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Hobe Sound, Florida
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<h2 id="geography">Geography</h2> <p>Hobe Sound is located in southeastern Martin County at <a href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Hobe_Sound,_Florida¶ms=27.076737_N_80.142076_W_type:city_region:US">27°04′36″N 80°08′31″W / 27.076737°N 80.142076°W / 27.076737; -80.142076</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a> It is an <a href="/facts/Exurban/je7BXVg7">exurban</a> area near the <a href="/facts/Atlantic_Ocean/EI4uChIb">Atlantic Ocean</a>, approximately 25 miles (40 km) north of <a href="/facts/West_Palm_Beach,_Florida/dosDAoz0">West Palm Beach</a> and 12 miles (19 km) southeast of <a href="/facts/Stuart,_Florida/geVl2Pu1">Stuart</a>. It stretches along the coast between <a href="/facts/Port_Salerno/bLDC76zr">Port Salerno</a> to the north and <a href="/facts/Jonathan_Dickinson_State_Park/8IH8odfC">Jonathan Dickinson State Park</a> to the south. To the east, across South Jupiter Narrows, is <a href="/facts/Jupiter_Island/FtwEmBfN">Jupiter Island</a>. Hobe Sound Public Beach, within the town of <a href="/facts/Jupiter_Island,_Florida/V4481Qdw">Jupiter Island</a>, is one of Martin County's four guarded beaches. </p> <h2 id="history">History</h2> <p>Hobe Sound is the <a href="/facts/Anglicization/0xS2Rc6w">anglicized</a> form of the name of a village of the <a href="/facts/Jaega/eCoRRTcw">Jaega</a>, a <a href="/facts/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States/lr8Qmd6N">Native American</a> group that lived in the area before European settlement. The Spanish recorded the village name as "Jobe" or "Jove" [ˈxoβe].<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Jonathan_Dickinson/j555XXG1">Jonathan Dickinson</a>, whose party was shipwrecked near the town in 1696, spelled the name of the village "Hoe-bey".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> </p><p>Parts of Hobe Sound were included in the 12,000-acre (49 km2) Gomez grant given by <a href="/facts/Spain/bIyrB8EY">Spain</a> to Don Eusebio in 1815. In 1821, Gomez sold 8,000 acres (32 km2), including Jupiter Island, to Joseph Delespine for $1 per acre. </p><p>Shortly after the turn of the 20th century, <a href="/facts/Henry_Flagler/X9j6dEQ7">Henry Flagler</a> built his railroad along the east coast of Florida, passing through Hobe Sound. This gradually created many opportunities including jobs, the birth of tourism, and other related industries. </p> <p>During the land boom of the 1920s elaborate plans were announced for Hobe Sound by the Olympia Improvement Corporation. Their goal was to create a town, in Greek style, where motion pictures could be produced. Street names bore such names as Zeus, Saturn, Mercury, Mars, Olympus, Venus, Pluto and Athena. For a brief time Hobe Sound was renamed "<a href="/facts/Picture_City,_Florida/NoldqtNp">Picture City</a>" and plans were presented for a movie picture production center. The boom collapsed after the <a href="/facts/1928_Okeechobee_hurricane/sySHkX2j">1928 Okeechobee hurricane</a>, and the original name was restored. Street names remained, however, as did the cement streetlights along Dixie Highway. </p><p>In 1924, the building which soon would become the new schoolhouse in Hobe Sound was constructed. The Martin County Board of Public Instruction secured the use of the new school building from the Picture City Corporation in 1925, and in October of that year, the <a href="/facts/Olympia_School/l2sz58Ho">Olympia School</a> opened. The school was designated the "Picture City School" of Martin County. It remained in use as a school until 1962. </p><p>Other mementos of the past are gone, including the ice plant, which was south of Bridge Road; the old train station, which now, refurbished and relocated west of Hobe Sound, serves as an office building for Becker Groves; and the Texaco station east of the Winn-Dixie plaza, which no longer supplies gasoline but continues to serve the community with car rentals and a livery service, operated by its founding family. </p><p>Hobe Sound is positioned at the southern end of environmentally-sensitive Martin (named after Governor Martin) County. It has been stated that at Hobe Sound's front door lies the Gold Coast and that at her back door lies the Treasure Coast. Thus, Hobe Sound can lend to both while retaining its proud heritage and unique personality. Hobe Sound's proximity to the coast affords immediate access to the Atlantic Ocean and the deep-channeled <a href="/facts/Intracoastal_Waterway/HaAfvw63">Intracoastal Waterway</a>, a 1,200-mile (1,900 km) water route that provides a sheltered passage for boats along the eastern seaboard. </p><p>Another significant historical association possessed by Hobe Sound is the brief stay there of former Defense Secretary <a href="/facts/James_Forrestal/hqaRp1mQ">James Forrestal</a> in 1949 between his resignation from that post and his death. </p><p>Around 1:30 a.m. on March 14, 1997, President <a href="/facts/Bill_Clinton/x5mwYkVh">Bill Clinton</a> fell on the steps and twisted his knee at golfer <a href="/facts/Greg_Norman/I7KK2eqr">Greg Norman</a>'s 80-acre oceanside estate in Hobe Sound. Clinton was staying there to play in a golf tournament sponsored by Norman.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> </p> <p>Hobe Sound is a predominantly wealthy community whose residents have included such celebrities and other prominent persons as <a href="/facts/Tiger_Woods/cqNcuXcA">Tiger Woods</a>, <a href="/facts/Alan_Jackson/HrxvJ6Se">Alan Jackson</a>, <a href="/facts/Celine_Dion/2tKuyIFR">Celine Dion</a>, <a href="/facts/Burt_Reynolds/8exc2rdL">Burt Reynolds</a>, and <a href="/facts/Marion_Margery_Scranton/YcdvrgSL">Marion Margery Scranton</a>, among others.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> Over the decades, it was home or a winter home for wealthy businessman and industrialists, politicians, and sports and entertainment celebrities. </p><p>Police protection for Hobe Sound is provided by the Martin County Sheriff's Department. The Martin County Fire Rescue Department provides modern fire, rescue, as well as EMS Services. State-of-the-art inter-facility EMS services are also provided by the Martin Health System. </p> <h2 id="counties">Counties</h2> <p>Hobe Sound has been part of the following counties: </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/St._Johns_County,_Florida/QIGJjDjs">St. Johns County</a>, 1821-1824</li> <li><a href="/facts/Orange_County,_Florida/0VdcESlJ">Mosquito County, now Orange County</a>, 1824-1844</li> <li><a href="/facts/Brevard_County,_Florida/y6P4IFeS">Brevard County</a>, 1844-1866. Note: The present-day Brevard County was known as St. Lucie County from 1844-1855, but it was not the same county as today's <a href="/facts/St._Lucie_County,_Florida/LvbA7Vvs">St. Lucie County</a>.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Miami-Dade_County,_Florida/wJPS3NIk">Dade County</a>, 1866-1909</li> <li><a href="/facts/Palm_Beach_County/YdbjPVM3">Palm Beach County</a>, 1909-1925</li> <li><a href="/facts/Martin_County,_Florida/taGQGC0t">Martin County</a>, 1925–present</li></ul> <h2 id="demographics">Demographics</h2> Historical population<table><tbody><tr><th scope="col">Census</th><th scope="col">Pop.</th><th scope="col">Note</th><th scope="col">%±</th></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/2000_United_States_census/oFBpAEqK">2000</a></th><td>11,376</td><td></td><td>—</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/2010_United_States_census/RoYVI17A">2010</a></th><td>11,521</td><td></td><td>1.3%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/facts/2020_United_States_census/dTEm5TRr">2020</a></th><td>13,163</td><td></td><td>14.3%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4">U.S. Decennial Census<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <h3>2020 census</h3> Hobe Sound racial composition (Hispanics excluded from racial categories) (<i>NH = Non-Hispanic</i>)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a><table><tbody><tr><th>Race</th><th>Number</th><th>Percentage</th></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Non-Hispanic_or_Latino_whites/oBCzIsEn">White</a> (NH)</td><td>10,387</td><td>78.91%</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Non-Hispanic_or_Latino_African_Americans/pTgcAdo8">Black or African American</a> (NH)</td><td>744</td><td>5.65%</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States/lr8Qmd6N">Native American</a> or <a href="/facts/Alaska_Native/BdNgd6Ds">Alaska Native</a> (NH)</td><td>19</td><td>0.14%</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Asian_Americans/LEbUc3Gb">Asian</a> (NH)</td><td>126</td><td>0.96%</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Pacific_Islander_Americans/22BvCgE5">Pacific Islander</a> (NH)</td><td>7</td><td>0.05%</td></tr><tr><td>Some Other Race (NH)</td><td>34</td><td>0.26%</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Multiracial_Americans/vAdY6SRS">Mixed/Multi-Racial</a> (NH)</td><td>458</td><td>3.48%</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans/rIBPIUd3">Hispanic or Latino</a></td><td>1,388</td><td>10.54%</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>13,163</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>As of the <a href="/facts/2020_United_States_census/dTEm5TRr">2020 U.S. census</a>, there were 13,163 people, 6,079 households, and 3,397 families residing in the CDP. </p> <h3>2000 census</h3> <p>As of the <a href="/facts/Census/dePeULsk">census</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> of 2000, there were 11,376 people, 5,176 households, and 3,266 families residing in the CDP. The <a href="/facts/Population_density/70zGTCFc">population density</a> was 2,082.8 persons per square mile (804.5/km2). There were 6,042 housing units at an average density of 1,106.2 houses per square mile (427.3/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 91.98% <a href="/facts/White_(U.S._Census)/TmVxjULy">White</a>, 5.79% <a href="/facts/African_American_(U.S._Census)/TmVxjULy">African American</a>, 0.15% <a href="/facts/Native_American_(U.S._Census)/TmVxjULy">Native American</a>, 0.60% <a href="/facts/Asian_(U.S._Census)/TmVxjULy">Asian</a>, 0.03% <a href="/facts/Pacific_Islander_(U.S._Census)/22BvCgE5">Pacific Islander</a>, 0.64% from <a href="/facts/Race_(United_States_Census)/TmVxjULy">other races</a>, and 0.81% from two or more races. <a href="/facts/Hispanic_(U.S._Census)/TmVxjULy">Hispanic</a> or <a href="/facts/Latino_(U.S._Census)/TmVxjULy">Latino</a> of any race were 2.22% of the population. </p><p>There were 5,176 households, out of which 18.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.1% were <a href="/facts/Marriage/foMxzuxl">married couples</a> living together, 6.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.9% were non-families. 31.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.66. </p><p>In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 16.8% under the age of 18, 4.8% from 18 to 24, 20.5% from 25 to 44, 24.9% from 45 to 64, and 33.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 51 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.6 males. </p><p>The median income for a household in the CDP was $36,541, and the median income for a family was $45,412. Males had a median income of $36,943 versus $27,773 for females. The <a href="/facts/Per_capita_income/cJJwwhRY">per capita income</a> for the CDP was $21,603. About 3.7% of families and 5.5% of the population were below the <a href="/facts/Poverty_line/VdgLbwUk">poverty line</a>, including 3.7% of those under age 18 and 6.0% of those age 65 or over. </p> <h2 id="transportation">Transportation</h2> <p>Travel in Hobe Sound is predominantly performed by private automobile. There are no interstate highways in Hobe Sound; the nearest, <a href="/facts/Interstate_95_in_Florida/xjy9LK4E">Interstate 95</a>, is 7 miles (11 km) west. Hobe Sound is dominated by <a href="/facts/U.S._Route_1_in_Florida/ojBGsIb5">US 1</a>, a four- and six-lane <a href="/facts/Arterial_road/4a9AfQ7p">arterial road</a> that runs north to south. Other important throughways include <a href="/facts/Florida_State_Road_A1A/9EP655xz">Florida State Road A1A</a> (locally known as a part of the old '<a href="/facts/Dixie_Highway/WtoMwKxu">Dixie Highway</a>'), Bridge Road, Gomez Avenue, and Osprey Street. US 1 arguably represents the central business district though some commercial activity occurs on Dixie Highway (A1A) near Bridge Road. </p> <h3>Mass transit</h3> <p><a href="/facts/Martin_County_Public_Transit/To6RqDNx">Martin County Public Transit</a> (MARTY) provides fixed-route bus service through Hobe Sound. Hobe Sound located on MARTY bus route 4 and route 20x. Bus route 20x offers service to Palm Beach County, and connects with <a href="/facts/Palm_Tran/hAvj8aHk">Palm Tran</a> bus service.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> The Community Coach, a service of the Council on Aging of Martin County, is an additional public transportation service for Martin County. It operates a curb-to-curb, advance reservation, shared ride service and also operates fixed-route services in other parts of the county. The closest <a href="/facts/Tri-Rail/C6zSGFGU">Tri-Rail</a> commuter railroad station is located in <a href="/facts/Mangonia_Park_station/jFvw8dQx">Mangonia Park</a> to the south. </p> <h3>Railroads</h3> <p>The <a href="/facts/Florida_East_Coast_Railway/l8ojv0FP">Florida East Coast Railway</a> runs through Hobe Sound parallel to <a href="/facts/A1A/9EP655xz">A1A</a>. <a href="/facts/Grade_crossing/mUGbbLGF">At-grade crossings</a> can be found at (from north to south) A1A, Osprey Street, Crossrip Street, Pettway Street, Bridge Road, and Gleason Street. </p><p>Until 1963 long distance trains, <i><a href="/facts/Champion_(train)/Lluot96t">East Coast Champion</a>,</i> <i><a href="/facts/City_of_Miami_(train)/3PCDavWr">City of Miami</a>,</i> <i>Havana Special</i> and <i><a href="/facts/South_Wind_(train)/3uGXU3aN">South Wind</a>,</i> served Hope Sound's station. Until 1957 the <i>Dixieland,</i> (<i>nee</i> <i><a href="/facts/Dixie_Flagler/HnG9bFqU">Dixie Flagler</a></i>) made stops there as well.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a> Until 1968 local Jacksonville to Miami trains made stops at Hobe Sound.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a> </p><p>The <a href="/facts/Stuart_station_(Brightline)/P1HKlLrQ">Stuart Brightline station</a> is scheduled to open in 2026, and will be located a few miles north of Hobe Sound in Downtown Stuart. Currently, the <a href="/facts/West_Palm_Beach_station_(Brightline)/13mS7kgD">West Palm Beach Brightline station</a> is the closest stop to Hobe Sound. The historic <a href="/facts/West_Palm_Beach_station/wIEtTMbM">West Palm Beach station</a> is also served by Tri-Rail, and is the closest <a href="/facts/Amtrak/cHtG5Ub3">Amtrak</a> stop to Hobe Sound. </p> <h3>Airports</h3> <p>The closest airport to Hobe Sound is <a href="/facts/Witham_Field/r9w2SsVM">Witham Field</a>, and is located in Stuart. This airport is primarily used for <a href="/facts/General_aviation/gA0ozoWt">general aviation</a>. The closest airport offering <a href="/facts/Commercial_aviation/3JJhl9jL">commercial service</a> is <a href="/facts/Palm_Beach_International_Airport/SlT2V6TN">Palm Beach International Airport</a>. </p> <h2 id="education">Education</h2> <p>The <a href="/facts/Hobe_Sound_Bible_College/Q7htxH4e">Hobe Sound Bible College</a> is the only institution that provides <a href="/facts/Post-secondary_education/WMN5RpeC">post-secondary education</a> within Hobe Sound. Private schools include the <a href="/facts/Hobe_Sound_Christian_Academy/pSrSarrn">Hobe Sound Christian Academy</a>. Publicly run schools include Hobe Sound Elementary and Seawind Elementary Schools. Residents of Hobe Sound attend Murray Middle School and <a href="/facts/South_Fork_High_School/NbyzeFxL">South Fork High School</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/facts/Pine_School/gpePEAgn">Pine School</a> (formerly St. Michael's Independent) is now located on its new campus in Hobe Sound. This prestigious private school has a college preparatory program and educational opportunities for Kindergarten through 12th grade students. The campus offers education covering the basic arts (graphics, music, and media). </p> <h2 id="notable-people">Notable people</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Ted_Cabot/14DEInQf">Ted Cabot</a>, lawyer, politician, and judge</li> <li><a href="/facts/Greg_Norman/I7KK2eqr">Greg Norman</a>, No. 1 ranked golfer in the 1980s and 90s</li> <li><a href="/facts/Mary_Oliver/GvlKhJhs">Mary Oliver</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> poet</li> <li><a href="/facts/Nathaniel_Reed_(environmentalist)/NRPRu0lW">Nathaniel Reed</a>, Assistant Director Dept. of the Interior</li> <li><a href="/facts/Vanessa_Rousso/ABjlLR7r">Vanessa Rousso</a>, professional poker player and <i>Big Brother</i> 17 contestant</li> <li><a href="/facts/Marion_Margery_Scranton/YcdvrgSL">Marion Margery Scranton</a>, <a href="/facts/Women%27s_suffrage/4sRR3ad7">women's suffrage</a> activist, leading member of the <a href="/facts/Republican_Party_(United_States)/XXM1EVPr">Republican Party</a> in the United States, and a member of the prominent <a href="/facts/Scranton_family/Nt19N6bL">Scranton family</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Worthington_Scranton/HPW66N4D">Worthington Scranton</a>, businessman, lawyer, and philanthropist, and member of the prominent <a href="/facts/Scranton_family/Nt19N6bL">Scranton family</a></li></ul> <h2 id="sources">Sources</h2> <ul><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120619215616/http://www.hobesound.org/live_and_work/history.aspx">History</a>, Hobe Sound Chamber of Commerce</li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hobe Sound, Florida. Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i>Hobe Sound, Florida</i>. <ul><li><a href="https://edits.nationalmap.gov/apps/gaz-domestic/public/search/names/284064">U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Hobe Sound, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.hobesound.org/">Hobe Sound Chamber of Commerce</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"P1. Race – Hobe Sound CDP, Florida: 2020 DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171)". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved December 21, 2022. <a href="https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=&g=1600000US1230975&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P1" target="_blank">https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=&g=1600000US1230975&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P1</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011. <a href="https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html" target="_blank">https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Hann, John H. (2003). Indians of Central and South Florida 1513-1763. Gainesville, Florida: University Press of Florida. pp. 61, 180. ISBN 0-8130-2645-8. <a href="0-8130-2645-8" target="_blank">0-8130-2645-8</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Dickinson, Jonathan (1945) [1700]. Andrews, Evangeline Walker; Andrews, Charles McLean (eds.). God's Protecting Providence ... (Reprint (Florida Classics Library, 1981) ed.). Yale University Press. p. 19. LCCN 61-11399. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help) <a href="/wiki/Charles_McLean_Andrews" target="_blank">/wiki/Charles_McLean_Andrews</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Fournier, Ron (March 14, 1997). "Clinton hurts right knee in fall at golfer Greg Norman's home". Associated Press. Retrieved May 25, 2021. <a href="https://apnews.com/article/89bf9c838e95af4ec5384d33eae8f3ce" target="_blank">https://apnews.com/article/89bf9c838e95af4ec5384d33eae8f3ce</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>"W. Scranton Dies in Florida." Hazleton, Pennsylvania: The Plain Speaker, February 14, 1955, p. 20. <a href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/38103510/scranton-j-worthington-death/" target="_blank">https://www.newspapers.com/clip/38103510/scranton-j-worthington-death/</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>"United States Census Bureau QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 18, 2022. <a href="https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/hobesoundcdpflorida,US/PST045221" target="_blank">https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/hobesoundcdpflorida,US/PST045221</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>"Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved February 12, 2022. <a href="https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US1230975&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2" target="_blank">https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US1230975&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>"U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008. <a href="https://www.census.gov" target="_blank">https://www.census.gov</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>https://www.martin.fl.us/BusSchedule Martin County MARTY bus services <a href="https://www.martin.fl.us/BusSchedule" target="_blank">https://www.martin.fl.us/BusSchedule</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>"Florida East Coast Railway". Official Guide of the Railways. 86 (7). National Railway Publication Company. December 1953. <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>"Florida East Coast Railway". Official Guide of the Railways. 90 (7). National Railway Publication Company. December 1957. <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>"Florida East Coast Railway". Official Guide of the Railways. 91 (3). National Railway Publication Company. January 1962. <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>Bramson, Seth H. Speedway to Sunshine: the story of the Florida East Coast Railway, Boston Mills Press, 2010, p. 153. ISBN 9781554077533. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>'Mary Oliver', Encyclopædia Britannica Online, retrieved January 30, 2019. <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mary-Oliver" target="_blank">https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mary-Oliver</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>