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Binary asteroid
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<h2 id="description">Description</h2> <p>Several theories have been posited to explain the formation of binary-asteroid systems. Many systems have significant macro-porosity (a "<a href="/facts/Rubble_pile/qtf6BfEK">rubble-pile</a>" interior). The satellites orbiting large <a href="/facts/Asteroid_belt/YHAq2Eh3">main-belt asteroids</a> such as 22 Kalliope, 45 Eugenia or 87 Sylvia may have formed by disruption of a parent body after impact or fission after an oblique impact. <a href="/facts/Trans-Neptunian_object/oF5vsbz9">Trans-Neptunian</a> binaries may have formed during the formation of the Solar System by mutual capture or three-body interaction. <a href="/facts/Near-Earth_object/UwnPRnSN">Near-Earth asteroids</a>, which orbit in the inner part of the Solar System, most likely form by spin-up and mass shedding,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> likely as a result of the <a href="/facts/YORP_effect/N2pHNlJI">YORP effect</a>. Numerical simulations suggest that when solar energy spins a “rubble pile” asteroid to a sufficiently fast rate by the YORP effect, material is thrown from the asteroid's equator.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> This process also exposes fresh material at the poles of the asteroid.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="gallery">Gallery</h2> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Minor-planet_moon/hIzB5S7X">Minor-planet moon § List of minor planets with moons</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Subsatellite/31waKMUR">Subsatellite</a>, also known as Moonmoon – A satellite that orbits a natural satellite</li> <li><a href="/facts/Contact_binary_(small_Solar_System_body)/eEds70t2">Contact binary (small Solar System body)</a></li> <li>Triple asteroids <a href="/facts/(153591)_2001_SN263/5HYWnFuw">(153591) 2001 SN263</a> and <a href="/facts/(136617)_1994_CC/g3Wn4xCm">(136617) 1994 CC</a></li></ul> Wikimedia Commons has media related to Binary asteroids. <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Margot, Jean-Luc; Pravec, Petr; Taylor, Patrick; Carry, Benoît; Jacobson, Seth (2015). "Asteroid Systems: Binaries, Triples, and Pairs". In Michel, Patrick; DeMeo, Francesca E.; Bottke, William F. (eds.). Asteroids IV. p. 355. arXiv:1504.00034. Bibcode:2015aste.book..355M. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch019. ISBN 9780816532131. S2CID 56278100. <a href="9780816532131" target="_blank">9780816532131</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Liberato, L.; Tanga, P.; Mary, D.; Minker, K.; Carry, B.; Spoto, F.; Bartczak, P.; Sicardy, B.; Oszkiewicz, D.; Desmars, J. (August 2024). "Binary asteroid candidates in Gaia DR3 astrometry". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 688: A50. arXiv:2406.07195. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202349122. ISSN 0004-6361. <a href="https://www.aanda.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202349122" target="_blank">https://www.aanda.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202349122</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Graham-Shaw, Kate. "These 352 Asteroids Likely Have Cute Little Moonlets". Scientific American. Retrieved 2024-08-14. <a href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/these-352-asteroids-likely-have-cute-little-moonlets/" target="_blank">https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/these-352-asteroids-likely-have-cute-little-moonlets/</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Margot, Jean-Luc; et al. (2002). "Binary Asteroids in the Near-Earth Object Population". Science. 296 (5572): 1445–1448. Bibcode:2002Sci...296.1445M. doi:10.1126/science.1072094. PMID 11951001. S2CID 8768432. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Walsh, Kevin J.; Richardson, DC; Michel, P (June 2008). "Rotational breakup as the origin of small binary asteroids". Nature. 454 (7201): 188–191. Bibcode:2008Natur.454..188W. doi:10.1038/nature07078. PMID 18615078. S2CID 4418744. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Walsh, Kevin J.; Richardson, DC; Michel, P (June 2008). "Rotational breakup as the origin of small binary asteroids". Nature. 454 (7201): 188–191. Bibcode:2008Natur.454..188W. doi:10.1038/nature07078. PMID 18615078. S2CID 4418744. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Study Puts Solar Spin on Asteroids, their Moons & Earth Impacts Newswise, Retrieved 14 July 2008. <a href="http://newswise.com/articles/view/542454/" target="_blank">http://newswise.com/articles/view/542454/</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>