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Frederic Kipping
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<h2 id="life">Life</h2> <p>He was born in <a href="/facts/Salford%2c_Lancashire/nMRFJ7oN">Salford, Lancashire</a>, England, the son of James Kipping, a <a href="/facts/Bank_of_England/9ITfYV3q">Bank of England</a> official, and Julia Du Val, a daughter of painter <a href="/facts/Charles_Allen_Du_Val/cIuCHQsy">Charles Allen Du Val</a>. He was educated at <a href="/facts/Manchester_Grammar_School/aCYQt147">Manchester Grammar School</a> before enrolling in 1879 at Owens College (now <a href="/facts/Manchester_University/PwJzEj8h">Manchester University</a>) for an external degree from the <a href="/facts/University_of_London/spIRAx9B">University of London</a>. After working for the local gas company for a short time he went in 1886 to <a href="/facts/Germany/paluuWBX">Germany</a> to work under <a href="/facts/William_Henry_Perkin%2c_Jr./6c1CWeRT">William Henry Perkin, Jr.</a> in the laboratories of <a href="/facts/Adolf_von_Baeyer/5wRNhT9H">Adolf von Baeyer</a> at <a href="/facts/Munich_University/eJtBcjAE">Munich University</a>. </p><p>Back in England, he took a position as demonstrator for Perkin, who had been appointed professor at <a href="/facts/Heriot-Watt_University/V7ozSYP8">Heriot-Watt College, Edinburgh</a>. In 1890, Kipping was appointed chief demonstrator in chemistry for the <a href="/facts/City_and_Guilds_of_London_Institute/U0QvHwPd">City and Guilds of London Institute</a>, where he worked for the chemist <a href="/facts/Henry_Edward_Armstrong/4vYHsTMw">Henry Edward Armstrong</a>. In 1897 he moved to <a href="/facts/University_of_Nottingham/PR8osn19">University College, Nottingham</a> as professor of the chemistry department, and became the first newly endowed Sir <a href="/facts/Jesse_Boot/IxEpxG98">Jesse Boot</a> professor of chemistry at the university in 1928. He remained there until his retirement in 1936.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="achievements">Achievements</h2> <p>Kipping undertook much of the pioneering work into the development of <a href="/facts/Silicon/cgWx0hdr">silicon</a> <a href="/facts/Polymers/eF32E50K">polymers</a> (<a href="/facts/Silicone/4AX8YA5m">silicones</a>) at Nottingham. He pioneered the study of the <a href="/facts/Organic_compounds/gqCNaN45">organic compounds</a> of silicon (<a href="/facts/Organosilicon/JvUwzDQ4">organosilicon</a>) and coined the term <a href="/facts/Silicone/4AX8YA5m">silicone</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> His research formed the basis for the worldwide development of the <a href="/facts/Synthetic_rubber/58Fq4XYx">synthetic rubber</a> and silicone-based <a href="/facts/Lubricant/9PXISDwU">lubricant</a> industries.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> He also co-wrote, with Perkin, a standard textbook on organic chemistry (<i>Organic Chemistry</i>, Perkin and Kipping, 1894). </p><p>He was awarded the Longstaff Medal (now <a href="/facts/Longstaff_Prize/x9oCk9hG">Longstaff Prize</a>) by the Chemistry Society (now <a href="/facts/Royal_Society_of_Chemistry/1fg4xnqR">Royal Society of Chemistry</a>) in 1909. </p><p>He was elected a <a href="/facts/Fellow_of_the_Royal_Society/cWs8TdC5">Fellow of the Royal Society</a> in June, 1897.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> He was awarded their <a href="/facts/Davy_Medal/uoqf9fT9">Davy Medal</a> in 1918 and delivered their <a href="/facts/Bakerian_Lecture/n1Kk0WBE">Bakerian Lecture</a> in 1936 and was awarded a <a href="/facts/Royal_Society_Bakerian_Medal/n1Kk0WBE">Royal Society Bakerian Medal</a> in the same year. </p><p>In 2004, he was inducted into the <a href="/facts/University_of_Akron/y5vV3Cdf">University of Akron</a>'s <a href="/facts/List_of_inductees_in_the_International_Rubber_Science_Hall_of_Fame/2c2cXMRJ">International Rubber Science Hall of Fame</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="family">Family</h2> <p>He retired in 1936 and died in <a href="/facts/Criccieth/5UTT1cCl">Criccieth</a>, Wales in 1949. He married Lilian Holland in 1888, one of three sisters, and both his brothers-in-law were eminent scientists themselves: <a href="/facts/Arthur_Lapworth/mVv75BfU">Arthur Lapworth</a> and <a href="/facts/William_Henry_Perkin%2c_Jr./6c1CWeRT">William Henry Perkin, Jr.</a> He had four children including (Cyril Henry) Stanley, who became a famous chess problem composer and headmaster of Wednesbury Boys School, (Frederick) Barry who was eminent in chemistry and later edited his father's Organic Chemistry textbook, and (Kathleen) Esme who made wooden jigsaw puzzles under the name of K.E.K Puzzles. </p> <h2 id="perkin-and-kippings-organic-chemistry-text-book">Perkin and Kipping's Organic Chemistry text book</h2> <p>First published in 1894, the book went through many reprints and new editions well into the 1950s. From 1949 his son Barry Kipping was the sole editor. Perkin and Kipping also published a text book on Inorganic Chemistry, first published in 1911. </p> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Silicon/cgWx0hdr">Silicon</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Silicone/4AX8YA5m">Silicone</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Siloxane/6fbEIal7">Siloxane</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Organosilicon/JvUwzDQ4">Organosilicon</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Silicone_grease/4yzNSrsv">Silicone grease</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Silicone_oil/zeg2chHf">Silicone oil</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Silicone_resin/qPLQwJha">Silicone resin</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Silicone_rubber/3XMpD7m9">Silicone rubber</a></li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <ul><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070926215250/http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/biographies/MainBiographies/k/Kipping/1.html">Biography of Frederic Kipping</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Challenger, F. (1950). "Frederic Stanley Kipping. 1863-1949". Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society. 7 (19): 182–219. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1950.0013. S2CID 177487315. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frsbm.1950.0013" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frsbm.1950.0013</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Thomas, Neil R. (12 August 2010). "Frederic Stanley Kipping—Pioneer in Silicon Chemistry: His Life & Legacy". Silicon. 2: 187–193. doi:10.1007/s12633-010-9051-x. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs12633-010-9051-x" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs12633-010-9051-x</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Challenger, Frederick (2004). "The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography". In Shorter, John (ed.). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/34335. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.) <a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" target="_blank">/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>K.L. Mittal, A. Pizzi (2009). Handbook of Sealant Technology. CRC Press. p. 27. ISBN 978-0-8493-9162-0. <a href="978-0-8493-9162-0" target="_blank">978-0-8493-9162-0</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Asimov, Asimov's Biographical Encyclopedia of Science and Technology 2nd Revised edition <a href="/wiki/Asimov%27s_Biographical_Encyclopedia_of_Science_and_Technology" target="_blank">/wiki/Asimov%27s_Biographical_Encyclopedia_of_Science_and_Technology</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Challenger, F. (1950). "Frederic Stanley Kipping. 1863-1949". Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society. 7 (19): 182–219. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1950.0013. S2CID 177487315. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frsbm.1950.0013" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frsbm.1950.0013</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>"Library and Archive catalogue". Retrieved 8 November 2010.[permanent dead link] <a href="http://www2.royalsociety.org/DServe/dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqCmd=Show.tcl&dsqDb=Persons&dsqPos=0&dsqSearch=%28Surname%3D%27kipping%27%29" target="_blank">http://www2.royalsociety.org/DServe/dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqCmd=Show.tcl&dsqDb=Persons&dsqPos=0&dsqSearch=%28Surname%3D%27kipping%27%29</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>"Silicone pioneer Kipping to receive honor". Rubber and Plastics News. Crain. 1 November 2004. Retrieved 28 September 2022. <a href="https://www.rubbernews.com/article/20041101/NEWS/311019999/silicone-pioneer-kipping-to-receive-honor" target="_blank">https://www.rubbernews.com/article/20041101/NEWS/311019999/silicone-pioneer-kipping-to-receive-honor</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>