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<h2 id="functionality-beyond-syntax-highlighting">Functionality beyond syntax highlighting</h2> <p>An XML editor goes beyond the syntax highlighting offered by many plaintext editors and generic source code editors, verifying the XML source based on an <a href="/facts/XML_schema/uWam66Rj">XML schema</a> or XML DTD, and some can do it as the document is being edited in real time.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a> Other features of an editor designed specifically for editing XML might include element word completion and automatic appending of a closing tag whenever an opening tag is entered. These features can help to prevent typographically originating errors in the XML code. Some XML editors provide for the ability to run an <a href="/facts/XSLT/0gw4WVyJ">XSLT</a> transform, or series of transforms, over a document. Some of the larger XML packages even offer XSLT debugging features and <a href="/facts/XSL-FO/zknLahV3">XSL-FO</a> processors for generation of <a href="/facts/PDF/C9Mn1vYL">PDF</a> files from documents. </p> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <TrackedItemsList> <FlowRecipeID Value="TestPP.BND"/> <MaterialID Value="54321"/> </TrackedItemsList> <h2 id="graphical-editors">Graphical editors</h2> <p>Graphical editors based on GUIs may be easier for some people to use than text editors, and may not require knowledge of XML syntax. These are often called <a href="/facts/WYSIWYG/aGmcHWpX">WYSIWYG</a> ("What You See Is What You Get") editors, but not all of them are WYSIWYG: graphical XML editors can be WYSIWYG when they try to display the final rendering or <a href="/facts/WYSIWYM/zp81p8V5">WYSIWYM</a> ("What You See Is What You Mean") when they try to display the actual meaning of XML elements. When they are not WYSIWYG, they do not display the (or one of the) graphical end result of a document, but instead focus on conveying the meaning of the text. They use DTDs or XML schemas and/or configuration files to map XML elements to graphical components. </p><p>These kinds of editors are generally more useful for XML languages for data rather than for storing documents. Documents tend to be fairly free-form in structure, which tends to defy the generally rigid nature of many graphical editors. </p><p>In the above example, the editor is using a configuration file to know that the TABLE element represents a table, the TR element represents a row of the table, and the TD element represents a cell of the table. It is using this information to display the table based on this structuring information, in order to make editing easier. </p><p>Schema and configuration files information can also be used to ensure that users do not create invalid documents. For instance, in a text editor, it is possible to create a row with too many cells in the table, while this would not be possible with the above graphical user interface. </p> <h2 id="wysiwyg-editors">WYSIWYG editors</h2> <p>WYSIWYG editors let people edit files directly with the tags represented by some form of graphical viewing rather than bare XML code. Often, WYSIWYG editors attempt to emulate the result of some transform or <a href="/facts/CSS/tA90XBQo">CSS</a> stylesheet application. This emulation may or may not be possible, depending on the transformation from XML into the result. </p><p>Naive use of a WYSIWYG editor can lead to the creation of documents that do not have the intrinsic semantics of the particular XML language. This comes about if the user is focused on trying to achieve a certain visual presentation with the editor, rather than using the WYSIWYG to make editing the document easier. For instance, someone creating a <a href="/facts/Web_page/5JK7xQLe">web page</a> could use an H2 element (meaning: second level title) instead of H1 (meaning: first level title) because it looks smaller on their current WYSIWYG editor. Such an author is making a choice based on the apparent visual representation, but a visitor to the author's web page can offer a very different rendering in their <a href="/facts/Web_browser/2pfyymLs">browser</a>. </p><p>However, as long as the underlying meaning of the document is understood by the author, and the author does not make decisions based on the exact look in the WYSIWYG editor, such an editor can be of value to the writer. It is generally much easier to read a document that is being rendered in some fashion than it is to read the raw XML code. Also, editing can be much more intuitive, as the WYSIWYG editor can use tools similar to many word processing applications. Some WYSIWYG editors even allow the user to use a DTD or Schema and define their own user interface for editing. </p><p>Usually WYSIWYG editors support CSS but not XSLT, because XSLT transformations can be very complex, and guessing what the user meant when changing the result can be impossible. The WYSIWYG editors that do support XSLT, such as Syntext Serna, will therefore apply changes directly to the original XML, while updating the view by running the XSLT for every change. </p><p>In the above example, a stylesheet is used to color table cells in a particular way. For instance, even rows do not have the same background color as odd rows, in order to make reading easier. </p> <h2 id="application-domains">Application domains</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Computer_programming/QmSsFnu0">Computer programming</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Technical_editing/rvWSAjD0">Technical editing</a></li></ul> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Comparison_of_XML_editors/7j4DJ6Xk">Comparison of XML editors</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Authoring_system/ykrhuQeP">Authoring system</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Editing/rvWSAjD0">Editing</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Source_code_editor/D0hecHMt">Source code editor</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Machine-Readable_Documents/qMdajyJA">Machine-Readable Documents</a></li></ul> Edited formats <ul><li><a href="/facts/XML/clNgUfWk">XML</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Darwin_Information_Typing_Architecture/mTDd9vU3">Darwin Information Typing Architecture</a> (DITA)</li> <li><a href="/facts/DocBook/8RpRVfCQ">DocBook</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Strategy_Markup_Language/kswCmVn1">Strategy Markup Language</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Goldberg, Kevin Howard (2008-01-01). "8". XML: Visual QuickStart Guide (2nd ed.). Peachpit. p. 110. ISBN 978-0321559678. <a href="978-0321559678" target="_blank">978-0321559678</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>