Menu
Home
People
Places
Arts
History
Plants & Animals
Science
Life & Culture
Technology
Reference.org
Hardware obfuscation
open-in-new
<h2 id="historical-context">Historical context</h2> <p>Hardware obfuscation in computing probably has its origins with <a href="/facts/Mainframe_computer/nrBR6rWa">mainframe</a> CPUs, mainly ones made by IBM during the 1960s and 1970s. IBM, in order to maintain some competitive advantage, implemented secret opcodes that would only be used by the closed source operating system on the mainframe. </p> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Code_obfuscation/703yhvVq">Code obfuscation</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Hardware_Trojan_(computing)/6yGwGqXd">Hardware Trojan (computing)</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Hardware_watermarking/zcUfyAFw">Hardware watermarking</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Anirban Sengupta, Dipanjan Roy, Saraju Mohanty, Peter Corcoran "DSP Design Protection in CE through Algorithmic Transformation Based Structural Obfuscation", IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Volume 63, Issue 4, November 2017, pp: 467 - 476 <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Anirban Sengupta, Deepak Kachave, Dipanjan Roy "Low Cost Functional Obfuscation of Reusable IP Cores used in CE Hardware through Robust Locking", IEEE Transactions on Computer Aided Design of Integrated Circuits & Systems (TCAD), 2018 <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Anirban Sengupta, Dipanjan Roy "Protecting an Intellectual Property Core during Architectural Synthesis using High-Level Transformation Based Obfuscation" IET Electronics Letters, Volume: 53, Issue: 13, June 2017, pp. 849 - 851 <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>M. Yasin, J. Rajendran, O. Sinanoglu, and R. Karri. "On improving the security of logic locking." IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems 35, no. 9 (2016): 1411-1424 <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>E. Castillo, U. Meyer-Baese, A. Garcia, L. Parilla, and A. Lloris: "IPP@HDL: efficient intellectual property protection scheme for IP cores", IEEE Transactions on VLSI, 16(5), 2007. <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Xilinx Corporation: "Xilinx IP evaluation", [1] Archived 2010-09-20 at the Wayback Machine, 2009. <a href="http://www.xilinx.com/ipcenter/ipevaluation/index.htm" target="_blank">http://www.xilinx.com/ipcenter/ipevaluation/index.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>M. Wirthlin and B. McMurtrey: "IP delivery for FPGAs using Applets and JHDL", Design Automation Conference (DAC), 2002. <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>R.S. Chakraborty and S. Bhunia: "RTL hardware IP protection using key-based control and data flow obfuscation", International Conference on Very Large Scale Integration Design (VLSID), 2010. <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>J. Roy, F. Koushanfar, and I.L. Markov: "EPIC: ending piracy of integrated circuits," Design, Automation and Test in Europe (DATE), 2008. <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Thicket Family of Source Come Obfuscators <a href="http://www.semdesigns.com/Products/Obfuscators/" target="_blank">http://www.semdesigns.com/Products/Obfuscators/</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>M. Brzozowski and V. N. Yarmolik: "Obfuscation as intellectual rights protection in VHDL language", International Conference on Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management Applications (CISIM), 2007. <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>B. Barak, O. Goldreich, R. Impagliazzo, S. Rudich, A. Sahai, S.P. Vadhan and K. Yang: "On the (im)possibility of obfuscating programs", Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology (CRYPTO), 2001. <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>R.S. Chakraborty and S. Bhunia: "HARPOON: An Obfuscation-Based SoC Design Methodology for Hardware Protection", IEEE Trans. on CAD of Integrated Circuits and Systems (TCAD), 2009. <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>