">Intel ME</a></th><th>Release</th><th>Max <a href="/facts/Random-access_memory/DuD4bxh6">RAM</a> (GB)</th></tr><tr><td>Mini V1</td><td>4.21 (2023)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:43" href="#fn:43"><sup>43</sup></a></td><td>Intel Core i7-8565U</td><td>Disabled (but not "neutralized")<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:44" href="#fn:44"><sup>44</sup></a>[<i>unreliable source</i>]</td><td>March 2020<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:45" href="#fn:45"><sup>45</sup></a></td><td>64</td></tr><tr><td>Mini V2</td><td>4.21 (2023)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:46" href="#fn:46"><sup>46</sup></a></td><td>Intel Core i7-10510U</td><td>Disabled (but not "neutralized")<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:47" href="#fn:47"><sup>47</sup></a>[<i>unreliable source</i>]</td><td>November 2020<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:48" href="#fn:48"><sup>48</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:49" href="#fn:49"><sup>49</sup></a></td><td>64</td></tr></tbody></table> <h3>Librem 5</h3> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Librem_5/D7LQgFWp">Librem 5</a></p> <p>On August 24, 2017, Purism started a crowdfunding campaign for the <i>Librem 5</i>, a <a href="/facts/Smartphone/cSIrBMWG">smartphone</a> aimed to run 100% <a href="/facts/Free_software/IaoVtJXn">free software</a>, which would "[focus] on security by design and privacy protection by default". Purism claimed that the phone would become "the world's first ever IP-native mobile handset, using end-to-end encrypted decentralized communication."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:50" href="#fn:50"><sup>50</sup></a> Purism cooperated with <a href="/facts/KDE/PCh32IWA">KDE</a> and <a href="/facts/GNOME/EFMNBmpR">GNOME</a> in its development of Librem 5.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:51" href="#fn:51"><sup>51</sup></a> </p><p>Security features of the Librem 5 include separation of the <a href="/facts/Central_processing_unit/Jxp1bqMV">CPU</a> from the <a href="/facts/Baseband_processor/R0TgKqu7">baseband processor</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:52" href="#fn:52"><sup>52</sup></a> which, according to <i><a href="/facts/Linux_Magazine/AXjr61g0">Linux Magazine</a></i>, makes the Librem 5 unique in comparison to other mobile phones.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:53" href="#fn:53"><sup>53</sup></a> The Librem 5 also features hardware <a href="/facts/Kill_switch/oymcV71g">kill switches</a> for <a href="/facts/Wi-Fi/u94quCsx">Wi-Fi</a> and <a href="/facts/Bluetooth/sWAjpMrj">Bluetooth</a> communication and the phone's <a href="/facts/Camera/j4uqsfJQ">camera</a>, <a href="/facts/Microphone/7YWGlXCl">microphone</a>, and baseband processor.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:54" href="#fn:54"><sup>54</sup></a> </p><p>The default operating system for the Librem 5 is Purism's <a href="/facts/PureOS/rXGubgcc">PureOS</a>, a <a href="/facts/Debian/cBd93qfJ">Debian</a> derivative. The operating system uses a new user interface called <a href="/facts/Phosh/D7LQgFWp">Phosh</a>, based on <a href="/facts/Wayland_(protocol)/I9I1TbEG">Wayland</a>, wlroots, <a href="/facts/GTK/oLpVm9pp">GTK</a> and <a href="/facts/GNOME/EFMNBmpR">GNOME</a> middleware.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:55" href="#fn:55"><sup>55</sup></a> It is planned that Phosh/<a href="/facts/KDE_Plasma_5/ao7x6z7s">Plasma Mobile</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:56" href="#fn:56"><sup>56</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Ubuntu_Touch/Wat4drUo">Ubuntu Touch</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:57" href="#fn:57"><sup>57</sup></a> and <a href="/facts/PostmarketOS/8l5V9M3C">postmarketOS</a> can also be installed on the phone. </p><p>The release of the Librem 5 has been postponed several times. In September 2018, Purism announced that the launch date of Librem 5 would be moved from January to April 2019, because of two hardware bugs and the holiday season in Europe and North America.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:58" href="#fn:58"><sup>58</sup></a> The Librem 5's DevKits for software developers were shipped in December 2018. The launch date was later postponed to the third quarter because of the necessity of further CPU tests.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:59" href="#fn:59"><sup>59</sup></a> On September 24, 2019, Purism announced that the first batch of Librem 5 phones had started shipping.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:60" href="#fn:60"><sup>60</sup></a> The finished version of the Librem 5, known as "Evergreen", was finally shipped on November 18, 2020.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:61" href="#fn:61"><sup>61</sup></a> </p> <h3>Librem Server</h3> <p>The Librem server is a <a href="/facts/Rack_mounted/yFvLAnBg">rack mounted</a> <a href="/facts/Server_(computing)/dEaYFD7r">server</a>, released to the public in December 2019.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:62" href="#fn:62"><sup>62</sup></a> </p> <h3>Librem Key</h3> <p>Announced on 20 September 2018, the Librem Key is a hardware USB <a href="/facts/Security_token/0V55fErB">security token</a> with multiple features, including integration with a tamper-evident Heads BIOS, which ensures that the Librem laptop Basic Input/Output System (<a href="/facts/BIOS/AYYPUogS">BIOS</a>) was not maliciously altered since the last laptop launch.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:63" href="#fn:63"><sup>63</sup></a> The Librem Key also features one-time password storage with 3x <a href="/facts/HMAC-based_One-time_Password_algorithm/pd25nUTw">HMAC-based One-time Password algorithm</a> (HOTP) (RFC 4226) and 15 x <a href="/facts/Time-based_One-time_Password_algorithm/C2SCYbGe">Time-based One-time Password algorithm</a> (TOTP) (RFC 6238) and an integrated password manager (16 entries), 40 kbit/s true random number generator, and a tamper-resistant smart card. The key supports type A USB 2.0, has dimensions of 48 x 19 x 7 mm, and weighs 6 g.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:64" href="#fn:64"><sup>64</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="operating-system">Operating system</h2> <p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/PureOS/rXGubgcc">PureOS</a></p> <p>Initially planning to preload its Librem laptops with the <a href="/facts/Trisquel/azgaRbbz">Trisquel</a> operating system,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:65" href="#fn:65"><sup>65</sup></a> Purism eventually moved off the Trisquel platform to <a href="/facts/Debian/cBd93qfJ">Debian</a> for the 2.0 release of its <a href="/facts/PureOS/rXGubgcc">PureOS</a> <a href="/facts/Linux/9FvCKSTq">Linux</a> operating system.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:66" href="#fn:66"><sup>66</sup></a> As an alternative to PureOS, Librem laptops are purchasable with <a href="/facts/Qubes_OS/BayvHVym">Qubes OS</a> preinstalled.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:67" href="#fn:67"><sup>67</sup></a> In December 2017, the <a href="/facts/Free_Software_Foundation/k0sBmw7y">Free Software Foundation</a> added PureOS to its list of endorsed GNU/Linux distributions.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:68" href="#fn:68"><sup>68</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:69" href="#fn:69"><sup>69</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="bios">BIOS</h2> <p>In 2015, Purism began research to port the Librem 13 to <a href="/facts/Coreboot/GIeazmzw">coreboot</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:70" href="#fn:70"><sup>70</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:71" href="#fn:71"><sup>71</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:72" href="#fn:72"><sup>72</sup></a> but the effort was initially stalled. By the end of the year, a coreboot developer completed an initial port of the Librem 13 and submitted it for review.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:73" href="#fn:73"><sup>73</sup></a> In December 2016, hardware enablement developer Youness Alaoui joined Purism and was tasked to complete the coreboot port for the original Librem 13 and prepare a port for the second revision of the device.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:74" href="#fn:74"><sup>74</sup></a> Since summer 2017, new Librem laptops are shipped with coreboot as their standard BIOS, and updates are available for all older models.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:75" href="#fn:75"><sup>75</sup></a> </p><p>Purism calls a collection of these six components, involved in the boot process, as PureBoot:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:76" href="#fn:76"><sup>76</sup></a> </p> <ol><li>Neutralized and disabled <a href="/facts/Intel_Management_Engine/4fwrBrGe">Intel Management Engine</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:77" href="#fn:77"><sup>77</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Coreboot/GIeazmzw">coreboot</a></li> <li>A <a href="/facts/Trusted_Platform_Module/3XHCGYkX">Trusted Platform Module</a> (TPM) chip</li> <li>Heads, which has tamper-evident features to detect when the BIOS or important boot files have been modified<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:78" href="#fn:78"><sup>78</sup></a></li> <li>Librem Key, Purism's USB security token</li> <li>Multi-factor authentication that unlocks disk encryption using the Librem Key</li></ol> <p>PureBoot protects the users from various attacks like theft, BIOS malware and kernel rootkits, vulnerabilities and malicious code in the Intel Management Engine, and <a href="/facts/Interdiction/J7SPv8Kw">interdiction</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:79" href="#fn:79"><sup>79</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul> <li>Free and open-source software portal</li><li>Manufacturing portal</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Linux_adoption/j8vjzQYz">Linux adoption</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/System76/mD3Imnjs">System76</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Pine64/LmLKlRtq">Pine64</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Coreboot/GIeazmzw">Coreboot</a></li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <ul><li><a href="https://puri.sm/products/librem-5/">Official website</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Miller, Paul; Krales, Amelia Holowaty (2017-08-23). "Librem 13 laptop review: physical security for the paranoid". The Verge. Archived from the original on 2018-10-21. Retrieved 2018-08-28. <a href="https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2017/8/23/16163906/librem-13-linux-laptop-review-security-kill-switches" target="_blank">https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2017/8/23/16163906/librem-13-linux-laptop-review-security-kill-switches</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Wallen, Jack (2018-03-26). "Purism Librem 13 review: This Linux-based laptop takes your privacy to the next level". TechRepublic. Archived from the original on 2018-09-25. Retrieved 2018-08-28. <a href="https://www.techrepublic.com/article/purism-librem-13-review-this-linux-based-laptop-takes-your-privacy-to-the-next-level/" target="_blank">https://www.techrepublic.com/article/purism-librem-13-review-this-linux-based-laptop-takes-your-privacy-to-the-next-level/</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Kyle Rankin. "Purism Librem 15 Review". Linux Journal. Retrieved 6 December 2016. <a href="http://www.linuxjournal.com/content/purism-librem-15-review" target="_blank">http://www.linuxjournal.com/content/purism-librem-15-review</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>IEEE Consumer Electronics, Vol 5, Number 1, 2016 January, "Veillance Integrity by Design A new mantra for CE devices and services", pp. 33-143, By Steve Mann <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Bridgwater, Adrian (2015-01-26). "Purism Librem: 100% open source crowdsourced 'high-end' laptop". Computer Weekly. Retrieved 2017-04-15. <a href="http://www.computerweekly.com/blog/Open-Source-Insider/Purism-Librem-100-open-source-crowdsourced-high-end-laptop" target="_blank">http://www.computerweekly.com/blog/Open-Source-Insider/Purism-Librem-100-open-source-crowdsourced-high-end-laptop</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Armasu, Lucian (2016-08-29). "Purism Explains Why It Avoids Intel's AMT And Networking Cards For Its Privacy-Focused 'Librem' Notebooks". Tom's Hardware. Retrieved 2017-04-15. <a href="http://www.tomshardware.com/news/purism-notebooks-avoid-intel-amt,32576.html" target="_blank">http://www.tomshardware.com/news/purism-notebooks-avoid-intel-amt,32576.html</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Ung, Gordon. "Purism discovered how to make open-source software laptops even more open". PCWorld. Retrieved 2017-04-15. <a href="http://www.pcworld.com/article/2860446/this-freedom-loving-laptop-discovered-how-to-make-intel-cpus-boot-without-closed-firmware.html" target="_blank">http://www.pcworld.com/article/2860446/this-freedom-loving-laptop-discovered-how-to-make-intel-cpus-boot-without-closed-firmware.html</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Armasu, Lucian (2017-04-12). "Purism Laptops To Use 'Heads' Firmware To Protect Against Rootkits, Tampering". Tom's Hardware. Archived from the original on 2017-04-14. Retrieved 2017-04-15. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170414051850/http://www.tomshardware.co.uk/purism-heads-rootkit-tampering-protection,news-55333.html" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20170414051850/http://www.tomshardware.co.uk/purism-heads-rootkit-tampering-protection,news-55333.html</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Miller, Paul; Krales, Amelia Holowaty (2017-08-23). "Librem 13 laptop review: physical security for the paranoid". The Verge. Archived from the original on 2018-10-21. Retrieved 2018-08-28. <a href="https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2017/8/23/16163906/librem-13-linux-laptop-review-security-kill-switches" target="_blank">https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2017/8/23/16163906/librem-13-linux-laptop-review-security-kill-switches</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Wallen, Jack (2018-03-26). "Purism Librem 13 review: This Linux-based laptop takes your privacy to the next level". TechRepublic. Archived from the original on 2018-09-25. Retrieved 2018-08-28. <a href="https://www.techrepublic.com/article/purism-librem-13-review-this-linux-based-laptop-takes-your-privacy-to-the-next-level/" target="_blank">https://www.techrepublic.com/article/purism-librem-13-review-this-linux-based-laptop-takes-your-privacy-to-the-next-level/</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>"Librem 15: A Laptop That Respects Your Rights". Crowd Supply. Retrieved 2018-10-25. <a href="https://www.crowdsupply.com/purism/librem-15" target="_blank">https://www.crowdsupply.com/purism/librem-15</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>"Purism Librem 15". Linux Journal. 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