Menu
Home
People
Places
Arts
History
Plants & Animals
Science
Life & Culture
Technology
Reference.org
Koutalisaurus
open-in-new
<h2 id="discovery-and-naming">Discovery and naming</h2> <p>The holotype dentary, IPS SRA 27, had previously been referred to <i><a href="/facts/Pararhabdodon/v9jQkw2x">Pararhabdodon</a></i> in 1999,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a> but comes from a different locality, is based on non-comparable material, and has unusual characteristics, leading Prieto-Marquez <i>et al.</i> (2006) to place the dentary in the new species <i>Koutalisaurus kohleorum</i>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a> <i>Koutalisaurus</i> was later found to be an invalid <i>nomen dubium</i>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> although later studies do not reflect this hypothesis and still classify <i>Koutalisaurus</i> as a valid <a href="/facts/Genus/m8EFjSms">genus</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> </p><p>In 2007, a poster presentation and abstract at a conference suggested many of the hadrosaur specimens found at the <a href="/facts/Basturs_Poble_bonebed/UxxeDLaT">Basturs Poble bonebed</a> may have belonged to <i>Koutalisaurus</i>, but they cautioned an adult dentary from the bonebed would need to be discovered to test the hypothesis.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> This idea was later rejected after the Basturs Poble remains were reclassified as belonging to <a href="/facts/Lambeosaurinae/spWvHLLV">lambeosaurines</a> such as <i><a href="/facts/Adynomosaurus/6Qn7Wh5q">Adynomosaurus</a></i> and <i><a href="/facts/Cf./hdmpMAfU">cf.</a></i> <i>Pararhabdodon</i>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="description">Description</h2> <p>The dentary is very elongate, and has a long <a href="/facts/Edentulous/Wd4RET6K">toothless</a> portion (the front of the jaw, including the end where the <a href="/facts/Predentary/g1SAFJvB">predentary</a> would have been attached) that is bent steeply downward and inward, which would have given the jaw a spoon-like shape when complete. It is comparable in size, although on the small side and with unusual proportions (see above), compared to dentaries from other hadrosaurids.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="classification">Classification</h2> <p>Prieto-Marquez <i>et al.</i> (2006) found the animal to be a hadrosaurid, but of uncertain placement within the family.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> More recent work by Prieto-Marquez and Wagner suggests that it is the same as <i>Pararhabdodon</i> as originally thought.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> </p><p>A 2020 study by Nick Longrich and colleagues describing the genus <i><a href="/facts/Ajnabia/SAPRwSmh">Ajnabia</a></i> found <i>Koutalisaurus</i> to be an arenysaurin. The cladogram from their study's phylogenetic analysis is shown below:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> </p> <table><tbody><tr><td><a href="/facts/Hadrosauridae/v4t7JSPB">Hadrosauridae</a></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><a href="/facts/Saurolophinae/6bjxGDg9">Saurolophinae</a></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Lambeosaurinae/spWvHLLV">Lambeosaurinae</a></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><i><a href="/facts/Aralosaurus/6dMat6tb">Aralosaurus</a></i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><i><a href="/facts/Jaxartosaurus/v0VaBtRB">Jaxartosaurus</a></i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><i><a href="/facts/Nipponosaurus/JSIEYDTN">Nipponosaurus</a></i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><i><a href="/facts/Tsintaosaurus/en5mf2VB">Tsintaosaurus</a></i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td><a href="/facts/Arenysaurini/3NlqX0Bo">Arenysaurini</a></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><i><a href="/facts/Arenysaurus/frm1Yr6N">Arenysaurus</a></i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><i><a href="/facts/Pararhabdodon/v9jQkw2x">Pararhabdodon</a></i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><i>Koutalisaurus</i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><a href="/facts/Basturs_Poble_bonebed/UxxeDLaT">Basturs lambeosaurine</a></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><i><a href="/facts/Canardia/dqnSsbxQ">Canardia</a></i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><i><a href="/facts/Adynomosaurus/6Qn7Wh5q">Adynomosaurus</a></i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p>Serrat del Rostiar lambeosaurine</p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><i><a href="/facts/Blasisaurus/lSTfLE7C">Blasisaurus</a></i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><i><a href="/facts/Ajnabia/SAPRwSmh">Ajnabia</a></i></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><a href="/facts/Parasaurolophini/lxzjzVgS">Parasaurolophini</a></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td rowspan="2"><p><a href="/facts/Lambeosaurini/CQEStaUV">Lambeosaurini</a></p></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul> <li>Dinosaurs portal</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Timeline_of_hadrosaur_research/ySp5nSr3">Timeline of hadrosaur research</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Casanovas, M.L, Pereda-Suberbiola, X., Santafé, J.V., and Weishampel, D.B. (1999). First lambeosaurine hadrosaurid from Europe: palaeobiogeographical implications. Geological Magazine 136(2):205-211. <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Prieto-Marquez, A., Gaete, R., Rivas, G., Galobart, Á., and Boada, M. (2006). Hadrosauroid dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of Spain: Pararhabdodon isonensis revisited and Koutalisaurus kohlerorum, gen. et sp. nov. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26(4): 929-943. <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Prieto-Márquez, A.; Dalla Vecchia, F. M.; Gaete, R.; Galobart, À. (2013). "Diversity, Relationships, and Biogeography of the Lambeosaurine Dinosaurs from the European Archipelago, with Description of the New Aralosaurin Canardia garonnensis" (PDF). PLOS ONE. 8 (7): e69835. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...869835P. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0069835. PMC 3724916. PMID 23922815. <a href="https://ddd.uab.cat/pub/artpub/2013/194837/PlosOne_a2013v8n7pe69835ieng.pdf" target="_blank">https://ddd.uab.cat/pub/artpub/2013/194837/PlosOne_a2013v8n7pe69835ieng.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Longrich, Nicholas R.; Suberbiola, Xabier Pereda; Pyron, R. Alexander; Jalil, Nour-Eddine (2020). "The first duckbill dinosaur (Hadrosauridae: Lambeosaurinae) from Africa and the role of oceanic dispersal in dinosaur biogeography". Cretaceous Research. 120: 104678. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2020.104678. S2CID 228807024. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.cretres.2020.104678" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.cretres.2020.104678</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Prieto-Márquez A, Gaete R, Galobart A, Riera V. (2007). New data on European Hadrosauridae (Dinosauria: Ornithopoda) from the latest Cretaceous of Spain. J Vertebr Paleontol. 27(3): 131A. <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Prieto-Márquez, A.; Dalla Vecchia, F. M.; Gaete, R.; Galobart, À. (2013). "Diversity, Relationships, and Biogeography of the Lambeosaurine Dinosaurs from the European Archipelago, with Description of the New Aralosaurin Canardia garonnensis" (PDF). PLOS ONE. 8 (7): e69835. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...869835P. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0069835. PMC 3724916. PMID 23922815. <a href="https://ddd.uab.cat/pub/artpub/2013/194837/PlosOne_a2013v8n7pe69835ieng.pdf" target="_blank">https://ddd.uab.cat/pub/artpub/2013/194837/PlosOne_a2013v8n7pe69835ieng.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Fondevilla, V.; Dalla Vecchia, F. M.; Gaete, R.; Galobart, À.; Moncunill-Solé, B.; Köhler, M. (2018). "Ontogeny and taxonomy of the hadrosaur (Dinosauria, Ornithopoda) remains from Basturs Poble bonebed (late early Maastrichtian, Tremp Syncline, Spain)". PLOS ONE. 13 (10): e0206287. Bibcode:2018PLoSO..1306287F. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0206287. PMC 6209292. PMID 30379888. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6209292" target="_blank">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6209292</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Prieto-Márquez, Albert; Fondevilla, Víctor; Sellés, Albert G.; Wagner, Jonathan R.; Galobart; Àngel (2019). "Adynomosaurus arcanus, a new lambeosaurine dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous Ibero-Armorican Island of the European Archipelago". Cretaceous Research. 96: 19–37. Bibcode:2019CrRes..96...19P. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2018.12.002. S2CID 134582286. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Prieto-Marquez, A., Gaete, R., Rivas, G., Galobart, Á., and Boada, M. (2006). Hadrosauroid dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of Spain: Pararhabdodon isonensis revisited and Koutalisaurus kohlerorum, gen. et sp. nov. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26(4): 929-943. <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Prieto-Marquez, A., Gaete, R., Rivas, G., Galobart, Á., and Boada, M. (2006). Hadrosauroid dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of Spain: Pararhabdodon isonensis revisited and Koutalisaurus kohlerorum, gen. et sp. nov. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26(4): 929-943. <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Prieto-Márquez, A.; Wagner, J.R. (2009). "Pararhabdodon isonensis and Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus: a new clade of lambeosaurine hadrosaurids from Eurasia". Cretaceous Research. online. preprint (5): 1238. Bibcode:2009CrRes..30.1238P. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2009.06.005. hdl:2152/41080. S2CID 85081036. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Longrich, Nicholas R.; Suberbiola, Xabier Pereda; Pyron, R. Alexander; Jalil, Nour-Eddine (2020). "The first duckbill dinosaur (Hadrosauridae: Lambeosaurinae) from Africa and the role of oceanic dispersal in dinosaur biogeography". Cretaceous Research. 120: 104678. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2020.104678. S2CID 228807024. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.cretres.2020.104678" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.cretres.2020.104678</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>