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Exosome component 2
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<h2 id="function">Function</h2> <p>Mammalian <a href="/facts/Messenger_RNA/oUL6qxQn">mRNAs</a> contain <a href="/facts/AU-rich_element/BHe6L1D2">AU-rich elements</a> (AREs) within their <a href="/facts/Three_prime_untranslated_region/wB0oYfKd">three prime untranslated regions</a>. In yeast, <a href="/facts/Directionality_(molecular_biology)/TIAXEQmY">3-prime-to-5-prime</a> mRNA degradation is mediated by the <a href="/facts/Exosome_complex/h2UWFNnw">exosome</a>, a multisubunit particle. EXOSC2 (which is homologous to the yeast Rrp4 protein) is a component of the human exosome.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="interactions">Interactions</h2> <p>Exosome component 2 has been shown to <a href="/facts/Protein-protein_interaction/etvm9Wmg">interact</a> with: </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Exosome_component_4/yK2KBWal">Exosome component 4</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> and</li> <li><a href="/facts/Exosome_component_7/zNQg86Rq">Exosome component 7</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a></li></ul> <h2 id="further-reading">Further reading</h2> <ul><li>Adams MD, Dubnick M, Kerlavage AR, et al. (1992). "Sequence identification of 2,375 human brain genes". <i>Nature</i>. 355 (6361): 632–4. <a href="/facts/Bibcode_(identifier)/9HtdQSGB">Bibcode</a>:<a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1992Natur.355..632A">1992Natur.355..632A</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F355632a0">10.1038/355632a0</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1538749">1538749</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4234345">4234345</a>.</li> <li>Morris CM, Heisterkamp N, Groffen J, Fitzgerald PH (1991). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1182%2Fblood.V78.4.1078.1078">"Entire ABL gene is joined with 5'-BCR in some patients with Philadelphia-positive leukemia"</a>. <i>Blood</i>. 78 (4): 1078–84. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1182%2Fblood.V78.4.1078.1078">10.1182/blood.V78.4.1078.1078</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1868241">1868241</a>.</li> <li>Zhu QS, Heisterkamp N, Groffen J (1990). "Characterization of the human ABL promoter regions". <i>Oncogene</i>. 5 (6): 885–91. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2163052">2163052</a>.</li> <li>Soekarman D, van Denderen J, Hoefsloot L, et al. (1990). "A novel variant of the bcr-abl fusion product in Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia". <i>Leukemia</i>. 4 (6): 397–403. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2193202">2193202</a>.</li> <li>Chen SJ, Chen Z, Font MP, et al. (1989). <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC334872">"Structural alterations of the BCR and ABL genes in Ph1 positive acute leukemias with rearrangements in the BCR gene first intron: further evidence implicating Alu sequences in the chromosome translocation"</a>. <i>Nucleic Acids Res</i>. 17 (19): 7631–42. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fnar%2F17.19.7631">10.1093/nar/17.19.7631</a>. <a href="/facts/PMC_(identifier)/dX1zMt71">PMC</a> <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC334872">334872</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2678002">2678002</a>.</li> <li>Heisterkamp N, Stam K, Groffen J, et al. (1985). "Structural organization of the bcr gene and its role in the Ph' translocation". <i>Nature</i>. 315 (6022): 758–61. <a href="/facts/Bibcode_(identifier)/9HtdQSGB">Bibcode</a>:<a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1985Natur.315..758H">1985Natur.315..758H</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F315758a0">10.1038/315758a0</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2989703">2989703</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4343076">4343076</a>.</li> <li>Shtivelman E, Lifshitz B, Gale RP, et al. (1986). "Alternative splicing of RNAs transcribed from the human abl gene and from the bcr-abl fused gene". <i>Cell</i>. 47 (2): 277–84. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0092-8674%2886%2990450-2">10.1016/0092-8674(86)90450-2</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3021337">3021337</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:36324337">36324337</a>.</li> <li>Grosveld G, Verwoerd T, van Agthoven T, et al. (1987). <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC367552">"The chronic myelocytic cell line K562 contains a breakpoint in bcr and produces a chimeric bcr/c-abl transcript"</a>. <i>Mol. Cell. Biol</i>. 6 (2): 607–16. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1128%2Fmcb.6.2.607">10.1128/mcb.6.2.607</a>. <a href="/facts/PMC_(identifier)/dX1zMt71">PMC</a> <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC367552">367552</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3023859">3023859</a>.</li> <li>Bernards A, Rubin CM, Westbrook CA, et al. (1987). <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC367959">"The first intron in the human c-abl gene is at least 200 kilobases long and is a target for translocations in chronic myelogenous leukemia"</a>. <i>Mol. Cell. Biol</i>. 7 (9): 3231–6. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1128%2Fmcb.7.9.3231">10.1128/mcb.7.9.3231</a>. <a href="/facts/PMC_(identifier)/dX1zMt71">PMC</a> <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC367959">367959</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3313010">3313010</a>.</li> <li>Groffen J, Heisterkamp N, Grosveld F, et al. (1982). "Isolation of human oncogene sequences (v-fes homolog) from a cosmid library". <i>Science</i>. 216 (4550): 1136–8. <a href="/facts/Bibcode_(identifier)/9HtdQSGB">Bibcode</a>:<a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1982Sci...216.1136G">1982Sci...216.1136G</a>. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.6281890">10.1126/science.6281890</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6281890">6281890</a>.</li> <li>Heisterkamp N, Groffen J, Stephenson JR (1983). "The human v-abl cellular homologue". <i>J. Mol. Appl. Genet</i>. 2 (1): 57–68. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6302194">6302194</a>.</li> <li>Heisterkamp N, Stephenson JR, Groffen J, et al. (1984). "Localization of the c-ab1 oncogene adjacent to a translocation break point in chronic myelocytic leukaemia". <i>Nature</i>. 306 (5940): 239–42. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F306239a0">10.1038/306239a0</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6316147">6316147</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4258884">4258884</a>.</li> <li>Groffen J, Stephenson JR, Heisterkamp N, et al. (1984). "Philadelphia chromosomal breakpoints are clustered within a limited region, bcr, on chromosome 22". <i>Cell</i>. 36 (1): 93–9. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0092-8674%2884%2990077-1">10.1016/0092-8674(84)90077-1</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6319012">6319012</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:9876892">9876892</a>.</li> <li>Chissoe SL, Bodenteich A, Wang YF, et al. (1995). "Sequence and analysis of the human ABL gene, the BCR gene, and regions involved in the Philadelphia chromosomal translocation". <i>Genomics</i>. 27 (1): 67–82. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1006%2Fgeno.1995.1008">10.1006/geno.1995.1008</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7665185">7665185</a>.</li> <li>Litz CE, McClure JS, Copenhaver CM, Brunning RD (1993). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1182%2Fblood.V81.6.1567.1567">"Duplication of small segments within the major breakpoint cluster region in chronic myelogenous leukemia"</a>. <i>Blood</i>. 81 (6): 1567–72. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1182%2Fblood.V81.6.1567.1567">10.1182/blood.V81.6.1567.1567</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8453102">8453102</a>.</li> <li>Mitchell P, Petfalski E, Tollervey D (1996). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1101%2Fgad.10.4.502">"The 3' end of yeast 5.8S rRNA is generated by an exonuclease processing mechanism"</a>. <i>Genes Dev</i>. 10 (4): 502–13. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1101%2Fgad.10.4.502">10.1101/gad.10.4.502</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8600032">8600032</a>.</li> <li>Mitchell P, Petfalski E, Shevchenko A, et al. (1997). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0092-8674%2800%2980432-8">"The exosome: a conserved eukaryotic RNA processing complex containing multiple 3'-->5' exoribonucleases"</a>. <i>Cell</i>. 91 (4): 457–66. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0092-8674%2800%2980432-8">10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80432-8</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9390555">9390555</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:16035676">16035676</a>.</li> <li>Allmang C, Petfalski E, Podtelejnikov A, et al. (1999). <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC316947">"The yeast exosome and human PM-Scl are related complexes of 3' --> 5' exonucleases"</a>. <i>Genes Dev</i>. 13 (16): 2148–58. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1101%2Fgad.13.16.2148">10.1101/gad.13.16.2148</a>. <a href="/facts/PMC_(identifier)/dX1zMt71">PMC</a> <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC316947">316947</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10465791">10465791</a>.</li> <li>Brouwer R, Allmang C, Raijmakers R, et al. (2001). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.M007603200">"Three novel components of the human exosome"</a>. <i>J. Biol. Chem</i>. 276 (9): 6177–84. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.M007603200">10.1074/jbc.M007603200</a>. <a href="/facts/Hdl_(identifier)/rdebSxmC">hdl</a>:<a href="https://hdl.handle.net/2066%2F186951">2066/186951</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11110791">11110791</a>.</li> <li>Chen CY, Gherzi R, Ong SE, et al. (2002). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0092-8674%2801%2900578-5">"AU binding proteins recruit the exosome to degrade ARE-containing mRNAs"</a>. <i>Cell</i>. 107 (4): 451–64. <a href="/facts/Doi_(identifier)/muM9Etpq">doi</a>:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0092-8674%2801%2900578-5">10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00578-5</a>. <a href="/facts/PMID_(identifier)/JlHAvMHt">PMID</a> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11719186">11719186</a>. <a href="/facts/S2CID_(identifier)/ldJsHa2Y">S2CID</a> <a href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:14817671">14817671</a>.</li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"Entrez Gene: EXOSC2 exosome component 2". <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=23404" target="_blank">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=23404</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Mitchell P, Petfalski E, Shevchenko A, Mann M, Tollervey D (November 1997). "The exosome: a conserved eukaryotic RNA processing complex containing multiple 3'-->5' exoribonucleases". Cell. 91 (4): 457–66. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80432-8. PMID 9390555. S2CID 16035676. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0092-8674%2800%2980432-8" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0092-8674%2800%2980432-8</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Chen CY, Gherzi R, Ong SE, Chan EL, Raijmakers R, Pruijn GJ, Stoecklin G, Moroni C, Mann M, Karin M (November 2001). "AU binding proteins recruit the exosome to degrade ARE-containing mRNAs". Cell. 107 (4): 451–64. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00578-5. PMID 11719186. S2CID 14817671. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0092-8674%2801%2900578-5" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0092-8674%2801%2900578-5</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Raijmakers R, Egberts WV, van Venrooij WJ, Pruijn GJ (Nov 2002). "Protein-protein interactions between human exosome components support the assembly of RNase PH-type subunits into a six-membered PNPase-like ring". J. Mol. Biol. 323 (4): 653–63. doi:10.1016/s0022-2836(02)00947-6. hdl:2066/186665. PMID 12419256. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Raijmakers R, Egberts WV, van Venrooij WJ, Pruijn GJ (Nov 2002). "Protein-protein interactions between human exosome components support the assembly of RNase PH-type subunits into a six-membered PNPase-like ring". J. Mol. Biol. 323 (4): 653–63. doi:10.1016/s0022-2836(02)00947-6. hdl:2066/186665. PMID 12419256. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>