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Peraphyllum
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<h2 id="description">Description</h2> <p><i>Peraphyllum ramosissimum</i> is a <a href="/facts/Shrub/X1gKVxL5">shrub</a> which may reach 3 metres (10 ft) in height.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a> Growing up to 3.5 centimetres (1+1⁄2 in) long,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a> the leaves are <a href="/facts/Leaf/1m6wCNTg">simple</a>; they can grow very close together on short shoots but are well separated on longer shoots.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> </p><p>Like most other flowering plants of the Rosaceae, <i>P. ramosissimum</i> has 5 <a href="/facts/Petals/DQMkpRSm">petals</a> and 5 <a href="/facts/Sepals/rFYnXN4d">sepals</a> with <a href="/facts/Radial_symmetry/FSv5Sv4y">radial symmetry</a>. The flowers have about 15–20 free <a href="/facts/Stamens/MzNPVK3D">stamens</a>, and the <a href="/facts/Petal/DQMkpRSm">petals</a> are white to rose in color. The fruit is a yellowish to purplish <a href="/facts/Pome/X5BLQAAp">pome</a> about 1 centimetre (1⁄2 in) wide.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2> <p>Translated from the <a href="/facts/Greek_language/pzDd6eIz">Greek</a>, the genus <i>Peraphyllum</i> means "very leafy" and the species name <i>ramosissimum</i> means "many branches". <i>Peraphyllum</i> is most closely related to <i><a href="/facts/Amelanchier/Vwq4s5Jj">Amelanchier</a></i>, <i><a href="/facts/Malacomeles/81dKjByq">Malacomeles</a></i>, <i><a href="/facts/Crataegus/SI3RcAJS">Crataegus</a></i>, and <i><a href="/facts/Mespilus/QfUDTz3E">Mespilus</a></i>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="distribution-and-habitat">Distribution and habitat</h2> <p><i>Peraphyllum ramosissimum</i> grows in <a href="/facts/Washington_(state)/7tCrTFnN">Washington</a>, <a href="/facts/California/zLW2vdQJ">California</a>, <a href="/facts/Oregon/4Uq446Ko">Oregon</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> Idaho, Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico, usually in <a href="/facts/Pine/HvMa9uc1">pine</a> and <a href="/facts/Juniper/0HctFTBQ">juniper</a> woodlands.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> In California it can be found in the <a href="/facts/Cascade_Range/v7n1chTV">High Cascades</a>, <a href="/facts/High_Sierra_(biome)/ndvo4Ffu">High Sierra Nevada</a>, <a href="/facts/Great_Basin/w135lKBN">Great Basin</a>, and <a href="/facts/Mojave_Desert/qWmTVQLg">Mojave Desert</a> <a href="/facts/Sky_island/Ttl8awzV">sky islands</a>. </p> <h2 id="uses">Uses</h2> <p>The ripe pome is edible and sweetish but has a bitter aftertaste.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> Wikimedia Commons has media related to Peraphyllum ramosissimum. <ul><li><a href="http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?6677,6815,6816">Jepson Manual Treatment: <i>Peraphyllum ramosissimum</i></a></li> <li><a href="https://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=PERA4">USDA PLANTS entry for <i>Peraphyllum ramosissimum</i> (wild crab apple)</a></li> <li><a href="http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/cgi/img_query?query_src=photos_index&where-taxon=Peraphyllum+ramosissimum"><i>Peraphyllum ramosissimum</i> — U.C. Photo gallery</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Turner, Mark; Kuhlmann, Ellen (2014). Trees & Shrubs of the Pacific Northwest (1st ed.). Portland, OR: Timber Press. p. 248. ISBN 978-1-60469-263-1. <a href="978-1-60469-263-1" target="_blank">978-1-60469-263-1</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Turner, Mark; Kuhlmann, Ellen (2014). Trees & Shrubs of the Pacific Northwest (1st ed.). Portland, OR: Timber Press. p. 248. ISBN 978-1-60469-263-1. <a href="978-1-60469-263-1" target="_blank">978-1-60469-263-1</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Janene Auger and Justin G. Smith, Peraphyllum ramosissimum Nutt., squaw-apple in Woody Plant Seed Manual Interim Web Site Archived 2009-02-19 at the Wayback Machine <a href="http://www.nsl.fs.fed.us/wpsm/Peraphyllum.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.nsl.fs.fed.us/wpsm/Peraphyllum.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Turner, Mark; Kuhlmann, Ellen (2014). Trees & Shrubs of the Pacific Northwest (1st ed.). Portland, OR: Timber Press. p. 248. ISBN 978-1-60469-263-1. <a href="978-1-60469-263-1" target="_blank">978-1-60469-263-1</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Campbell, C.S.; Evans, R.C.; Morgan, D.R.; Dickinson, T.A.; Arsenault, M.P. (2007). Phylogeny of subtribe Pyrinae (formerly the Maloideae, Rosaceae): Limited resolution of a complex evolutionary history. Plant Systematics and Evolution. 266(1–2): 119–145. <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Turner, Mark; Kuhlmann, Ellen (2014). Trees & Shrubs of the Pacific Northwest (1st ed.). Portland, OR: Timber Press. p. 248. ISBN 978-1-60469-263-1. <a href="978-1-60469-263-1" target="_blank">978-1-60469-263-1</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Turner, Mark; Kuhlmann, Ellen (2014). Trees & Shrubs of the Pacific Northwest (1st ed.). Portland, OR: Timber Press. p. 248. ISBN 978-1-60469-263-1. <a href="978-1-60469-263-1" target="_blank">978-1-60469-263-1</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Turner, Mark; Kuhlmann, Ellen (2014). Trees & Shrubs of the Pacific Northwest (1st ed.). Portland, OR: Timber Press. p. 248. ISBN 978-1-60469-263-1. <a href="978-1-60469-263-1" target="_blank">978-1-60469-263-1</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>